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 If you use a desktop

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computer, you might
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already know that there
isn't any single part called
the "computer.“

 A computer is really a
system of many parts
working together.
 Parts of Computer
1. Hardware – it is the

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physical parts, which you
can see and touch.

2. Software - refers to the

instructions, or programs,
that tell the hardware
what to do.
 Parts of a Desktop Computer

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1. Monitor

2. Modem

3. System Unit

4. Mouse

5. Amplified Speaker

6. Printer
Figure 1.11 An example of
Desktop Computer System 7. Keyboard
 Parts of a Desktop Computer
1. System Unit

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 The system unit is the core of a
computer system.
 Usually it's a rectangular box
placed on or underneath your
desk.
 Inside this box are many
electronic components that
process information. Like the
CPU – Central Processing Unit
– It is the most important part
Figure 1.12 An example of a of the computer, which acts as
System Unit the brain of your computer.
 Parts of a Desktop Computer
1. System Unit (continuation)
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 Another component is RAM –
Random Access Memory –
Memory is volatile, which
means that if power is
disconnected the data is lost.
RAM temporarily stores
information that the CPU
uses while the computer is
on. The information stored in
Figure 1.12 An example of a RAM is erased when the
System Unit computer is turned off.
 Almost every other part of
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your computer connects to
the system unit using cables.
The cables plug into specific
ports (openings), typically on
the back of the system unit.
Hardware that is not part of
the system unit is sometimes
called a peripheral device.

Figure 1.12 An example of a

System Unit
 Parts of a Desktop Computer

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2. Mouse
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 A mouse is a small device used
to point to and select items on
your computer screen.
 Although mice come in many
shapes, the typical mouse does
look a bit like an actual mouse.
 It's small, oblong, and
connected to the system unit
by a long wire that resembles a
Figure 1.16 An example of tail.
Mouse  Some newer mice are wireless.
 Parts of a Desktop Computer
2. Mouse (continuation)
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 A mouse usually has two
buttons: a primary button
(usually the left button) and
a secondary button.
Left Button  Many mice also have a
wheel between the two
buttons, which allows you
to scroll smoothly through
Figure 1.16 An example of screens of information.
Mouse
 Parts of a Desktop Computer
2. Mouse (continuation)
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 When you move the mouse
with your hand, a pointer
on your screen moves in
the same direction.
 The pointer's appearance
might change depending
on where it's positioned
on your screen.
Figure 1.17 An example of
Mouse Pointer
 Parts of a Desktop Computer
2. Mouse (continuation)
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 When you want to select an
item, you point to the item
and then click (press and
release) the primary
Left Button button.
 Pointing and clicking with
your mouse is the main way
to interact with your
Figure 1.16 An example of computer.
Mouse
 Parts of a Desktop Computer
3. Keyboard

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 A keyboard is used mainly for
typing text into your
computer.
 Like the keyboard on a
typewriter, it has keys for
letters and numbers, but it
also has special keys:
 The function keys, found
on the top row, perform
different functions
Figure 1.18 An example of
Keyboard depending on where they
are used.
 Parts of a Desktop Computer
3. Keyboard (continuation)
Function Keys
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 Like the keyboard on a
typewriter, it has keys for
letters and numbers, but it
also has special keys:
 The function keys, found
on the top row, perform
different functions
depending on where they
are used.
Figure 1.18 An example of
Keyboard
 Parts of a Desktop Computer
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3. Keyboard (continuation)

 The numeric keypad, located

on the right side of most
keyboards, allows you to
Numerical Keypad enter numbers quickly.

Figure 1.18 An example of

Keyboard
 Parts of a Desktop Computer
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3. Keyboard (continuation)
 The navigation keys, such as
the arrow keys, allow you to
move your position within a
Navigation Keys document or webpage.

Figure 1.18 An example of

Keyboard
 Parts of a Desktop Computer
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3. Keyboard (continuation)
 You can also use your
keyboard to perform many of
the same tasks you can
perform with a mouse.

Figure 1.18 An example of

Keyboard
 Parts of a Desktop Computer
4. Monitor
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 A monitor displays
information in visual form,
using text and graphics.
 The portion of the monitor
that displays the
information is called the
screen.
 Like a television screen, a
Figure 1.19 Examples of computer screen can show
Monitor still or moving pictures.
 Parts of a Desktop Computer

: There
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4. Monitor (continuation)

types of monitors:
1. CRT (cathode ray
tube) monitors.
2. LCD (liquid crystal
LCD monitor CRT monitor display) monitors.
Figure 1.19 Examples of
Monitor
 Parts of a Desktop Computer

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4. Monitor (continuation)
 Both types produce sharp
images.
 but LCD monitors have the
advantage of being much
thinner and lighter.
 CRT monitors, however, are
LCD monitor CRT monitor generally more affordable.

