UNLOCKING OF

TERMS
- it is the part of the land near the sea.
- solid mineral materials forming part of
the surface of the earth.
- process in which sediments, soil and
rocks are added to a landform or land
mass.
- recurring phenomenon that transfer
energy from one place to another.
BORDERS/OUTLINES = COASTAL AREAS
 Describe the coastlines.
 Why coastlines exhibit such
forms?
THE WORLD'S COUNTRIES WITH THE LONGEST
COASTLINES (TOP 10)
COUNTRY LENGTH
1) Canada 125,567 miles (202,080 km)

2) Indonesia 33,998 miles (54,716 km)

3) Russia 23,397 miles (37,65 km)

4) The Philippines 22,549 miles (36,289 km)

5) Japan 18,486 miles (29,751 km)

6) Australia 16,006 miles (25,760 km)

7) Norway 15,626 miles (25,148 km)

8) United States 12,380 miles (19,924 km)

9) New Zealand 9,404 miles (15,134 km)

10) China 9,010 miles (14,500 km)

 WHY DO YOU THINK
THE PHILIPPINES
TH
RANKED 4 IN TERMS
OF ITS COASTLINE
LENGTH?
Prepared by:
Ms. Shaelyn R. Del Rosario
I. Marine and Coastal Processes
A. Coastal Erosion
-corrasion
-abrasion
-hydraulic action
-attrition
-corrosion/solution
B. Sediment Movement Along Coasts
C. Coastal Deposition
II. Coastal Hazards
Coastal processes occur
where waves break on a
shore, not only on
ocean/sea coasts but also
on lakes/ponds.
 - is the wearing away of the land by the sea and
is done by destructive waves.
Common processes that cause coastal erosion:
-abrasion
-hydraulic action
-attrition
-corrosion/solution
 it happens when waves
pick up beach materials
such as rocks and throw
them against the base of
a cliff.
 The effect of waves as
they hit cliff faces, the air
is compressed into cracks
and is released as waves
rushes back seaward.
 is the process when waves
bump rocks and pebbles
against each other
leading to the eventual
breaking of the materials.
The process of
dissolving rocks and
minerals by seawater.
-Salts and acids in sea water
can react with rocks , slowly
dissolving them away.
As wave crashes on the
shore, the water pushes
sediment up the beach
and then pulls it back
down the beach as the
water slides back down.
When waves lose their
capacity to carry or
transport sediments
because of a reduction in
energy, they can and will
"drop" or deposit its
sediment load.
CAUSE OF
COASTAL
HAZARDS
 -physical phenomena that
expose a coastal area to
risk of property damage,
loss of life and
environmental degradation.
GROUP ACTIVITY
TOPIC: Cite ways/precautions CRITERIA:
in dealing with coastal CREATIVITY: 5 points
hazards through role playing. PRESENTATION: 5 points
MESSAGE: 5 points
TIME ALLOTMENT: 30 minutes
TOTAL: 15 points
PRESENTATION TIME:
maximum of 3 minutes
 Write your learnings by
constructing a 5-sentence
paragraph in a ½ sheet of
paper (crosswise).
I. Marine and Coastal Processes
A. Waves
B. Currents
C. Still-Water deposition
D. Biological Activity
E. Tides
o Waves are oscillations.
- A water particle moves in an elliptical orbit as a
wave passes and returns to its original position.
o Waves are usually caused by wind and
controlled by wind speed.
o Waves are composed of
the following:
- Height and amplitude
- Wavelength
- Trough
- Crest
LONGSHORE DRIFT
A process that consists of
the transportation of
sediments along a coast
parallel to the shoreline,
which is dependent on an
incoming wind direction.
LONGSHORE DRIFT
It causes a continual
reworking of
sediment on a beach
and translation
parallel to the shore.
- Are continuous flow of water in the
ocean.
o Some currents are surface currents while
other currents are much deeper flowing
hundreds of feet below the surface of the
water.
o Surface currents- caused by the wind.
o Deep currents- are caused by a number of
things including changes in the temperature,
salinity (how salty the water is), and density of
the water.

* Coriolis Effect
- Are continuous flow of water in the
ocean.
o Some currents are surface currents while
other currents are much deeper flowing
hundreds of feet below the surface of the
water.
- also known as rip tides or undertows
o result when water piles up on a beach, which is
also unstable.
o It is a fast-moving current that carries water away
from shore in a concentrated stream.
o It does not pull you under but does carry you out
to the sea.
-Due to the combination of
gravitational and centrifugal forces,
results in a twice daily rise and fall of
sea-level.
o The earth-sun system also produces
this effect, and the two are super-
imposed, resulting in a twice-daily rise
and fall , with variations throughout
the course of the moon’s orbit
(monthly).
When sea levels rises, areas that were
underwater get deeper (finer sediments
get deposited) and areas that were sub
aerial before might now be subjected to
marine erosion. We can often see erosional
features.
When sea level falls, it
exposes submarine areas.
o Storm surge is an abnormal rise of water
generated by a storm, over and above the
predicted astronomical tides.
o Storm tide defined as the water level rise
due to the combination of storm surge and
astronomical tide.
o Sea caves
o Sea arch
o Sea stacks
o Sea caves

Sea caves result where

an easily eroded piece
of rock is removed.
o Sea arch

A sea arch happens

when a sea cave or
two goes all the way
through.
o Sea stacks

If the arch collapses,

the seaward part is still
there and is a stack.
 What are the effects of
coastal processes?
How does it affect the
living things?
 Cite ways to prevent the
impact of land
development, waste
disposal, and construction
of structures on coastal
areas.
http://eschooltoday.com/natural-disasters/floods/facts-and-tips-on-flooding.html

http://imnh.isu.edu/digitalatlas/hydr/concepts/surfhyd/main/runwtr.htm

http://www.eoearth.org/view/article/153627/

http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/%28Gh%29/guides/mtr/hyd/smry.rxml

http://www.thameswater.co.uk/cycles/

http://generalhowitzer.hubpages.com/hub/Worse-Floods-in-the-Philippines

http://forthephilippines.blogspot.com/2010/02/typhoon-ondoy-death-toll-in-philippines.html

http://www.greenpeace.org/seasia/ph/News/news-stories/a-climate-of-tragedy-in-the-ph/

http://www.msn.com/en-ph/news/weather/five-worst-typhoons-to-hit-the-philippines/ss-BBgnnBc#image=15

http://core.ecu.edu/geology/woods/RIVERS.htm

http://www.scienceclarified.com/landforms/Ocean-Basins-to-Volcanoes/Stream-and-River.html#ixzz3cIKJLSNq

http://online.wr.usgs.gov/outreach/landpeople/students/cc_ppg.html

http://reviewearthscience.com/book/por-perm.php