Awareness Programme

on
Fire Safety & Fire NOC
Presented By:
L K Dungrani Associates
101-102 1st Floor Yash Plaza,
Nanpura, Surat
What we will Learn Today?

 History of the Accidents.

 Reason behind the Accidents.
 Prevention.
 Types of Fire.
 Types of Extinguishers and its uses.
 Requirement of Fire NOC under NBC Code and
Gujarat Fire Prevention and Life Safety Measures Act.
 Injury Statistics of India
 125 people die at workplace everyday
 46575 people are injured
 32% contribution to global fatality at work
 37% of global burden of occupational injury
 Huge property losses
 About 70% fires are caused by
electricity
 More prevalent in Industrial Units, business
houses.
Major Fire/ incidents in Surat Area
AREA WISE INDUSTRY WISE
 Pandesara 08
 Dyeing & printing
 Kadodara 09  Weaving
 Palsana 04  Embroidaries
 Yarn
 Udhna 04
 Texturising
 Puna Kumbhraria rd 02  Engineering
 V D rd 02  Chemicals
 Tution classes
 A K Rd 01
 Reastorents/Hotels
 Kim 04  Diamonds
 Karanj o3  Textile Traders
 Shoping Complex
 Varachcha 02
 Residance
 Hazira 06  Others
 Vesu 01
 Many more not known to me
What We Learn
From Past
Accidents?
NOTHING
हम चलेंगे साथ साथ
 Because, Somebody is waiting for you at
Home

क्ोंकक

कोई घर में आपका इं तजार (प्रतीक्षा) कर रहा है

Accidents

Definition
An unplanned, unwanted event
or happening which produces
injury, death or property damage.
 Unsafe Conditions
 Improper lighting,  Noisy machines
 Insufficient ventilation,
 Too much vibrations
 Poor housekeeping,
 No provision for dust
 Insufficient cleanliness
collecting system
 No guards to machines
 No provision for gas
 Unleveled floors,
scrubbing
 No railing to stairs &
 Unlabeled or damaged
floors
containers of hazardous
 Non provision or
substance
maintenance of safety
devices on vessels &  Improper tools and job
tanks specific equipments
UNSAFE ACTS
 Causes of Accidents
1.Unsafe Conditions 2.Unsafe Act / Practice
Acts of God (Exceptional)
(Non Preventable) Unsafe Conditions 20 %
Planned Efforts can Reduce Planned Effort can Prevent
Damages

20%

Unsafe Acts 80% 78 %

(Mostly Preventable)

90% of total Accidents are preventable

and are caused because of unsafe conditions or acts
Theory of Accident Prevention

1
Fatal
30
Lost Time
Accidents We Can Prevent
300
Recordable
Accidents

3,000
Near Miss

30,000
By Avoiding These
At Risk Behavior (Due to
Unsafe Acts & Conditions)
Reasons of Unsafe Conditions

Improper site selection of plant

Improper design, layout of plant &
machinery,
Non-provision of equipments,
Poor-maintenance,
Poor supervision,
Lack of training for safe working
Poor Discipline of employees
 Accidents can happen to anyone
Preventing accidents is everyone’s
responsibility
Safety starts with you
Accidents result from attitudes and
actions
Safety doesn’t happen on its own
You need to think and work safely

R
Types of Accidents In Industry
 Injury Due To Unguarded Dangerous
Parts
 Fire – Personal Injury and Property Loss
 Explosion – Massive Damage
 Accidents Due to Chemicals – Fire,
Explosion, Exposure
 Fall From Height
 Failure of Equipments- Pressure vessel, Lifting
Tool, Hand Tools
 Striking Against Object, Falling Objects
 Slip & Trip
 Electrocution-Shock
 Vehicular Accidents
Some Hazards of In Factories
 Dangerous parts of machinery
 Dangerous Electrical Wiring
 Toxic/Corrosive/ inflammable chemicals
 Platform or stair without railing
 Work place at height like roof, chimney, Skye Fold
 Unleveled – uneven floor
 Pressure Vessels & Plants
 Lifting devices, Tackles, Tools, Lifts, crane,
 Hot Objects
 Pressurized Gas Cylinders
 Gas Welding, Cutting
 Spray Painting
 Places without proper arrangement of emergency exit
HOW WE CAN ACHIVE SAFETY?