Figure 1.19 Examples of

Monitor
 Parts of a Desktop Computer

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5. Printer
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 A printer transfers data
from a computer onto
paper.
 You don't need a printer to
use your computer, but
having one allows you to
print e-mail, cards,
invitations,
Figure 1.20 Examples of announcements, and other
Printer materials.
 Parts of a Desktop Computer

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5. Printer (continuation)
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 Many people also like
being able to print their
own photos at home.

Figure 1.20 Examples of

Printer
 Parts of a Desktop Computer
5. Printer (continuation)

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 The two main types of
printers.
1. Inkjet printers are the
most popular printers
for the home. They can
print in black and
white or in full color
Inkjet Printer Laser Printer and can produce high-
quality photographs
Figure 1.20 Examples of when used with
Printer
special paper.
 Parts of a Desktop Computer

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5. Printer (continuation)
 The two main types of
printers.
2. Laser printers are
faster and generally
better able to handle
heavy use.
Inkjet Printer Laser Printer

Figure 1.20 Examples of

Printer
 Parts of a Desktop Computer

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6. Amplified Speakers
 This allow you to listen to
music and hear sound
effects from your
computer.

Figure 1.21 Examples of

Amplified Speakers
 Parts of a Desktop Computer
7. Modem – Modulator

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 It connect your computer to
the Internet.
 A modem is a device that
sends and receives computer
information over a telephone
line or high-speed cable
 Modems are sometimes built
into the system unit, but
Figure 1.21 Example of higher-speed modems are
Modem usually separate components.
 Parts of a System Unit
1. Motherboard
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 Motherboard or
Mainboard is the main
component of the
computer system unit.
 It is an ultimate device
found in a computer
arrangement.
 Backbone of the
Example of Motherboard Computer
 Parts of a System Unit
2. Central Processing Unit -
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CPU
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 The processor is the
main “brain” or “heart”
of a computer system.
 It performs all of the
instructions and
calculations that are
needed and manages the
Example of flow of information
Central Processing Unit through a computer.
 Parts of a System Unit
3. Random Access Memory -
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RAM
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 RAM is volatile, meaning
it holds data only when
the power is on. When
the power is off, RAM's
contents are lost.

Examples of
Random Access Memory (RAM)
 Parts of a System Unit
4. Adapter Card/Interface
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Card/Expansion Card
 Enable the computer to use
a peripheral device for
which it does not have the
necessary connections or
circuit boards.
 They are often used to
Example of
permit upgrading to a new
Adapter Card/Interface different hardware.
Card/Expansion Card
 Parts of a System Unit
5. Power Supply Unit (PSU)
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 Installed in the back
corner of the PC case,
next to the motherboard.
It converts 220vac
(standard house power)
into DC voltages that are
used by other
components in the PC.
Example of
Power Supply Unit (PSU)
 Parts of a System Unit
6. Hard Disk Drive (HDD)
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 Also known as hard
drive.
 Your computer's hard
disk drive stores
information on a hard
disk, a rigid platter or
stack of platters with a
magnetic surface.

Example of
Hard Disk Drive
 Parts of a System Unit
6. Hard Disk Drive - HDD
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(cont.)
 Because hard disks can
hold massive amounts of
information, they usually
serve as your computer's
main storage, holding
almost all of your
programs and files.
 The hard disk drive is
Example of
normally located inside the
Hard Disk Drive - HDD system unit.
 Parts of a System Unit
7. Optical Drive
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 An optical drive is a device
that uses lasers to read
data on the optical media.
 Nearly all computers today
come equipped with a CD
(Compact Disc) or DVD
(―Digital Versatile Disc or
―Digital Video Disc)
drive, usually located on
Example of the front of the system
Optical Drive unit.
 Parts of a System Unit
8. Floppy Disk Drive - FDD
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 Floppy disk drives
reads information on
floppy disk.
 The floppy disk drive
(FDD) was the primary
means of reading data to
a computer until the CD-
ROM drive became
Example of
popular.
Floppy Disk Drive - FDD
 Types of Optical Drive
a. Compact Disc Read Only
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Memory Drive (CD ROM
Drive)
 CD drives use lasers to read
(retrieve) data from a CD,
and many CD drives can also
write (record) data onto CDs.
 If you have a recordable disk
drive, you can store copies
of your files on blank CDs.
You can also use a CD drive
Example of CD ROM Drive to play music CDs on your
computer.
 Types of Optical Drive
b. Digital Versatile Disc Read
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Only Memory Drive (DVD ROM
Drive)
 DVD drives can do
everything that CD drives
can, plus read DVDs.
 If you have a DVD drive, you
can watch movies on your
computer.
 Many DVD drives can
record data onto blank
Example of DVD ROM Drive DVDs.
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Figure 1.12 An example CD/DVD