The newly independent states had constitutions that created what

type of legislatures
The leaders of this state opposed a stronger central government,
so therefore did not attend the Constitutional Convention
Aliens may not
Social separation of races is know as
The intentional hiring/promoting of minorities
in an attempt to remedy past discrimination
People who become permanent residents of
a new country
The notion that power lies with the people
Committee that exists for a limited amount of
time and is created to perform a specific job
A tactic of delaying a vote to force a bill’s
sponsor to withdraw the measure
A written document explaining one’s side in a
case
Follows the Vice President in the order of
succession
A government controlled by one person or a
small group of people
A previous case offering guidance to other
judges hearing a similar case
The right of members of Congress to send
work related mail without paying postage
What is considered to be the first
constitution of the United States
 An oddly shaped voting district purposefully drawn to
increase/decrease the voting strength of a particular group
The civil service system is based on ______
and not personal connections
The term that describes a geographic area
covered by an appeals court
The Supreme Court decides if a law is
constitutional by a process known as
The guiding principal for all judges
Inspired colonists by publishing a pamphlet
called Common Sense
The voting body that elects the President
The tier of state courts that reviews decisions
of trial courts
The _____ Amendment states that people may
not be required to incriminate themselves
If a grand jury feels there is enough evidence to
proceed with a trial, they will issue an ________
The legal decisions that become part of
common law are known as _________
 A formal statement naming both the plaintiff and
defendant, as well as describing the nature of the lawsuit
 The process by which each side can check
facts and gather evidence before going to trial
People who act somewhat like judges by
reviewing cases and resolve disputes
Made up of the compliant and the answer
taken together
Document that notifies a person or group of
a lawsuit against them
Law based on court decisions rather than on
legal code
In criminal cases, the ________ is always the
plaintiff
_______ occurs when we lack the resources
to produce the things we want
When a job is broken down into several smaller
tasks that are performed by different workers
 The principle that shows how additional
satisfaction decreases as more units are consumed
If price changes have little effect on the quantity of
a product demanded, the product is said to have
Stockholders are not responsible for the debts
of the company illustrates the principle of
A product for which quantity changes very little
when prices change considerably is said to be
Resources needed to produce goods and
services
The role of consumer as ruler of the market
The owners of a corporation
 _______ demand means that each change in price
causes a relatively larger change in quantity demanded
Whom did the delegates unanimously agree should
preside over the Constitutional Convention
The concept that the law applies to
everyone, even those who govern
The committee headed by Roger Sherman
proposed
The _______ believed the Constitution should
provide protection for certain basic liberties
The first ten amendments to the Constitution
The _______ guaranteed that not even the
king or queen was above the law
The peaceful transfer of power that changed
the idea of government in England
The Mayflower Compact was an example of
The Boston Tea Party cause Parliament to pass
the Coercive Acts, which the colonists called
A crime that involves hurting a person’s
reputation by printing lies
Marked the beginning of colonial self-
government in America
A court order that allows police to search an individual’s
home and take specific items as evidence
A person found not guilty mau not be put on
trial again for the same crime
Many southern states practiced _______, or
the social separation of races.
Which amendment protects Americans from
unreasonable search and seizure?
What is needed before a citizen can be put on
trial for a serious federal crime?
The right of the government to take private
property for public use
 The sum of money used as a security deposit
to allow an individual to remain free until trail
A ______ is a document that tells a person or
group of a lawsuit against them
People from a representative’s district are
known as his or her
 A ______ committee is created to do a
specific job and exists for a limited time
Congress may not pass _______, which make an
act a crime after the act has been committed
Government projects and grants that primarily
benefit a members home state or district
If the President ignores a bill for ten days and
Congress is not in session, it is a __________
Another name for Clause 18, the “necessary
and proper” clause
Requires police to explain to the court why
they are holding a prisoner
Term for the help that members of Congress provide to
their constituents when dealing with the government
Senators can end a fillibuster with a 3/5 vote
in favor of
Completely unrelated items that are tacked
onto a bill
The basic goal of American foreign policy
The term for efforts to punish another nation
by imposing trade barriers
A state has as many ______ as the total of its
senators and representatives
To pardon an entire group of people, the
President may grant _______
Our country’s overall plan on how we deal
with other nations
 An agreement among a group of nations that
prohibits them from trading with a target nation
An appeals court can _____ a case, that is,
send it back to a lower court for a retrial
The Supreme Court claimed the power of
judicial review under which case ruling
A Justice who disagrees with the majority’s
decision may write a ______
The court calender
 The _____ opinion states the facts of the case, announces the
ruling, and explains the Court’s reasoning in reaching the decision
The first known system of written law
Roman emperors would issue _____, which
were command that were equivalent to laws
Serious crimes with serious consequences
are called _______
If a person is injured because of another’s negligence, the
injured person can file a _____ action
The Fifth Amendment states that people may
not be required to
A ______ decides if there is sufficient
evidence to formally charge a suspect
The study of law is referred to as
In criminal cases, the government is always
A law that punishes an accused criminal
without a trial or fair hearing in court
Police may obtain a search warrant of they
can prove they have
A court order that commands a person or
group to stop a certain action
People who act somewhat like judges by
reviewing cases and solving disputes
A plea of _____ means that the defendant does not
admit guilt, but will not fight the prosecution’s case
When the jury cannot reach a verdict, the
judge will declare
 Sometimes hired by private groups to represent their
point of view and influence government decision makers
The _____ is the party bringing the lawsuit
After a vote of ______, the defendant is
released