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PHILIPPINE HISTORY:
POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
LET’S PLAY A GAME !
PHILIPPINE REGIONS AND CITIES
MGA REHIYON AT LALAWIGAN SA
PILIPINAS
1 ILOCOS REGION
PROVINCES
Capital
No. of
Cities • Population
(201 • Area
(km2 ) •I Pop.
(per km2)
density
• Governor
O)
•
ILOCOS REGION—TOBACCO CAPITAL
Location: A land with a narrow coastal strip that stretches from
Lingayen Gulf to Cape Boreador in the North. It faces the South
China Sea in the west and Malaya range in the east
Topography: The region resembles a slim, elongated hook in the
western rib of Luzon. The eastern part is hilly and mountainous;
while the western part is a flatland stretching from the north down
to the province of Pangasinan. The coasts lack good harbors and
the shoreline is shallow and the bays are unprotected.
Climate: In general, warm weather prevails in most parts of the
region, although it has rainy seasons.
Economy: Farming remains the principal livelihood. People are
engaged in livestock and practice crop diversification. They are
also into weaving and pottery. Tobacco is the major commercial
crop. The region also boasts of its vast fishery resources and salt-
industry.
2 Cagayan Valley
PROVINCES
Province * Capital &
..
Population
(2010)17
&
~I --
s
CAGAYAN VALLEY—WHERE THE MIGHTY RIVER
FLOWS
Location: It is at the northeastern portion of Luzon
Topography: Cagayan Valley has a depressed central portion
where mountain streams flow directly into the Cagayan River, the
longest river in the country. The region has over 890 kilometers of
coastline and rich fishing grounds. About 50% of the regional land
mass is agricultural. 40% is forestlands.
Climate: It is relatively dry from November to April, and wet for the
rest of the year, except for Batanes, which is practically wet the
whole year round.
Economy: It produces rice, corn, and bulbs like garlic, onion and
ginger. Tobacco is the major cash crop. Rattan basketry, which is
endemic to Nueva Viscaya, is another profitable livelihood activity.
The region also produces native soft brooms that are sold in NCR
markets. Isabel used to be a leader in wood industry but it has
declined over the years due to log ban in the region.
REGION
3 Central Luzo
PROVINCES
No.
* Capital
* of
Cities
*
Area
(km')
Population
(2007)
.
• Population
(2010)1
.
•
Governor
*
7]
Baler
Balanga City
0
,
.
3,147.3
2
1,372.98
173,797
557,659
"'
662,
153
201,233
687,482
Gerardo A. Noveras
Enrique T. Garcia Jr
Bulaca
n
City or Malo!os 3 2,774.85 2,234,088
+
2,826,93
6
2,924.433
Wilhelmlno M &;·
Alvarado
-
Nueva
Palayan City 5 5,751.3 1,659,883 1,853,85 1,955,373 Aurelio M. umal!
3 3
"'''
City of San
\
Pampang 3 1,984.72 1,882,73 1,911,9 2,014,019 Lilia Pineda
a Fernando 0 51
•
Iba 3,529.40 433,538 534,443 Jun Ebdane
CENTRAL LUZON—RICE GRANARY OF THE
PHILIPPINES
Location: This region lies midway the northern and southern tips of Luzon. West
of the region is China Sea
Topography: It has a diverse topography. The agricultural plains are vast and
fertile, planted mostly with rice. It has also virgin forests and mountains that yield
precious ore and mineral resources. Its western portion features a coastal area
that stretches from the Bataan Peninsula, to Pampanga and to Bulacan. Its
active volcano, Mt. Pinatubo has changed the region’s landscape since it
erupted in 1991.
Climate: The region has two pronounced seasons; dry (November-April) and
rainy (May- October), except in Nueva Ecija, where it rains almost all year round.
Economy: It is one of the most progressive regions in the country. This progress
may be partly attributed to the former U.S. military bases of Subic and Clark,
which have been converted into free port investment sites. Bataan houses the
country’s major export processing zones. Zambales is the major producer of
chromite and other forest products. Nueva Ecija and Tarlac are the main rice
producers. Pampanga and Tarlac are also a major producer of sugarcane.
Fishpond culture also flourishes in Bulacan and Pampanga.
REGION 4-A
CALABARZON
PROVINCES
cavite
Trece Martires (de
6
. 1,287.
