by JOSHITA , NAMITHA , HARINI , DEVIKA ,

KEERTHANA , MARIA
INTRODUCTION IN CHEMISTRY EVERYTHING IS MADE UP
OF ATOMS .
ATOMS CONSIST OF THE NUCLEUS AND
NEGATIVELY CHARGED PARTICLES
SURROUNDING THE NUCLEUS CALLED
ELECTRONS INSIDE THE NUCLEUS IS
PROTONS AND NEUTRONS THERE HAS
TO BE ONE PROTON AND ONE
NEUTRON INSIDE THE NUCLEUS

WHO DISCOVERED THIS ?

WHEN DID IT GET DISCOVERED ?

 WHO IS JAMES CHADWICK WAS THE HEAD OF
JAMES THE BRITISH TEAM THAT WORKED ON
CHADWICK THE MANHATTAN PROJECT DURING THE
SECOND WORLD WAR
BORN : 20 OCTOBER 1891
BORN IN : MANCHESTER, UNITED
KINGDOM
DIED : 24 JULY 1974
DIED IN : CAMBRIDGE, UNITED KINGDOM
NOBEL PRIZE FOR THE DISCOVERY OF
THE NEUTRON
FIELD : NUCLEAR PHYSICS
POSTULATES THE POSTULATES OF CHADWICK’S
OF THEORY
CHADWICK’S
THEORY • SINCE ELECTRONS HAVE NEGLIGIBLE
MASS , THE MASS OF THE ATOM
SHOULD BE EQUAL TO THE MASS OF
THE PROTONS.

• HOWEVER IN CASE OF HELIUM WHICH

HAS TWO PROTONS IN ITS NUCLEUS –
THE ATOMIC MASS WAS NOT EQUAL
TO THE MASS OF PROTONS.
NEUTRONS WHAT IS NEUTRON ?
NEUTRON IS A SUBATOMIC
PARTICLE OF ABOUT THE SAME
MASS AS A PROTON BUT
WITHOUT AN ELECTRIC CHARGE
,PRESENT IN ALL ATOMIC
NUCLEI EXCEPT THOSE OF
ORDINARY HYDROGEN
• NEUTRONS HAVE NO CHARGE
• IT HAS A RELATIVE MASS OF 1
WHICH IS THE SAME RELATIVE
MASS AS PROTONS
• NUMBER OF NEUTRONS IN AN
ATOM = MASS NUMBER –
ATOMIC NUMBER
EXPERIMENTS • THE EXPERIMENTS PROVE THAT IF
on 1972 ALPHA PARTICLES FELL ON LIGHT
ELEMENTS SUCH AS BERYLLIUM
BORON AND LITHIUM GAMMA RAYS.
• AFTER SO MANY WORK AND
CALCULATION CHADWICK PROVED
THAT THE PARTICLES RELEASED
FROM BERYLLIUM WERE UNCHARGED
AND HAD A MASS SLIGHTLY LARGER
THAN PROTONS

• HAVING DISCOVERED THIS

HE NAMED THEM
NEUTRONS
CONCLUSION • IT WAS THEREFORE PROVED THAT IN
THE NUCLEUS OF THE ATOM ARE
PRESENT PARTICLES HAVE NO
CHARGE , BUT MASS ALMOST EQUAL
TO THE MASS OF THE PROTON

• THUS THE DISCOVERY IN THE ATOMIC

NUCLEUS OF THE NEUTRON WAS
INITIATED