Chapter 1

Introduction of breeding
Outline

Requirements of plant breeders

Evolution of crop species
Natural and human selection
Contribution of modern plant breeders
Requirements of plant breeders

The basic concept of varietal development is rather simple

and involves three distinct operations
• produce or identify genetically diverse germplasm from which segregating
breeding populations are developed

• carry out selection procedures on phenotypes or genotypes from within this

germplasm to identify superior genotypes with specific improved
characteristics

• stabilize and multiply these superior genotypes and release cultivars for
commercial production
Requirements of plant breeders
• Evolution • Agronomy
• Botany • Molecular biology
• Biology • Love for working in the field
• Genetics • Production
• Pathology • Management
• Weed science • Communication
• Food science • Information technology
• Biometry • Psychic
 https://www.texasbeyond
history.net/trans-
p/prehistory/images/agric

Evolution ulture.html
Botany
 Biology

http://passel.unl.edu/pages/informationmod http://www.newtonsapple.org.uk/mendels-peas-part-1/
ule.php?idinformationmodule=1075412493&t
opicorder=9&maxto=
 Genetics
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/gene-expression-central-dogma/central-dogma-transcription/a/intro-
to-gene-expression-central-dogma

http://www.biologydiscussion.com/crops/improvement/crop-improvement-selection-methods-with-
diagram/17663
https://mathbitsnotebook.com/Algebra2/Statistics/STstandardNorma
lDistribution.html
 Pathology phytopathology
nematology
entomology
virology

http://articles.extension.org/pages/18834/organic-farmers-and-the-disease-triangle

http://www.kasetkawna.com
 Weed science

http://agfaxweedsolutions.com/2016/11/21/california-rice- http://greensogna.com/r_n_d_e.html
red-rice-identified-8000-acres-2016/
 Food science

http://www.insurancejournal.com/magazines/features/2016/03/21/401888.htm

https://www.drinkpreneur.com/beverage-industry-news/beverage-innovations/food-science-technology-
conference-2017/

http://anti-aging-for-all.com/purple-foods-benefits/
Biometry

http://textroot.com/importance-statistics-
different-fields/ https://figshare.com/articles/_Frequency_distribution_of_the_phenotypic_value_of_six_traits_Frond_Length_Fro
nd_Width_Frond_Fascia_Width_Frond_Thickness_Raw_Weight_and_Base_Shape_in_F_2_population_/1427104
 Agronomy

http://www.vfarmers.com/agronomy/

https://www.israel21c.org/making-precision-agronomy-
accessible-to-all-farmers/
 https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/gene-expression-central-

Molecular biology dogma/central-dogma-transcription/a/intro-to-gene-expression-central-dogma

http://12.000.scripts.mit.edu/mission2017/genetically- https://www.slideshare.net/FAOoftheUN/marker-assisted-
modified-crops/ selection-55689355
Love for working in the field.

http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/step-by-step-
production/pre-planting/crop-calendar
Production

http://agrodaily.com/2015/07/17/cor
n-became-official-illinois-state-
vegetable/
http://plants.alaska.gov/SeedFoundation.html
 Management

https://practical-golf.com/how-to-see-the-golf-course-in-a-
whole-new-way/

http://agariogames.net/2017/04/13/project-time-management-programs-and-their-benefits/
 Communication

http://www.fruitnet.com/fpj/article/173180/agri-labour-activist-don-
pollard-passes-away
https://moneyhub.in.th/article/s
peculators-vs-investor/
http://www.isaaa.org/reso
urces/publications/pocketk
/13/default.asp
 Information technology

http://phylonetworks.blogspot.tw/2013/10/n
ext-generation-sequencing-and.html

http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/ricebreedingcourse/Marke
r_assisted_breeding.htm
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/
article/pii/S0168169915001088#f0005
 Psychic

https://www.chrisunwin.com.au/
https://thumb1.shutterstock.com/display_pic_with_logo/1614
news/article/927/chrisism-
554/409808830/stock-vector-climate-change-infographics-
409808830.jpg
Evolution of crop species

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_evolution
Why did hunter-gatherers become farmers?

about 10,000 years ago. Now

Lazy for hurting

Harvest what they want
Domesticated crop
Produce food to feed (selection)
animal from hurting
What crops were involved? And when did they arise?
Natural and human selection
adapted plant types
Natural “weedy” ancestors
The greatest
chance of survival,
reproduction, and
distribution of
progeny

Not good for survival in the wild

Better in cultivation
human “weedy” ancestors
crops that are more
uniform in the expression
of many of their
characteristics.
Contribution of modern plant breeders
Contribution of modern plant breeders
Contribution of modern plant breeders
Summary

• Be a good breeder

• Produce a better variety

• Decrease hunger
Thank you for your attention