Can You Guess

the Word by
the EMOJI?
 Review
of
Related Literature
Related Literature
• is composed of discussions of facts and
principles to which the present study is related
• Materials which are usually printed and found in
books, encyclopedias, professional journals,
magazines, newspapers, and other publications
Classification of Materials:
•LOCAL, if printed in the
Philippines
•FOREIGN, if printed in other
lands
Related Studies
• are studies, inquiries, or investigations already
conducted to which the present proposed
study is related or has some bearing or
similarity
• usually unpublished materials like manucripts,
theses and dissertations
Classification of Materials:
•LOCAL, if it was conducted in
the Philippines
•FOREIGN, if conducted in
foreign lands
 IMPORTANCE,
PURPOSES, AND
FUNCTIONS OF
RELATED LITERATURE
1. It helps or guides the
researcher in searching for or
selecting a better research
problem or topic.
2. It helps the investigator
understand his topic or research
better.
3. It ensures that there will be no
duplication of other studies.
4. It provides the conceptual or
theoretical framework of the
planned research.
5. It gives the researcher a feeling
of confidence.
6. It provides information about
the research methods used.
7. It provides findings and
conclusions of past
investigations.
CHARACTERISTICS
OF RELATED
LITERATURE
MATERIALS
1. The surveyed materials must be
as recent as possible.
2. Materials reviewed must be
objective and unbiased.
3. Materials surveyed must be
relevant to the study.
4. Surveyed materials must have
been based upon genuinely
original and true facts or data to
make them valid and reliable.
HOW TO CONDUCT
THE REVIEW OF
RELATED LITERATURE
•Visit the school library or other
libraries in the vicinity. Browse
over books, magazines, journals,
etc. Be patient.
•Do a computer-aided search
through an electronic database.
- Google Scholar
- Website of journals; Botanicus
•Ask for reprints from experts.
• Take down notes on index card or research
notebook. Begin organizing your notes by devising
sections and headings such as:
a) General Information
b) Methods in other studies
c) Support for Objectives 1 and 2.
d) Results to compare with mine.
e) Pros and cons of controversy
•Write all bibliographic information,
i.e., author(s), complete title,
publisher, date and place of
publication, and so on.
•PARAPHRASE!
GUIDE QUESTIONS IN
CONDUCTING THE
REVIEW OF RELATED
LITERATURE
• Do the accumulated literature indicate gaps and
inconsistencies which you hope to fill?
• Are the variables adequately described?
• What data gathering instruments have been used? Are they
reliable and valid tools?
• Are the target and sampling populations presented?
• Were the hypotheses tested and correctly interpreted?
• Are the results logical? Are the conclusions and
recommendations data-based?
 HOW TO WRITE THE
REVIEW OF RELATED
LITERATURE
• Use headings arranged in logical order to indicate main points
• Avoid too long introduction to your main topic.
• Include information that are directly related and relevant to your
topic.
• A maximum of half-page (double-space) must constitute one
paragraph
• Do not copy in toto the information from your source. No more
than 10% of the entire paper is allowed for direct quotation.
• Give due credit to the real source of your data. Cite the
authors at the end of the sentence. How?
• Paraphrase using your own words and style the data
gathered.
• Summarize important points from your sources and
relate them to your topic.
• Reinforce your data with selected figures or statistics
from your course.
A common problem in
writing Review of Related
Literature is that it can turn
onto a boring list of
ideas in paragraph form.
HOW TO AVOID THE PREVIOUS
Make subheads (not too
many), transitional phrases
and unifying ideas to make
information flow smoothly.
HOW TO AVOID THE PREVIOUS
Spice your writing with
a variety. Keep your
paper alive!
HOW TO AVOID THE PREVIOUS
Replace found out with:
Author A found out Demonstrates
Presented evidence for
Author B found out Supported
Observed
Reported
Examined
Concluded
Presenters:
•Aiza N. Montalban-Francisco
•Ronald F. Francisco