SHEAR FORCE and BENDING

MOMENT DIAGRAM and

THEIR APPLICATIONS
Manash Protim Gogoi (CIB14024)
Simanta Das (CIB14025)
Gargi Sarkar (CIB14026)
Ranita Ray (CIB14027)
Nihar Jyoti Gogoi (CIB14028)

Department of Civil Engineering

Tezpur University
SHEAR FORCE and BENDING MOMENT
DIAGRAM
?
• Diagram representing the shear forces and bending
moments at different points on a beam and how they
change across the beam.

• analytical tools used in conjunction with structural

analysis to help perform structural design by
determining the value of shear force and bending
moment at a given point of a structural element such
as a beam.
 SIGN CONVENSIONS
For Shear force

positive shear negative shear

force spins an force spins an
element
element
clockwise
anticlockwise
 SIGN CONVENSIONS
For Shear force

positive bending moment is to warp the

element in a "U" shape manner
How to draw SFD and BMD
Step 1: We compute the reaction forces R1 and R2 using equations of
force and moment equilibrium.

R1 = R2 = WL/6
Step 2: We take a section in between A and C at a distance x from A.
We consider the left side of the section

Step 3: We get the shear force equation by summing up the forces on the
left part of the section and bending moment equation by summing up
moments of those forces about the section.
SF = R1 BM = x.R1
= WL/6 = WLx/6
For x=0, SF=WL/6
BM=0
For x=L/3, SF=WL/6
BM= W L2 /18

Positive SF and BM is in positive Y-

axis
Step 4. We consider the section in between C and D.

SF = R1 - (x-L/3)W BM = x.R1-(x-L/3)W.(x-L/3)/2
= WL/6 - (x-L/3)W = WLx/6 – (x-L/3)2.W/2
= (L/2 - x)W
Step 5: For different values of x we get different SF and BM we plot the SFD

At point C, x=L/3; At SF=0,

SF=WL/6 x=L/2
At point D, x=2L/3; BM= 5WL2/72
SF=(-WL)/6
Step 6: Similarly taking section in between D and B and
considering right part we get the SF and BM diagram as-

SFD

BMD
Table for some standard cases
Some important guidelines

• Sign convention should be maintained

• Bending moment is maximum or minimum
where shear force is zero. But it is not
mandatory that shear force should be zero at the
maximum or minimum of bending moment.
• We should not confuse the SF with external load
applied and BM with the external moment
applied. SF and BM are the resisting force and
moment to the applied force and moments.
APPLICATIONS OF SHEAR FORCE
AND BENDING MOMENT
DIAGRAMS
Application of SFD and BMD to Find Deflection of a beam

E
deflection d=R-Rcos(Ө/2)

R can be obtained from- E/R=M/I= σ/y Flexure

Formula

Here, M(bending moment) can be obtained from BMD

M for
this case

BMD
 Application of SFD and BMD to Find Bending Stress
Suppose the dimensions of cross sectional area are given. So
we can find I as well as y.

σ = yM/I [From flexure formula]

At different cross sections

on the beam, this M can be
found out from BMD

For Maximum bending stress σmax ,M max is

required which is at the point where shear
force is zero.
 Application of SFD and BMD to Find Shear Stress
The shear stress at any point on a beam is given by
Q = b ( ymax – y) [y + ( ymax – y)/2]
τ = VQ/Ib b = breadth of the beam
I = area moment of inertia of the cross section
V = shear force

Can be obtained
by shear force
diagram
CONCLUSION
Shear force and bending moment diagrams can be
used to easily determine the type, size, and
material of a member in a structure so that a
given set of loads can be supported without
structural failure. With the help of them; the
deflection, bending stress and shear stress of a
beam can be easily determined using the
moment area method. They are easy to draw,
simple to understand and resources of a lots of
data.