.
3,090,69~nito Victor c. Remulla,
~o) 6 Jr.
Laguna Santa Cruz 7 1,759. 2,669,84 Ramil L.
7 7 Hernandez
Batangas Batangas City 3 3,165. 2,377,395 Rosa Vilma Santos-
8 Recto
Rizal Antipolo 1 1,308. 2,484,840 Rebecca A. Ynares
9
Quezon Lucena 2 8,842.8 1,740,63 David C.
6 8 Suarez
"
•
CALABARZON
The region is in southwestern Luzon, just south and east of Metro
Manila and is the second most densely populated region.
CALABARZON and MIMAROPA were previously together known
as Southern Tagalog, until they were separated in 2002 by virtue of
Executive Order No. 103. Executive Order No. 246, dated October 28,
2003, designated Calamba City as the regional center of
CALABARZON. The largest city of the CALABARZON Region and the
second most highly urbanized city is Antipolo City, with Lucena
City being the first. CALABARZON is the most populated region in the
Philippines, with a population of 12,609,803 inhabitants.
It is predominantly an agriculture province and its major crops include
rice, vegetables, fruits, rootcrops, coffee, coconut and sugarcane. It is
endowed with rich offshore and coastal fishing grounds and fishing is a
major source of livelihood in the coastal towns. The crops produced are
rice, sugarcane and fruits, specifically citrus and lanzones. Metallic and
non-metallic deposit such as limestone, gypsum, clay, bauxite, copper
and gold are also considerably abundant here. And rich fishing grounds
REGION 4-B
MIMAROPA
PROVINCES
Population Area
Province Capital Governor
(2010)11] (km2)
I
Marinduque Boac 227,828 952.58 Carmencita 0. Reyes I
•
WESTERN VISAYAS—THE SUGAR CAPITAL
"
•
CENTRAL VISAYAS—THE PERENNIAL TRADE HUB
Location: Central Visayas span on both sides the belt of the Philippine Archipelago,
between the major Islands of Luzon and Mindanao. At the center is Cebu. The region is
surrounded by the Bohol Strait and the Tañon Strait, which separate the island provinces
from one another.
Topography: The region is characterized by interior highlands punctuated by narrow
coastal strips of land suitable for cultivation. It has limited arable farmland but sufficient
grazing land and some tracts of timberland. Bohol has the most unique topography:
farmlands are concentrated in the central interior, which is a plateau.
.
Econo'my: T his region is one of the country’s most progressive regions mainly because
of
Cebu, a trade hub since the time of the Spaniards. This is due to the location of Cebu,
which is at the center of the Philippines making it an ideal spot for commodity distribution
by sea or air. It has more domestic air and sea linkages than Manila, enabling it to
communicate with the rest of the archipelago. Several multi-national companies have been
encouraged to base their operations in Cebu, especially in Mactan Export Processing
Zone—the so-called “Ceboom” phenomenon. Bohol’s assets is their rich farmlands, vast
fishery resources and breathtaking scenic spots. Most of these islands are also exciting
destinations for eco-tourism and sports events
REGION 8
Eastern
Visayas
PROVINCES
•
ZAMBOANGA PENINSULA—LAND OF THE
BADJAOS
Location: Western Mindanao is in the northwest of the island of
Mindanao. It is bounded by Negros in the north, Sulu Sea in the west
and Lanao Provinces and Misamis Occidental in the east, and Mindanao
Sea in the south.
Topography: This region is rough and mountainous. Zamboanga del
Norte is mountainous in the northwest, while the coastal and central
plains are cultivated farmlands. Zamboanga del Sur’s vast farmlands lie
in the north.
Climate: The climate of the region is wet and dry. Zamboanga del Sur
has short dry season and a long rainy season. Zamboanga del Norte
and
Economy: This region relies on agriculture to feed its two million people.
The region has three of the most important fishing grounds in the entire
country: Moro Gulf in Zamboanga del Sur; Sindangan Bay in
Zamboanga del Norte; and . The region is also a tourist destination.
REGION 10
Northern
Mindanao
PROVINCES
. .• .• I .• .
