FAMOUS BUILDINGS 2

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 Monadnock Building, Chicago
One of the early skyscrapers of the Chicago School, the 16-story Monadnock Building, left,
was designed by the architectural firm of Burnham and Root in the 1880s and completed in
the 1890s.
FLATIRON BUILDING
Completed 1902
DANIEL BURNHAM
Carson Pirie Scott Department Store
Louis Sullivan
Notre-Dame-du-Haut
Le Corbusier
1950-1955
Glasgow School of Art
Charles Rennie Mackintosh (Scotland)
(ex. ART NOUVEAU completed in 1909)
El Templo de la Sagrada Família
(Church of the Sacred Family)
ANTONI GAUDI
Hills/DeCaro House
FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
Chicago
Robie House (1906-1909)
Chicago, Illinois
FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
Victor Horta's House
Baron Victor Horta
1898 - Brussels,Belgium
Metro Station, Paris
Hector Guimard
(early 1900s)
Bauhaus Building
Walter Gropius
1925
Dessau, Germany
 Seagram
Building, New
York City
German American architect
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
was one of the leading architects
of the 20th century. His sleek,
unornamented glass-and-steel
skyscrapers were especially
influential. The 37-story bronze-
and-glass Seagram Building
(1958) in New York City, shown
here, displays the simplicity and
elegance that are characteristic of
his style. The building was
designed in collaboration with
architect Philip Johnson.
AT&T Building, New York
Philip Johnson 1984
(now the Sony Building)
Fallingwater House
FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
Pennsylvania, 1930
Santa Maria Novella
Florence, Italy
Leon Battista Alberti
FLORENCE CATHEDRAL
FILIPPO BRUNELLESCHI
1420-1436
Villa Barbaro
Maser, Italy
ANDREA PALLADIO
1560
Saint Peter’s Basilica, Rome
1506
Donato Bramante
Saint Paul’s Cathedral
1710
CHRISTOPHER WREN
 Paris Opera House
CHARLES GARNIER (1861-1875)
 Trinity Church
Henry Hobson Richardson
Boston
1872-1877
Queen’s House (1616-1635)
English architect Inigo Jones
England
 Saint Basil’s Cathedral
1555-1560 Moscow, Russia
(commissioned by IVAN the TERRIBLE)
Speyer Cathedral
Speyer, Germany
ROMANESQUE (1082-1125)
Chartres Cathedral, France
Gothic
Reims Cathedral, France
1211-1300
Gothic
Minaret of the Great Mosque at
Sāmarrā’
(848-852)
Taj Mahal, India
ANGKOR WAT
Cambodia
The Crystal Palace
Sir Joseph Paxton
Great Exhibition of 1851 in London.
 AEG Turbine Factory, Berlin
German architect and designer Peter Behrens
designed many items for the German Electricity
Company (AEG), including factories. (1909)
 Fagus Works Building
A founder of the influential Bauhaus German art school, architect
Walter Gropius often created buildings for large numbers of people.
The Fagus Works shoe factory, in Alfed, Germany, was one of his early
designs, conceived in 1911 and 1912 with Adolph Meyer. In 1934 Gropius
came to the United States and continued his work.
 Einstein Tower
With its curving facade and sculptural form, the Einstein
Tower (1920-1924) in Potsdam, Germany, is perhaps the best
representation of German architect Erich Mendelsohn’s
expressionistic design.
 Karlsplatz Station
Austrian architect Otto Wagner
1898
 Catedral Metropolitana, Brasilia
The Catedral Metropolitana is one of several buildings
designed by Brazilian architect Oscar Niemeyer in the
1960s for the Brazilian capital, Brasília.
 Tadao Ando’s Japanese Pavilion
Japanese architect Tadao Ando created an elegant wooden pavilion for
Japan at Expo ’92 in Seville, Spain. The building combined traditional
Japanese forms, materials, and craftwork with modern design and
construction.Ando received the prestigious Pritzker Architecture Prize in
1995.
Helsinki Central Railway Station
Finnish-American architect Eliel Saarinen
1904-1914
 Gateway Arch, St. Louis
The skyline of the city of St. Louis, Missouri, is dominated by
the stainless steel Gateway Arch, rising 192 m (630 ft) high.
It was designed by Finnish American architect Eero Saarinen
and completed in 1965, after his death.
 Vanna Venturi House
Robert Venturi designed the Vanna Venturi House (completed
1964) in Chestnut Hill, Pennsylvania, for his mother.
 Portland Building
The Portland Building, opened in 1982 in Portland, Oregon, is
one of the earliest monuments of postmodern architecture.
 The Salk Institute for Biological Studies
in La Jolla, California, was designed by American architect
Louis I. Kahn and completed in 1965.
