Research Methodology

Mudita Mishra
 Types Of Research
1. Exploratory (discovery of ideas)
2. Descriptive (who/what/when/where/how)

This gap intentional

3. Causal (cause and effect; ‘why’; eg. income

affects ‘what’ above)

(These ‘types’ will come within the research

process; are a part of it.)
 Uncertainty Influences
The Type Of Research

CAUSAL OR COMPLETELY ABSOLUTE

CERTAIN AMBIGUITY EXPLORATORY
DESCRIPTIVE
 Degree of Problem Definition
Exploratory Research Descriptive Research Causal Research
(Unaware of Problem) (Aware of Problem) (Problem Clearly Defined)

“Our sales are declining and
we don’t know why.”
“Would people be interested
in our new product idea?”
“What kind of people are buying “Will buyers purchase more of
our product? Who buys our our products in a new package?
competitor’s product?”
“Which of two advertising
“What features do buyers prefer campaigns is more effective?”
in our product?”
What should be the first thing to do?

Decision on Research Method/Research Design?

Decision on Sampling?
Decision on Type of Research?
Decision of Field work?
Problem Discovery Problem Selection of
and Definition discovery Sample design
Sampling
Selection of
exploratory research
technique Probability Nonprobability

Secondary
Experience Pilot Case Data Collection of
(historical)
data
survey study study Gathering data
(fieldwork)

Editing and
Problem definition Data coding
(statement of Processing data
research objectives) and
Data
Selection of
Analysis processing

Research Design basic research

method Interpretation
of
Conclusions findings
Experiment Survey
Observation
Secondary and Report
Laboratory Field Interview Questionnaire Data Study
Report