• • •
No. of No. of No. of Income classification Area Population Density
Province/City Capital •
Cities Municipalities Baran gays (2010)151 (km•)l31 • 12010)1 (per km')
Bukidnon
1 Malaybalay City 2 20 464 1st class
161
10,498.5
9
11
1,299,
192
123.7 I
Camiguin Lanao Mambajao 0 5 58 5th class 352.2
237.95 83,807
del Norte Tubod 0 22 462 2nd class 181.7
3,346.5 607,917
MisamisOccidenta Oroquieta City 3 14 490 2nd class 276.2
7
l 567,642
Cagayan de Oro City 2 23 424 1st class 2,055.22 259.9
Misamis 813,856
Oriental
Cagayan de Oro City 1 80 tst 3,131.5
412.80 602,088
class 2
lligan City 1
44 813.3 322,821
tst class 7
•
NORTHERN MINDANAO—THE HINTERLAND
Location: This region refers to the provinces in the northern portion of Mindanao.
Topography: The region has long coastline. It has several mountain ranges:
Caballero and Mapoto mountain ranges; and Central Cordillera of Bukidnon.
Calabugao Plateau and the Maapag Plains in Bukidon and a chain of seven
volcanoes in Camiguin Island complete the varied topography of the region.
Northern Mindanao is cut by two seismic fault zones: one hits Camiguin and the
other hits Cagayan de Oro City.
Climate: Eastern part of the region has a wet season and a short dry season. It
is partly shielded from the northeast monsoon but is exposed to the tropical
storms that usually accompany the southwest monsoon.
Economy: This region is promoted as a main gateway in Mindanao, via Cagayan
de Oro City.The region’s rapid industrialization has been helped in some way by
low-cost hydroelectric power that is indispensable for the processing of raw
materials. The nucleus of the region’sprogress, however, remains concentrated
in its agricultural output. Bukidnon is a major producer of pineapple. Camiguin
continues to astound tourist with its main cash crop, the lanzones. Its extensive
fishing industry is also a key player in its development.
REGION 11
Davao
Region
PROVINCES
..
•
Population Area .. Pop. density
~ I Province/City ~ Capital .. (2010)11
.. (km2)[4J (per km2) ..
... ... ... .. ..
ICompostela Valley Nabunturan
l
687, 4,479.77 153.4 .
195
Davao del Norte Tagum City 3,426.97 276.0
945,764
Davao del Sur Digos City
574,91
f2, 265.7
Davao Occidenta Malita 0 163.98 135.8
Davao
Davao
l
Oriental
Mati City
t 293,780
517,618
2,163.4
5
91 .1
593.1
City 5,679.64
1,449,29
6 2,443.6
• 1
hi
.=t
_ Population Area Pop. density
Province * * (20 O)
* (km2) 131
* (per km2)
*
Cotabato I
Capital
Kidapawan r 1 111
1,226,508
r41
9,008.9 I 136.
Sarangani . Alabe~ 498,904
J
0 1
138.
, south Cotabato
Sultan Kudarat
= Koronadal
lsulan
827,200
747,087
3,601.25
5
210.
-i
•
CENTRAL MINDANAO---REALM OF MOUNT APO
•
CARAGA- SURFING CAPITAL OF THE PHILIPPINES
Location: This region is made up of the provinces found in northernmost section
of Mindanao. Its name is after the Visayan term “calag”, which means “soul” or
“spirit”.
Topography: This region is located on one of the most geologically unstable
zones in the world. Surigao is precariously perched on the edge of the Philippine
Deep. The region has numerous river systems, which includes the mighty
Agusan River, which waters and drains most of the region’s agricultural lands.
Skirting this river are wetlands, which constitutes Caraga’s ecosystem. These
wetlands harbor diverse species of flora and fauna.
Climate: Caraga’s location makes it vulnerable to the northeast monsoon, which
usually accompanies typhoons. There is not a single dry month. Rain is more
frequent in December and January.
Economy: This region boasts its cast natural resources that can be tapped for
development. Surigao del Norte has the biggest deposit of nickel, gold, iron,
sand and gravel in the region. Its waters also are teeming with marine life. The
agricultural lands yield rice, coconut and root crops. Surigao del Sur prides itself
for having the largest iron deposit in the world. The province is also rich in
marine and forest resources. Agusan del Sur is noted for its palm oil plantation.
ARMM
PROVINCES
Population
Area Population
Province .. Capital ... .. .. density
.. ... (km2) .. (2010)1 ..