 Notre Dame Cathedral, Paris
Notre Dame Cathedral, in Paris, was begun in 1163
and completed for the most part in 1250. It is one of
the best-known Gothic cathedrals in the world.
 Parliament Building, Dhaka
The Parliament building in Dhaka, Bangladesh, was
designed by American architect Louis I. Kahn in the
1960s.
Cathedral of Notre Dame, Amiens
The Cathedral of Notre Dame in Amiens, France,
built in the 13th century, is the largest Gothic
cathedral in the country.
Lloyd’s Building, London
Sir Richard George Rogers
1986
 Getty Center
American architect Richard Meier designed the Getty Center,
which opened in Los Angeles, California, in 1997.
 Le Mont-Saint-Michel, Normandy
This abbey and fortress sit atop the islet of Le
Mont-Saint-Michel, which is located on the coast of
Normandy in northern France.
 Westminster Abbey
Westminster Abbey is the best-known church in England. It was begun in
1245 for King Henry III, and the French Gothic influence can be seen in
the flying buttresses and the window tracery in particular. The chapel of
Henry VII, designed in the Tudor style, was added in 1503.
Salisbury Cathedral
Salisbury Cathedral in Salisbury,
England, is an example of English
Gothic architecture. It was built
between 1220 and 1260, but the
crossing tower, flying buttresses, and
spire were added in the 14th century.
The two sets of transepts on the north
and east sides are unusual for Gothic
buildings, as is the pastoral setting.
Royal Abbey at
St. Denis
The royal abbey church at St.
Denis near Paris is known as
the cradle of Gothic art. It is
an excellent example of early
Gothic architecture. The
building was the work of
Suger, the abbot of St. Denis,
who completely remodeled a
very old church. The church
was designed to permit the
entry of light, which was
considered necessary to create
an atmosphere conducive to
prayer.
 Cologne Cathedral
Cologne Cathedral has two massive spires which overlook the Rhine River
in Cologne, Germany. Begun in 1248, the cathedral is the largest Gothic
structure in the world. This photo shows the ornately carved south
transept-portal of the building.
The Dome of the Rock
The Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem is one of the earliest
surviving works of Islamic architecture. Built by Caliph Abd
al-Malik, the mosque was completed between 691 and 692.
The building is octagonal in shape and surmounted by a
large golden dome. Its surfaces, inside and out, are
decorated with marble and glazed ceramic tiles in mosaic
patterns. The Dome of the Rock sits in the middle of a large
courtyard on Temple Mount, considered to be one of the
holiest sites in Jerusalem.
 Tomb of Emperor Jahangir, Lahore
Built in the 17th century, the tomb of the Emperor Jahangir, in Lahore,
Pakistan, is intricately decorated with a variety of patterns and colors.
Seen here is the outer wall and one of the four minarets that surround the
garden in which the emperor's tomb is located.
 Süleymaniye Mosque
The Süleymaniye Mosque in İstanbul was built in 1550. The architect, Sinan,
based his design on Byzantine churches, in particular the Hagia Sophia. The large
central dome above a square opens to smaller spaces vaulted by buttressing half-
domes. The four tapering minarets with balconies are characteristic of the
architectural style of later Islamic mosques.
 Ely Cathedral
Ely Cathedral is an important Norman church in the eastern county of
Cambridgeshire. The cathedral was begun in 1083 and took more than
200 years to complete.
 Leaning Tower of Pisa
Started in 1173, the Leaning Tower of Pisa in Pisa, Italy, is an example of
Romanesque architecture. The leaning structure is actually the campanile
(Italian for “belfry” or “belltower”) of the cathedral of Pisa.
 Cathedral Group at Pisa
This group of buildings, built from 1053 to 1272 at Pisa, in Italy, includes a
campanile (bell tower), better known as the Leaning Tower, rear right; a
cathedral, center; and a baptistery, left. The tiers of open colonnades (series of
columns) throughout the group are characteristic of the Romanesque style of
architecture, which preceded the Gothic style in western Europe. The campanile
began leaning during construction due to the settling of the foundation.
 Great Stupa
The Great Stupa is an ancient Buddhist temple located in Sanchī, a historic site in the state
of Madhya Pradesh in central India. Constructed between the 3rd century bc and the early
1st century ad, the temple is solid and enclosed by a stone outer fence with toranas, or
gateways, on all four sides. Worshipers at the site pay their respects to Buddha by circling
the dome, which represents the world mountain. Atop the dome, a square fence called the
harika represents the heaven. The harika surrounds the yasti, a spire with three chatras, or
disk shapes. The yasti represents the axis of the universe.
 Tempietto
The Tempietto (1502) was designed
by Donato Bramante, one of the
greatest architects of the Italian
Renaissance. The building, with a
domed rotunda and surrounded by
columns, was commissioned by
Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain to
commemorate St. Peter’s
crucifixion. It is located in Rome, in
a convent called San Pietro in
Montorio.
