The Heart

• Cabrera Chunga Geraldinne.

• Grández Nuncira Claudia.
• Mundaca Rojas Cesar.
• Niquén Fiestas Sthefany.
The heart
 Human Heart Function

The heart circulates blood through two pathways: the

pulmonary circuit and the systemic circuit.

The heart contains electrical "pacemaker" cells, which cause it

to contract — producing a heartbeat.

Valves prevent backflow, keeping the blood flowing in one

direction through the heart.

Provides the body with oxygen and nutrients, as well as

assists in the removal of metabolic wastes.
 The heart is limited by the pericardium
The layers of the heart that protects the heart and separates it
from other organs

Epicardium • Infiltrated with fat

• Composed of cardiac muscles

Myocardium and is contracted to pump
blood

• Delimits the chambers of the

Endocardium heart
The chambers of the
heart

Auricles Ventricles
In the right atrium:
In the right ventricle:
The blood enters from
The blood passes to the
three veins: superior vena
lungs through the
cava, inferior vena cava
pulmonary trunk
and coronary sinuses

In the left atrium: In the left ventricle:

The blood enters through The blood passes to the
four pulmonary veins body through the aorta
 Valves control the flow of blood through the heart

The right atrium and

Heart valves

The tricuspid valve

the right ventricle

The right ventricle and

The pulmonary valve
the pulmonary arteries

The left atrium and the

The mitral valve
left ventricle

The left ventricle and

The aortic valve
the aorta
Pulmonary circulation

Systemic circulation
 A congenital heart defect is a problem with the structure of
CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE
the heart.

Signs and symptoms of severe defects

in newborns include:
Doctors use a
physical exam and • Rapid breathing
special heart tests to • Cyanosis - a bluish tint to the skin,
diagnose congenital lips, and fingernails
heart defects. • Fatigue
• Poor blood circulation
 A heart attack is a serious medical emergency in which
HEART ATTACK the supply of blood to the heart is suddenly blocked,
usually by a blood clot.

WARNING SIGNS

• Discomfort, pressure, squeezing, or fullness in the

chest that lasts several minutes or resolves then
returns
• Pain or discomfort in the arms, neck, back, stomach,
or jaw
• Sudden shortness of breath
 Angina pectoris—or simply angina—is chest pain or discomfort that
ANGINA PECTORIS
keeps coming back.

SYMPTOMS

• A pressing, squeezing, or crushing pain, usually in

the chest under your breastbone
• Pain may also occur in your upper back, both
arms, neck, or ear lobes
• Pain radiating in your arms, shoulders, jaw, neck,
or back
• Shortness of breath
• Weakness and fatigue
• Feeling faint