Prevention is better than cure

 1 - Elimination

4- Use of PPEs Hazard Control 2 - Substitution

3 – Engineering
Control
Some Engineering Controls

 Machine Guards
 Railings & toe Guards of platforms, stairs
 Dust Collecting System
 Gas Scrubbing System
 Noise Control-Absorption Arrangements
 Ventilation & Humidification system, A.C.
 Mechanical, Pneumatic etc Charging
System
 Auto Controls of System
Electrical Safety…

 Keep anything that could burn away from light bulbs,

portable heaters and toasters
 Turn off all appliances before leaving home
 Do not overload electrical outlets
 Discard power cords that are frayed, cracked or
damaged
 Check the cord’s amperage rating and make sure that
the total rating of appliances plugged into the cord is
not more than the cord can safely carry
 Smoke Detectors
An Important Part of Prevention

• Proper placement is vital part of early

activation
• Place detectors on each level of house and
near all sleeping areas
• Do not put detectors near kitchens, vents, or
fans—this will only trigger false alarms
 Testing

• You need to test your detectors often. An

inoperable detector is worthless in a fire!

• Monthly checks are recommended and batteries

should be replaced yearly.

• Detectors 10 years old or older should be replaced.

 Electrical Accidents-Statistics

 25% of all fires occur due to electricity

 About 25 deaths per day due to electrocution NCRB,
(India) (2011)
 42 % of total fires occur due to electrical
sources
 8% deaths that occur in Indian factories are due to
electricity
HOW THE FIRE OCCURS?
 Fire Safety is based upon the
principle of keeping fuel sources and
ignition sources separate
 The Fire Triangle
Three things must be present at the same time to
produce fire:
 Enough OXYGEN to sustain combustion
 Enough HEAT to reach ignition temperature

 Some FUEL or combustible material

Together, they produce the CHEMICAL
REACTION that is fire

Take away any of these things and the fire will be extinguished
THE FIRE TRIANGLE
 An ignition source can be:
 A Spark
 Static electricity
 Arc from electrical equipment, faulty or
otherwise
 A lit cigarette
 A hot light bulb
 Friction
 Fuel Classifications
Fires are classified according to the type of
fuel that is burning.

If you use the wrong type of fire extinguisher

on the wrong class of fire, you might make
matters worse.

Its very important to understand the four

different fire (fuel) classifications…
 Condition for fire
The Fire Triangle or Combustion Triangle is a
simple model for understanding the necessary
ingredients for most fires. The triangle illustrates
the three elements a fire needs to ignite: heat,
fuel, and an oxidizing agent (usually oxygen).
Fuel Classifications

 Fires are classified according to the type of fuel that is

burning.

 If you use the wrong type of fire extinguisher on the wrong

class of fire, you might make matters worse.

 Its very important to understand the four different fire

(fuel) classifications…
Classes of fire
Class A - fires involving solid materials such as
wood, paper or textiles.
Class B - fires involving flammable liquids such
as petrol, diesel or oils.
Class C - fires involving gases.
Class D - fires involving metals.
Class E - fires involving live electrical
apparatus. (Technically ‘Class E’
doesn’t exists however this is used for
convenience here)
Class F - fires involving cooking oils such as in
deep-fat fryers.
Class A - fires involving solid
materials such as wood, paper
or cloths and any other solid
material.
Class B - fires involving
flammable liquids such
as petrol, diesel or oils
Class C - fires involving gases.
Class D - fires involving metals.
Class E - fires involving live
electrical apparatus.
(Technically ‘Class E’
doesn’t exists however this
is used for convenience
here)
Class K - fires involving cooking oils
such as in deep-fat fryers.
Types of extinguishers
Water extinguishers
Foam extinguishers
Powder extinguishers
Carbon dioxide
extinguishers (CO2)
Wet chemical
extinguishers
Fire blankets
 Water extinguishers
 Water fire extinguishers have a class A
rating and are suitable for fighting fires
involving solid combustibles such as
wood, paper and textiles.

