Energy conservation schemes

Sowrya mukkavilli
 Energy conservation schemes
Conservation of energy simply means • Short term: these measures usually
cutting out waste by eliminating involves changes in operating practices
unnecessary usage of energy resulting in little or no capital
A conservation of energy campaign is to expenditure
ensure the minimum wastage by making • Medium term : low cost modification and
best possible use of energy consumed improvement to existing equipment
where th pay back period is less than two
years and often under one year
• Long term : modification involving high
capital cost and which frequently involve
the implementation of new techniques and
new technologies

NOTE:
1. 1st 2 categories together can achieve savings of the order of (5-10)%,
2. capital expenditure using existing and new technologies may achieve
a further (10-15)%
Short term energy conservation
Tightening of operation
control and improved house
keeping
 Furnace efficiencies:
Oil burners cleaned and
maintained regularly
 Good house keeping:
1. doors and windows
should be kept closed as
much as possible during the
heating season .
2. when natural light is
sufficient not use artificial
light .
3. avoid excessive
ventilation during the heating
season
Short term energy conservation
 Heat exchangers:
1. Heat transferred from
product streams to
feed streams
2. Careful monitoring of
performance should be
carried out to
determine the
optimum cleaning
cycles ,
3. frequency of cleaning
will increase the
improved heat
recovery
Short term energy conservation
 Use of steam:
Major steam leaks
should be repaired
immediately
 Electric power:
1. Natural air may be
sufficient and therefore
induced draught fans
may be taken out of
commission
2. Pumping costs
sometimes be saved by
utilizing gravity to move
products from one tank
to another
 Medium term energy
conservation
often available for quite modest
outlays of capital based on a pay back
period of less than two years
 Insulation:
Improving insulation to prevent cold
air leaking into the building and also
improving insulation of the steam
distribution system
 Heating systems:
Control the time and temperature
control of the heating systems in
buildings to energy saving
 Replacing air compressors
 Instrumentation:
To measure and control the energy
conservation parameters , adequate
instrumentation must be provided
or operators will soon lose interest
in maintaining efficiencies if they
are working with inadequate and
unreliable instruments.
 medium term energy
conservation
 process modifications :
dependents on the nature of
industry concerned . steam
condensate ,if uncondensate ,may
be used as boiler feed water
.improved condenste return systems
can increase the amount recovered.
the effect will be to increase the
heat recovered in the condensate
and at the same time reduce raw
water and treatment costs.
 Burners:
To control and amount of atomising
steam is important and often in
furnaces and boilers the amount of
atomising steam is far in excess of
design.
 Electrical power savings:
Considerable saving may made by
adjusting the electrical power factor
correction
long term energy conservation
Spending significant amount of
capital ,although, in many cases
the return on capital for the
long term may not be as good
as the medium term investment
1. Heater modification:
insulation of heating tubes and
air pre heaters to extract more
heat from the furnace flue
gases
2. Improved insulation:
3. Heat recovery: improved heat
recovery in the processing areas
by additional heat exchange
schemes