SPANISH ERA

LITERATURE
 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
•Spaniards colonized the Philippines in
1565 during the time of Miguel Lopez
de Legaspi (333 years)
•Their arrival brought Spanish culture
and language editor

•Literature flourished during this

time
 CHANGES IN THE LIVES OF
THE FILIPINO
•built houses made of stones and
bricks

•used beautiful furniture like the

piano and used kitchen utensils
•carriages, trains and boats were
used as means of transportation

•had cockfights, horse races and

theatre as means of recreation
 CHANGES IN THE LIVES OF
THE FILIPINO
•embraced the Catholic religion

•changed their names

•they were baptized

•held fiestas to honor the saints,

the popes and the governors
PHILIPPINE
LITERATURE
DURING

SPANISH ERA
A. Spanish Influences in
Philippine Literature
• Alibata(1st Filipino alphabet) was
replaced by the Roman alphabet.

•Teaching of the Christian Doctrine

became the basis of religious
practices.
•Spanish language which became
the literary language during this
time lent may of it's words to our
language.

•European legends and traditions

brought here became assimilated
in our songs, corridos and moro-
moro.
•Ancient literature was collected
and translated to Tagalog and
other dialects.

•Many grammar books were

printed in Filipino like Tagalog,
Ilocano, and Visayan.

•Our periodicals during this times

gained a religious tone.
 B. THE FIRST BOOKS
*ANG DOCTRINA CRISTIANA
-first printed book
(Philippines,1593 in xylography)
-written by Fr. Juan de Palencia
(Tagalog) and Fr. Domingo Nieva
(Spanish)
-it contained the ff:
•Pater Noster(Our Father)
•Ave Maria(Hail Mary)
•Regina Coeli(Hail Holy
Queen)
•Ten Commandments of
God
•Commandments of the
Catholic church
. •Seven Mortal Sins
•Catechism
*NUESTRA SEÑORA DEL ROSARIO
-second printed book
(Philippines, written by Fr. Blancas
de San Jose)
-printed at UST Printing Press w/
the help of Juan De Vera
-contained of biographies of
saints, novenas and questions &
answers on religion
*LIBRO DELOS CUATRO
POSTPRIMERAS DE HOMBRE
-first book printed in typography

*THE PASION
-book about the life and
sufferings of Jesus Christ
-it has 4 versions of this in
Filipino(Pilapil, de Belen, de la
Merced, and de Guia version)
*ANG BARLAAN AT JOSEPHAT
-a biblical story printed in the
Philippines and translated to
Tagalog from Greek by Fr. Antonio
de Borja
-it is believed to be the first
Tagalog novel published in the
Philippines even if it's only a
translation
*URBANA AT FELISA
-a book by Modesto
Castro(Father of Classic Prose in
Tagalog)
-these are letters between two
sisters Urbana and Felisa
-it greatly influenced the
behavior of people in society
because the letters dealt with
good behavior
*ANG MGA DALIT KAY MARIA
-collection of songs praising the
Virgin Mary
-written by Fr. Mariano Sevilla,
1865
 C. LITERARY
COMPOSITIONS
*ARTES Y REGLAS DE LA LENGUA
TAGALA (Arts and Rules of the
Tagalog Language)
-written by Fr. Blancas de San
Jose and translated into tagalog
by Tomas Pinpin in 1610
*VOCABULARIO DE LA LENGUA
TAGALA(Tagalog Vocabulary)
-first Tagalog dictionary written by
Fr. Pedro de San Buenaventure in 1613

*COMPRENDIO DE LA LENGUA
TAGALA(Understanding the Tagalog
Language)
-written by Fr. Gaspar de San
Agustin in 1703
*VOCABULARIO DE LA LENGUA
PAMPANGA
(Pampanga Vocabulary)
-the first book in Pampanga written
by Fr. Diego in 1973

*VOCABULARIO DE LA LENGUA
BISAYA
(Bisayan Vocabulary)
-the best language book in Visayan
written by Mateo Sanchez in 1711
*ARTE DE LA LENGUA ILOKANA
(The Art of the Ilocano Language)
-first Ilocano grammar book
witten by Francisco Lopez

*ARTE DE LA LENGUA BICOLANO

(The Art of the Bicol Language)
-first book in the Bicol language
written by Fr. Marcos Lisbon in
1754
 D. FOLK SONGS
Folk songs became widely spread
in the Philippines. They truly
show the artistic feelings of the
Filipinos. They show the Filipinos'
innate appreciation for love and
beauty
Examples are:
•Leron-Leron Sinta(Tagalog)
•Pamulinawen(Iloko)
•Dandansoy(Bisaya)
•Sarong Banggi(Bicol)
•Atin Cu Pung Singsing
(Kapampangan)
E. RECREATIONAL PLAYS