 Electrical equipment should be avoided

when using a water extinguisher (unless
water with additive are used). as water is
a conductor.
 Foam extinguishers

 AFFF foam fire extinguishers are highly

effective on class A and class B fires
(the foam agent helps to prevent re-
ignition).
 Some foam extinguishers have been
dielectrically tested to 35000 Volt
(35kV) and can be used on or near
electrical appliances.
 Powder extinguishers
 ABC powder fire extinguishers are
extremely versatile and can be used on
class A, class B, class C and electrical
fires.
 They are available in a range of sizes from
1 - 9kg and are ideal for application in
environments containing mixed fire risks.
However, there is a risk of inhalation when
using powder extinguishers indoors.
Powder fire extinguishers are therefore not
recommended for use within small rooms,
homes and offices.
 Carbon dioxide extinguishers
(CO2)
 CO2 fire extinguishers were originally
designed for use on flammable liquid fires
and therefore have a class B fire rating.
 They are ideal for electrical fires, as CO2
is not a conductor and they do not leave
behind any harmful residue.
 React Fast to Fire
• During a fire emergency, time is of the
essence. React fast to fire:
• Respond promptly. In a fire, seconds
count.
• Take nothing, don’t pause to get dressed or
to get valuables.
• Crawl under smoke.
• Feel doors before opening. Use back of
hand to check for heat, if hot don’t open,
look for second exit.
• Know two ways out of every room.
• Go immediately to your meeting place.
Never go back inside.
Fire Extinguishers

Remember this easy acronym when using

an extinguisher - P.A.S.S.

Pull the pin.

Aim the nozzle.
Squeeze the handle.
Sweep side to side at the base
of the fire.
 NOTE: If, when using a fire extinguisher, the fire is
physically larger than you can safely handle,
evacuate the area and call 911.
Requirement
for
Fire NOC
Industrial Buildings
 Law Hazard.
1. Covered Area up to 100 sq.mt.

 Fire extinguisher required

 Automatic Sprinkler System. (Required to be

installed in basement, if area of basement, if area
of basement exceeds 200 sq.mt.)

 Minimum 5000 ltr. Storage water at terrace & 1 hose

real. (Required to be provided if basement area
exceeds 200 sq.mt.)
Industrial Buildings
 Law Hazard.

2. Covered Area more than 100 sq.mt. and up to 500 sq.mt.

 Fire extinguisher required

 First aid Hose Real

 Down Corner(Required to be provided for building with height

above 15 m and above)

 Automatic Sprinkler System. (Required to be installed in

basement, if area of basement, if area of basement exceeds 200
sq.mt.)

 Manually Operated Electronic Fire Alarm System.

 Minimum 20000 ltr. Storage water at terrace & 1 hose real.

(Additional value given in parenthesis shall be added if basement
area exceeds 200 sq.mt. )
 Industrial Buildings
 Law Hazard.

3. Covered Area more than 500 sq.mt. (for building height up to 15 m)

 Fire extinguisher required

 First aid Hose Real

 Down Corner

 Automatic Sprinkler System. (Required to be installed in basement, if

area of basement, if area of basement exceeds 200 sq.mt.)

 Manually Operated Electronic Fire Alarm System.

 Minimum 20000 ltr. Storage water at terrace & 1 hose real. (Additional
value given in parenthesis shall be added if basement area exceeds 200
sq.mt. )
 Industrial Buildings
 Law Hazard.
4. Covered Area more than 500 sq.mt. (for building height above 15 m)
 Fire extinguisher required
 First aid Hose Real
 Wet Riser
 Yard Hydrant
 Automatic Sprinkler System. (Required to be installed in basement, if
area of basement, if area of basement exceeds 200 sq.mt.)
 Manually Operated Electronic Fire Alarm System.
 Automatic Detection and Alarm System.
 Minimum 75000 ltr. Storage water at Underground Static Water.
 Minimum 5000 ltr. Storage water at terrace & 1 hose real. Additional
value given in parenthesis shall be added if basement area exceeds 200
sq.mt. )
 Industrial Buildings
 Moderate Hazard.
1. Covered Area up to 100 sq.mt.
 Fire extinguisher required
 First aid Hose Real
 Automatic Sprinkler System.
 Minimum 10000 ltr. Storage water at terrace
& 1 hose real.
 Industrial Buildings
 Moderate Hazard.
2. Covered Area more than 100 sq.mt. to up to 500
sq.mt.
 Fire extinguisher required
 First aid Hose Real
 Automatic Sprinkler System.
 Minimum 20000 ltr. Storage water at terrace
& 1 hose real.
 Industrial Buildings
 Moderate Hazard.
3. Covered Area more than 500 sq.mt and up to 1000 sq.mt. (for height
up to 15 m)