 Cumberland Terrace, London
Among the most imposing and elegant facades in London are these neoclassical
buildings designed by English architect John Nash. Cumberland Terrace is part of
the Regent’s Park development, which Nash worked on from 1812 to 1827. It
exemplifies the grandeur of the neoclassical style and the large scale on which
Nash liked to work.
Expo '67: Geodesic Dome
Buckminster Fuller
 Church of Saint Joseph
In the early 1900s, French architect Auguste Perret pioneered the use of
reinforced concrete as a building material. One of his later works, the
Church of Saint Joseph in Le Havre, France, was completed in 1952.
Perret was responsible for the design of much of the rebuilding of that city
after World War II ended in 1945
 Blue Mosque
The Sultan Ahmet Mosque in İstanbul, Turkey, is also called the Blue
Mosque because of the blue and green tilework throughout the interior.
These photos show the mosque’s intricate tilework and numerous ceiling
domes. Built between 1609 and 1619, it was named for the ruling sultan
of the time.
 Saint Mark’s Cathedral
Saint Mark’s Cathedral in Venice, Italy, was begun in 1063. The rounded
arches and domes are characteristic of religious architecture in the
Byzantine style, from the Eastern Roman Empire.
 Himeji Castle
Himeji Castle in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan, was
originally built in the mid-14th century, but was
rebuilt in its present form in 1609.
 U.S. Capitol, Washington, D.C.
Dr. William Thornton
Builders laid the cornerstone for the United States Capitol in 1793, and the
building has been the seat of the country’s Senate and the House of
Representatives since 1800. Since its original construction, the Capitol building has
been expanded to more than twice its original size.
 White House, North Portico
The White House, in Washington, D.C., is one of the most popular tourist
attractions in the United States. The White House contains 132 rooms, but
only 5 of these—the Blue Room, East Room, Green Room, Red Room, and
State Dining Room—are open to public visitation.
 Pentagon
George Edwin Bergstrom
Home of the United States Department of Defense, the
Pentagon is the largest office building in the world.
 Pantheon
The Pantheon in Rome is one of the most famous buildings in the world. It was
commissioned by Hadrian in 118 and completed in 128. At one time it had a
colonnaded court leading to the portico. The dome of the rotunda behind the
portico is 43.2 m (142 ft) in diameter. The oculus (a round opening) at the top is
8.5 m (28 ft) in diameter and provides the only source of light for the interior.
 Maison-Carrée, Nîmes, France
The Maison-Carrée, built in the 1st century ad in Nîmes, France, is one of
the best-preserved ancient Roman temples. It was built in the Corinthian
order, which emphasized height, and its columns are proportioned to look
taller than those of earlier Greek temples.
 Church of San Vitale, Italy
Built between ad 526 and 547, the church of San Vitale stands as one of the finest
examples of Byzantine architecture. Emperor Justinian I, ruler of the Byzantine
Empire from 527 to 565, built San Vitale in his Italian stronghold at Ravenna when
he extended Byzantine rule through western Europe.
 Hagia Sophia, İstanbul
(Church of the Holy Wisdom) was built in Constantinople (now İstanbul)
between 532 and 537 under the auspices of Emperor Justinian I.
Architects : Anthemius of Tralles and Isidore of Miletus
 Sankoré Mosque in Tombouctou
The Sankoré mosque in Tombouctou, Mali, rose to prominence as an
Islamic house of worship during the Mali Empire, one of the great empires
of the western Sudan, in northern Africa.
 Alhambra in Granada, Spain
The Alhambra complex sits on a hill at the base of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in
Granada, Spain. The Alhambra is made up of three distinct areas: a fortress known as the
Alcazaba, extensive gardens called the Generalife, and the royal palace. The Alcazaba, parts
of which date to the 11th century, is the oldest part of the complex. During the 13th and
14th centuries, Spain’s Moorish rulers built the Generalife and the royal palace in the Islamic
architectural style. This photo faces the Alcazaba, with parts of the royal palace showing in
the background.
 The al-Haram Mosque in Mecca, Saudi Arabia,
holds the holiest shrine of Islam, the Kaaba. As the birthplace of Islam’s
founder, the Prophet Muhammad, Mecca is considered a holy city. It is a
pilgrimage point for Muslims worldwide, who are expected to visit the city
at least once if they are able to do so.
 Peterborough Cathedral
The west front of Saint Peter’s Cathedral in Peterborough, England,
includes a Gothic screen with three tall arches and a central entrance
porch. These were attached to the facade of the earlier Norman church.
 Münster, Freiburg
The Münster of Freiburg, in southwestern Germany, is considered one of
the finest Gothic cathedrals in the country. Built over three centuries, from
about 1200 to 1515, it is topped by a tower 118 m (386 ft) high. The top
of the tower provides splendid views of Freiburg and the Black Forest.