*TIBAG
-means "to excavate"
-it reminds us about the
search of St. Helena for the
cross on which Jesus Christ died
*LAGAYLAY
-special occasions for the
Pilarenos of Sorsogon during
Maytime to get together
-praise, respect and offerings
of love to the blessed cross of St.
Helena on the mound she had dug
in
-participating ladies are chosen
and sometimes mother volunteer
their girls in order to fulfill their
vows made during an illness or for
a favour received
*THE CENACULO
-a dramatic performance to
commemorate the passion and
death of Jesus Christ
-two kinds: the Cantada and
the Habitada
-it is written in octosyllabic
verse w/ 8 verses to the stanza.
The full length version takes
about 3 nights of staging
*PANUNULUYAN
-presented before
12:00 on Christmas Eve
-a presentation of the
search of the Virgin Mary
and the St. Joseph for an
inn to delver baby Jesus
*SALUBONG (PANUBONG)
-an Easter play that
dramatizes the meeting of the
Risen Christ and His Mother
*CARILLO (SHADOW PLAY)
-a form of a dramatic
entertainment performed in a
moonless night during a town
fiesta or on dark nights after a
harvest
-it is made by projecting
cardboard figures before a
lamp against a white sheet
 -Various names:
•Carillo [Manila, Rizal,
Batangas and Laguna]
•Titres [Ilocos Norte,
Pangasinan, Bulacan, Capiz and
Negros]
•Titiri [Zambales]
•Gagalo/Kikimut
[Pampanga and Tarlac]
•Aliala [La Union]
*ZARZUELA
-considered as the "Father of
the drama"
-a melodrama in three acts
which dealt with man's passion
and emotions like love,
patience, hate, revenge,
cruelty, avarice, or some social
and political problems
 -originally performed by
travelling dramatic troupes
organized by royale mandate of
Governor Narciso Claveria to
stimulate dramatic
performances
*THE SAINETE
-a short musical comedy
popular during the 18th
century
-they were exaggerated
comedies shown between acts
of long plays and were mostly
performed by characters from
the lower classes
F. THE MORO-MORO
 -performed during town fiestas
to entertain the people and to
remind them of their Christian
religion
-plot: Christian princess or a
nobleman's daughter who is
captured by the Mohammedans.
The father organized a rescue party
where fighting between Morons
and the Christians rescue
 -Mohammedans were
defeated by some miracles of
Divine Intercession and the
Mohammedans are converted
into Christianity
 G. KARAGATAN
-a poetic vehicle of a socio-
religious nature celebrated during
the death of a person
-in this contest, more or less
formal, a ritual is performed based
on a legend about a princess who
drop her ring into the middle of the
sea and who offered her hand in
marriage to anyone who can
retrieve it
 H. DUPLO
-replaced the Karagatan
-a poetic joust in speaking
and reasoning. The roles are
taken from the Bible and from
proverbs and sayings
-usually played during
wakes of the deads
 I. BALAGTASAN
-a poetic joust or a contest
of skills in debate on a
particular topic or issue
-replaced the Duplo and is
held to honor Francisco
"Balagtas" Baltazar
 J. DUNG-AW
-a chant in free verse by a
bereaved person beside the
corpse of the dead
-person is chanting it freely
recites in poetic rhythm
according to his feelings,
emotions and thoughts
-it is personalized and usually deal
with the life, sufferings and
sacrifices of the dead and includes
apologies for his misdeeds
K. AWIT AND KORIDO
Awit Korido
•dodecasyllabic •octosyllabic
verse verse
•refers to •refers to
chanting narration
K. AWIT AND KORIDO
Awit Korido
• fabricated •usually
stories from
writer's legends or
imagination stories from
altough the
setting and European
characters are countries
European
 FLORANTE AT
LAURA

IBONG
ADARNA
 GROUP 1
•MARIDIN AGANA
•VANESSA CASTUERA
•JOYCE NIKKI DELFIN
•JERICO CARAJAY
•JOHN LERRY DELA CRUZ
• VICTORIE DELOS SANTOS
•HAROLD DOMINO
•ALLAIN DOROY
•MARK JOHN DUGAN
•EDMER ESTEBAN