11 (per km2)
.
t
Basilan tsabela Cityb 1, 293,322 256.
a 145.31201 4- 1
Lanao del Sur Marawi 933,260 ;-
3,872.912 241.0
Maguindanao I Shariff 5,970.51
11 2 944,718
c Aguak 21 158.2
1,600.41231 718,290--t
Sulu Joto 1 .087 448.8
'- 366 .550
Tawi-Tawi Bongao 41-r
.412 337.
• 1
•
AUTONOMOUS REGION OF MUSLIM MINDANAO—
THE ENCLAVE OF THE MUSLIMS
Location: ARMM is a dispersed region. Lanao del Sur and
Maguindanao are located in the mainland, while Sulu and Tawi-
Tawi are scattered south of the Zamboanga Peninsula.
Topography: The region has varied terrain, characterized by
rolling planes, valleys, lakes, mountains and island-grouping.
Sulu is practically covered by mountains, most of which are
volcanic in origin. . Basilan is less rugged in terms of topography.
Climate: The region has a short dry season. It is exposed to the
northeast monsoon. Only Lanao has a temperate climate, which
is cold and moderate. Basilan have an evenly distributed rainy
season.
Economy: ARMM is one of the poorest regions in the Philippines.
Smuggling remains a traditional practice to this day, along with
illegal fishing. Pilas Channel in Basilan, where fish like tuna,
mackerel and sardines abound
NATIONAL CAPITAL
REGION
PROVINCES/CITIES
Population as of
•
~ Area~ Incorporated (City) ~
2010[21
1,652, 38.55 1571
171
55.80 1962
1,489,04
Las Piflas 552,57
0 32.6 1997
3 9
Makati Mal 529,03 1995
ab 9 21.5
715. 2001
on 353,337 71
328,69 21.2 1994
Mandaluyo 9 6
ng 1996
424,15 21.5
Marikina 459,94
0 39.75
2 1995
1
Muntinlupa 249,13 10.7 2007
1 7
1998
Navotas 588,12 47.69
!
392,86
6 13.9 1947
Paraflaque 9 7
1995
Pa say 669,77 31.0
64,14
3 2.2
0 Not a
" 1
Pasig
Pateros City
7 5 city
2,761,72 166.2
0 0 1939
Quezo
San
• n
Juan 121,430
5.95
2007
644,473 53.67 2004
Taguig
575,35 47 02 1998
Valenzuel 6
NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION (NCR)—WINDOW
TO THE WORLD
Location: Along the flat, alluvial delta of the Pasig River
(Luzon)
Topography: Sixty percent of the region is non-agricultural
in nature.
Climate: NCR experiences two pronounced seasons; dry
(January–May) and rainy (rest of the
year)
'
' Economy: The economy of the NCR is anchored in
Manila, the country’s capital. NCR is the
heart of the nation’s financial, commercial, industrial,
political and cultural activities. Manila
Bay is the country’s finest and busiest due to international
and domestic trade.
CAR
PROVINCES/CITIES
Pop.
Population Area No. of No. of
Province Capital density Cities Governor
Seal 120101 (km2) municipalitieslA barangays
1241 (per km2) J
• •
* * * T
* * * T
*
Abra Bangue 234.733 3,975.6 59.0 27 (shOwj NIA 303 Eustaquio
d Bersamin
Benguet
I
La
o
@ Kalinga Tabuk
City
201,61
3
3,119
.7
64.6 7 (show! Tabuk 152 Joceleaa
c
"
•
NIR- SUGARCANE CAPITAL OF THE PHLIPPINES
Also known as Region XVIII, is a region in the island of
Negros composed of the provinces of Negros Occidental
and Negros Oriental with the highly urbanized city of
Bacolod in the Philippines.
Regions first came to existence on September 24, 1972 when the
provinces of the Philippines were organized into 11 regions by
Presidential Decree No. 1 as part of the Integrated
Reor•gan• ization Plan of President Ferdinand Marcos. Negros
•
Occidental
egros was assigned
Oriental became to Western
part of Visayas
Central (Region
Visayas VI)VII).
(Region whileOn
•1
N
I
May 29, 2015, President Benigno Aquino III issued Executive
Order No. 183, formally creating the region
Negros Occidental’s coastal area is rimmed with corral reefs and
shoals and dotted by mangrove swamps, and rocky beaches.