 Fire extinguisher required

 First aid Hose Real
 Down Corner

 Automatic Sprinkler System.

 Manually Operated Electronic Fire Alarm System.
 Automatic Detection and Alarm System.

 Minimum 50000 ltr. Storage water at terrace & 1 hose real.

 Industrial Buildings
 Moderate Hazard.
4. Covered Area more than 500 sq.mt and up to 1000 sq.mt. (for height above 15
m)
 Fire extinguisher required
 First aid Hose Real
 Yard Hydrant
 Automatic Sprinkler System.
 Manually Operated Electronic Fire Alarm System.
 Automatic Detection and Alarm System.
 Minimum 100000 ltr. Storage water at Underground Static Water.
 Minimum 10000 ltr. Storage water at terrace & 1 hose real.
 Industrial Buildings
 Moderate Hazard.
5. Covered Area more than 1000 sq.mt.
 Fire extinguisher required
 First aid Hose Real
 Yard Hydrant
 Automatic Sprinkler System.
 Manually Operated Electronic Fire Alarm System.
 Automatic Detection and Alarm System.
 Minimum 150000 ltr. Storage water at Underground Static
Water.
 Minimum 20000 ltr. Storage water at terrace & 1 hose
real.
 Industrial Buildings
 High Hazard.
1. Covered Area up to 50 sq.mt.
 Fire extinguisher required
 First aid Hose Real
 Automatic Sprinkler System.
 Minimum 10000 ltr. Storage water at terrace & 1 hose
real.
 Industrial Buildings
 High Hazard.
2. Covered Area more than 50 sq.mt. and up to 150 sq.mt.
 Fire extinguisher required
 First aid Hose Real
 Automatic Sprinkler System.
 Manually Operated Electronic Fire Alarm System.
 Automatic Detection and Alarm System.
 Minimum 25000 ltr. Storage water at terrace & 1 hose
real.
 Industrial Buildings
 High Hazard.
3. Covered Area more than 150 sq.mt. and up to 300 sq.mt.
 Fire extinguisher required
 First aid Hose Real
 Wet Riser
 Automatic Sprinkler System.
 Manually Operated Electronic Fire Alarm System.
 Automatic Detection and Alarm System.
 Minimum 50000 ltr. Storage water at Underground Static
Water.
 Minimum 10000 ltr. Storage water at terrace & 1 hose
real.
 Industrial Buildings
 High Hazard.
4. Covered Area more than 300 sq.mt. and up to 500 sq.mt.
 Fire extinguisher required
 First aid Hose Real
 Wet Riser
 Yard Hydrant
 Automatic Sprinkler System.
 Manually Operated Electronic Fire Alarm System.
 Automatic Detection and Alarm System.
 Minimum 100000 ltr. Storage water at Underground Static Water.
 Minimum 20000 ltr. Storage water at terrace & 1 hose real.
 Industrial Buildings
 High Hazard.
5. Covered Area more than 500 sq.mt.
 Fire extinguisher required
 First aid Hose Real
 Wet Riser
 Yard Hydrant
 Automatic Sprinkler System.
 Manually Operated Electronic Fire Alarm System.
 Automatic Detection and Alarm System.
 Minimum 150000 ltr. Storage water at Underground Static Water.
 Minimum 20000 ltr. Storage water at terrace & 1 hose real.
 Storage Buildings
1. Below 15m in height and covered area less than
 Fire extinguisher required.
 First Aid Hose Real.
 Minimum 25000 ltr. Storage water at terrace & 1 hose real.
 Storage Buildings
1. Below 15m in height and covered area more than 250 sq.mt.
 Ground floor only
 Fire extinguisher required.
 First Aid Hose Real.
 Wet Riser
 Yard Hydrant
 Automatic Sprinkler System.