 Houses of Parliament
Big Ben, a 13.5-ton bell, tolls the hours in the clock tower of the Houses
of Parliament. The original palace on the site of the Houses of Parliament
(also known as the Palace of Westminster), for centuries the chief London
residence of the sovereign, was largely destroyed by fire in 1834. The
current building was completed in 1852.
State House, Boston
American architect Charles Bulfinch
1798
ROYAL PAVILION
Brighton
ALHAMBRA PALACE
Spain
PARC GUELL
Barcelona
Antoni Gaudi
El Escorial
CASA BATTLO
Antoni Gaudi
 CASA MILA
Antoni Gaudi
TWA AIRPORT
Eero Saarinen
Borobudur Temple
Java, Indonesia
Hindu-Buddhist temple on
the island of Java in
Indonesia, reveals in this
aerial view the eight
stone terraces built in
steps, one on top of the
other. Constructed in the
9th century and
abandoned in the 11th
century, Borobudur
influenced the design of
many other temples.
Cathedral in Orvieto, Umbria, Italy
 Doges’ Palace, Venice
The Doges’ Palace was a municipal center and residence in the former Venetian Republic.
The present palace dates from the early 14th century. After being damaged by fire on
several occasions, the interior was decorated by leading Venetian artists of the 16th century,
including Titian, Tintoretto, and Paolo
 Lincoln Cathedral
Lincoln Cathedral, in Lincoln, England, was constructed between the 11th century and the
15th century. It is noted for its decorative ribbed vaults and multiplication of line in the
arches. The high altar,center, is surrounded by an intricate screen and backed by canopied
arches.
 Peterborough Cathedral
The west front of Saint Peter’s Cathedral in Peterborough, England, includes a Gothic screen
with three tall arches and a central entrance porch. These were attached to the facade of the
earlier Norman church.
 Tower of London, England
The Tower of London, located on the northern bank of the Thames River, was built about
1078. It was used alternately as a fortress, royal residence, and state prison in its early
years. Today, it is maintained as an arsenal with a garrison, and is open to the public. The
well-preserved Norman and medieval structures cover nearly 7.2 hectares (18 acres).
 All Souls College, Oxford University
England’s oldest institution of higher learning, Oxford University, is a federation of 35
colleges, each with its own structure and activities. Many prominent people have attended
the All Souls College, shown here.
Cambridge University, Cambridge,
England
 Santiago de Compostela Cathedral
Santiago de Compostela Cathedral is the historic burial-place of Saint James, one of the
apostles of Jesus Christ. Construction on the granite structure, located in Santiago de
Compostela, Spain, began in the late 11th century. The cathedral was the goal of several
medieval pilgrimages and remains a site of religious devotion.
 Windsor Castle
Windsor Castle, located in city of Windsor in southern England, is the principal residence of
the British royal family. A castle was built on this site by William the Conqueror about 1070,
but the current complex—which includes parks and several chapels—was constructed mostly
during the 19th century.
 Grundtvig Church
Designed by the Danish architect P.V. Jensen-Klint in 1922. The art deco design is based in
part on a style of ecclesiastical architecture that used stepped gable ends, common in
Zeeland during the Middle Ages.
 Monticello
Monticello was home to Thomas Jefferson, the third president of the United
States. He designed the 35-room house which was completed in 1809.
 Phra Pathom Chedi
A statue of Buddha sits in front of the Phra Pathom Chedi, a 127-m (416-ft) Buddhist temple
in Nakhon Pathom, a city near Bangkok, Thailand. This particular statue represents a
bodhisattva, usually a personification of one of Buddha’s virtues. In Mahayana Buddhism, a
bodhisattva is an enlightened being who has postponed his entrance into nirvana, the final
reward of Buddhism, to work for the salvation of humanity.
 Potala
The enormous palace in Lhasa known as the Potala is the traditional residence of the Dalai
Lama, the spiritual and temporal leader of the Tibetan people. The current Dalai Lama,
however, has resided in exile in India since the invasion of Tibet by the Chinese in the 1950s.
Construction on the palace began during the 17th century.
 Machu Picchu, Peru
The ruins of Machu Picchu, near Cuzco, are the remains of an ancient city of the Inca
Empire. The civilization, based in southern Peru, dates to 1200. The Inca mastered
architecture, road building, and astronomy and were noted for their code of laws and
advanced system of government.
ANTWERP CATHEDRAL
Belgium
AZTEC TEMPLE
Tenochtitlan
 BOOTLEG HOUSE
Frank Lloyd Wright
Church les Invalides
MILAN CATHEDRAL
Padre Pio Pilgrimage Church
Italy
Renzo Pianio
WOOLWORTH BUILDING
Architect Cass Gilbert