Pakistan Studies

Ideology
 History of subcontinent

Different Dynasties In sub continent

Muslim trade via Malabar coast with
Indonesia
First ruler who embraces Islam, Raja Samri
of Kadanga, Raja Zamroon of Kalikat
Hindu Caste system
Four casts Barhman, Khashtari, Vaish ,
Shudar
MAP
MAP
 Historical Evolution

Mythology of Hindu politics

Chankia wrote Arth Shasteer
Arrival Of Muslims
Muhammad Bin Qasim 712 A.D conquer till Multan
Abbasi family ruled Sindh till 854
Sultan Mehmood Ghaznvi 1000 -1030 A.D
attacked 17 times & attack on Sominat tample.
 Muslim Dynasties

Shahb Uddin Ghori 1175-1192 A.D

killed in village Kot Dhamak ,district Jehlum by
ruler of Ghakar Family
Slave Dynasty 1192-1290 A.D
Khalji 1290 -1320 A.D
Tughlaq 1320- 1412 A.D
1412-1414 A.D no body ruled
Saadat 1414-1451 A.D
Lodhi 1451-1526 A.D
 Muslim Dynasty

• Mughal Dynasty
• Phase –I 1526-1707 A.D
• Phase –II 1707-1857 A.D
 Ideology

1. What is Ideology
2. Muslim Ideology
3. Concept Of Ummah
4. Ideological Rationales
5. Muslim Separateness
6. Two Nation Theory
7. Word Nation coined for Muslim
 Ideaology

 What is ideology
“It is a widely and strongly shared
ideas & convictions that prompts
action.”
“It is for transforming the society
into a new social & political order to
preserve the prevailing order”
Ideology plays the adhesive role of
linking thought to behavior.
 Muslim Ideology

• Muslim ideology is a shared thoughts of

Muslims collectively that group of diverse
people held together by bond of Islam in
order to preserve the religion.
• Ideological Rationales
an ideological rationales consist on the ideas
that provide underlying justification and
foundation. In other words it provide solid
grounds to argue with reason your thoughts ,
ideas and belief for demand.
 War Of Independence

Determinants of War
a) Ban on wearing ‘Tilak’ and ‘Safa’
b) May 1857 war broke out from Meerut
cantonment against the usage of cartridges
c) Hindu refuted due to cow fats, Muslim refuted
due to pig fats
 Hindu Diplomacy
Failure Of War
Lack of capital
Lack of coordination
Lack of leadership
 War of Independence

Muslims Predicament
One can epitomized as in words of w.w Huntre
“if a politician wanted to create sensation in parliament, he
could do it by relating the condition of a single Muslim family
of Bengal”
Communal Difference
Urdu Hindi Controversy
Aroused in 1867 in Banaras.
Out of 64 Journals only 19 were in Hindi
Ram Raj Movement was anti Urdu movement
 Urdu Hindi Controversy

• Lt. governor of Bengal George Campell excluded

urdu from text books in 1871.
• Mulvi Imdad used heavy vocabulary in presidential
address and Beharis waiting for such chance so Lt.
governor of U.P Anthony Mcdonald Hindi as official
Language in 1898.
• April 1900 in all Govt. offices of U.P & judicial
courts Deonagri script had been executed
• May 1900, Nawab Mohsin-ul- Mulk launched
emotional speech and organize Urdu Defense
Association.
• !937 congress Ministries took steps to execute
Hindi
 Sir Sayed Ahmed Khan

1. Sir Sayed as Indian Nationalist

• The scenario:
1. Predicament Of Muslim
2. Hindus Advantageous
3. English as Official language
4. Efforts for reconciliation between Hindus &
Muslim
5. Hindu fanaticism
Arya samaj to reconvert Hindu
Bal Gangadhar Tilak spoke to purify the sacred soil
of India from forghiners.
1. Effects of 1857 mutiny on Muslim
2. Urdu Hindi Controversy
 Strategy Of Sayed Ahmed Khan

•English language would help

1. Attaining Jobs
2. Social Obligations & Political
Responsibilities
3. Rationalism(reason with religion)
 Sayed Ahmed view Point on
Nationalism
•Western Democracy & heterogeneous
communities of India.
•Congress Agitation
•Risk for Muslim if they participate in politics
as they were immature
•Need for own representatives
 Political steps

• Syed Ahmed khan took four concrete steps

He founded
1. The Indian patriotic Association
2. Mohammdan Educational Conference
3. Mohammdan Defense Association of Upper
India
4. Mohammdan Anglo -Oriental Defense
Association Of Upper India