 Manually Operated Electronic Fire Alarm System.
 Automatic Detection and Alarm System.
 Minimum 50000 ltr. Storage water at Underground Static Water.
 Minimum 10000 ltr. Storage water at terrace & 1 hose real.
 Storage Buildings
1. Below 15m in height and covered area more than 250 sq.mt.
 Ground plus one floor
 Fire extinguisher required.
 First Aid Hose Real.
 Wet Riser
 Yard Hydrant
 Automatic Sprinkler System.
 Manually Operated Electronic Fire Alarm System.
 Automatic Detection and Alarm System.
 Minimum 75000 ltr. Storage water at Underground Static Water.
 Minimum 10000 ltr. Storage water at terrace & 1 hose real.
 Storage Buildings
1. Below 15m in height and covered area more than 250 sq.mt.
 More than Ground plus One Floor
 Fire extinguisher required.
 First Aid Hose Real.
 Wet Riser
 Yard Hydrant
 Automatic Sprinkler System.
 Manually Operated Electronic Fire Alarm System.
 Automatic Detection and Alarm System.
 Minimum 100000 ltr. Storage water at Underground Static
Water.
 Minimum 10000 ltr. Storage water at terrace & 1 hose real.
 Storage Buildings
1. Multi-Level Car Parking (MLCP)
 Fire extinguisher required.
 First Aid Hose Real.
 Wet Riser
 Yard Hydrant
 Automatic Sprinkler System.
 Manually Operated Electronic Fire Alarm System.
 Minimum 150000 ltr. Storage water at Underground Static
Water.
 Minimum 10000 ltr. Storage water at terrace & 1 hose real.
 Hazardous Buildings
1. Up to 15m in height
 Single Storey Building
 Fire extinguisher required.
 First Aid Hose Real.
 Wet Riser
 Yard Hydrant
 Automatic Sprinkler System.
 Manually Operated Electronic Fire Alarm System.
 Automatic Detection and Alarm System.
 Minimum 240 min fire fighting requirement Storage water at
Underground Static Water.
 Hazardous Buildings
1. Up to 15m in height
 More than one floor building but not exceeding 15m
 Fire extinguisher required.
 First Aid Hose Real.
 Wet Riser
 Down Corner
 Yard Hydrant
 Automatic Sprinkler System.
 Manually Operated Electronic Fire Alarm System.
 Automatic Detection and Alarm System.
 Minimum 240 min fire fighting requirement Storage water at
Underground Static Water.
 Minimum 50000 ltr. Storage water at terrace & 1 hose real.
Fire Extinguisher Training
PULL the pin
 AIM
LOW at the base of the fire
SQUEEZE
the lever
 SWEEP
from side to side
 REMEMBER!
Fire Prevention Is
Everyone’s
Responsibility
 Summary
• Remove all • Use proper PPEs
unsafe condition
• Eliminate the hazards
• Follow the safety
rules • Respect the
• Know the hazards management vision
• Use sop • Look for your family
• Tool box talk
• Develop good
work habit
OR
• Good
housekeeping •
Lastly……………………
 Summary

Accidents can happen to anyone

Preventing accidents is everyone’s
responsibility
Safety starts with you
Accidents result from attitudes and
actions
Safety doesn’t happen on its own
You need to think and work safely

R
 हमें आपकी
सहायता करने में
अधिक प्रसन्नता
होगी
Any Question?
 Management Advisor
&
Dy. Director Industrial Safety & Health (Retd)
1st Floor, Yash Plaza, Besides Surat MRI, Opp, Allahabad Bank,
Athugar Street, Nanpura, Surat -395001
Ph.: 9825539954, 9825178778
Email: lkdungrani@gmail.com

THANK YOU
L K DUNGRANI ASSOCIATES