Random sampling

• Types of random sampling

• How random sampling is selected
• Actual probability & non probability sampling
 DEFINITIONS YOU
SHOULD KNOW

 Element: The object about which or from which

the information is desired, e.g., the respondent
 Sampling unit: An element, or a unit containing
the element, that is available for selection at
some stage of the sampling process
 Sampling Frame: List containing all the
elements from which you choose the sample
 Random Sampling

The process of selecting a sample that

allows individual in the defined
population to have an equal and
independent chance of being selected for
the sample.
 Different types of random
sampling

 CLUSTER RANDOM SAMPLING

 SYSTEMATIC RANDOM SAMPLING
 CLUSTER SAMPLING

 Cluster sampling is sampling in which groups,

not individuals, are randomly selected. All the
members of selected groups have similar
characteristics.
 Cluster sampling is more convenient when the
population is very large or spread over large
geographical area.
 Systematic random sampling

 In systematic random sampling the researcher

first randomly pick the first item or subject
from the population than the researcher will
select each nth subject from the list.
 The process of obtaining systematic random
sampling is much like an arithmetic
progression.
 STEPS IN RANDOM SAMPLING:
1. Identify and define the population.
2. Determine the desired sample size.
3. List all members of the population.
4. Assign all individuals on the list
consecutive number from zero to the
required number. Each individual must have
the same number of digits as each other
individual.
5. Select an arbitrary number in the table of
random numbers.
6. For the selected number, look only at the
number of digits assigned to each population
member.
7. If the number corresponds to the number
assigned to any of the individual in the
population, then that individual is included in
the sample.
8. Go to the next number in the column and
repeat step #7 until the desired number of
individuals has been selected for the sample.
TYPES OF PROBABILITY
SAMPLING
 NON – PROBABILITY SAMPLING

 Non-probability sampling is a sampling

technique where the odds of any member
being selected for a sample cannot be
calculated. It’s the opposite of probability
sampling, where you can calculate the odds.
For example
 one person could have a 10%
chance of being selected and
another person could have a 50%
chance of being selected. It’s
nonprobability sampling when
you can’t calculate the odds at all