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The problem of free vibration requires that the force vector {F} be equal to zero in either the stiffness, eq. (9.3),
or flexibility, eq. (9.7), formulations of the equations of motion.
For the stiffness equation with {F} = {0}, we have
For free vibrations of the undamped structure, we seek solutions of eq. (10.1) in the form
or in vector notation
where ai is the amplitude of motion of the ith coordinate and n is the number of degrees of
freedom.
The substitution of eq. (10.2) into eq. (10.1) give
or rearranging terms
The formulation of eq. (10.3) is an important mathematical problem known as an eigenproblem.
Its nontrivial solution, that is, the solution for which not all ai = 0,
requires that the determinant of the matrix factor of {a} be equal to zero in this case
Syaratnya determinanya = 0
Analogously, for the flexibility formulation, we have for free vibration from eq. (9.7) with {F} = 0,
Example 10.1. The building to be analyzed is the simple steel rigid frame shown in Fig. 10.1. The
weights of the floors and walls are indicated in the figure and are assumed to include the
structural weight as well. The building
consists of a series of frames spaced 15 ft apart. It is further assumed that the structural
properties are uniform along the length of the building and, therefore, the analysis to be made of
an interior frame yields the response of the
entire building.
Considering the first equation in eq. (10.12) and
substituting the first natural frequency, WI = 11.8 rad/sec, we obtain
Normal modes for Example 10.1. (al First mode. (hi
Second mode
Sistem MDOF Sederhana
Persamaan gerak untuk sistem MDOF sederhana, dapat diidealisasikan pada
struktur portal tingkat dua dengan gaya luar p1(t) dan p2(t) (gambar 8.1).
Gambar 8.1. (a) Struktur portal tingkat dua (b) gaya yang bekerja pada
kedua massa
• Pada idealisasi tersebut balok dan lantai adalah kaku.
• Massa yang terdistribusi pada seluruh gedung. akan diidealisasikan
terpusat pada bidang lantai.
• Asumsi tersebut umumnya sesuai untuk bangunan bertingkat.
• Pada gambar 8.1a diatas, portal tingkat dua dengan massa terpusat
pada setiap lantai memiliki dua DOF : perpindahan lateral u1 dan u2
pada kedua lantai dalam arah x.
• Gaya-gaya yang bekerja untuk setiap massa lantai mj dapat dilihat
pada gambar 8.1b., termasuk gaya luar pj(t), gaya elastic fSj dan
gaya redaman fDj.
• Gaya elastis dan redaman menunjukan arah yang berlawan, karena
kedua gaya tersebut adalah gaya dalam yang menahan gerakan.
Gambar 8.2. Free Body Diagram
8.4 Sistem Massa – Pegas – Redaman