PREPARED BY: SARATH.P.

S
E.E S5
INDRODUCTION
 ABOUT SMART GRID
 Smart grids are electricity network based on digital
technology that is used to supply electricity to
consumers via 2-way digital communication system.
 This system allows for monitoring ,analysis, control and
communication within the supply chain to help improve
efficiency, reduce energy consumption and cost and
maximize the transparency and reliability of the energy
supply chain.
 The smart grid was introduced with the aim of
overcoming the weakness of conventional electrical
grids by using smart net meters.
 Many government institution around the world have been
encouraging the use of smart grids for their potential to
control and deal with global warming ,emergency
resilience and energy independent scenarios.
 The entire smart grid system is automated for
tracking the electricity consumption at all the
locations.
 Grid architecture is also combined with energy
management software for estimating the
energy consumption and its associated cost for
specific enterprises.
 By providing consumers with information about
current consumption and energy prices, smart
grid energy management services helps to
minimize the consumption during high-cost,
peak demand times.
COMPARISON OF SMART GRID
OVER TODAY’S GRID
Existing Grid Smart Grid
•Electromechanical Digital
• One-Way Communication •Two-Way Communication
•Centralized Generation •Distributed Generation
•Few Sensors •Sensors Throughout
•Manual Monitoring •Self-Monitoring
•Manual Restoration •Self-Healing
•Failures and Blackouts •Adaptive and Islanding
•Limited Control •Pervasive Control
•Few Consumer Choice •Many Consumer Choice
ADVANTAGES OF SMART GRID
 Increased energy consumption information
available to consumers.
 Improved physical and operational security and
resilience against attacks or disasters.
 Increased energy efficiency.

 Improved reliability and safety.

 A reduction in peak energy demand.

 Integration of higher percentage of renewable

energy resources.
 Several environmental benefits.
 WSN(WIRELESS
SENSOR NETWORK) IN
SMART GRID
 A wireless sensor network can be defined as a
network of devices that can communicate the
information gathered from a monitored field
wireless links. The data forwarded through
multiple nodes, which monitor critical smart grid
equipments and are used to monitor and
respond to the changing condition in a proactive
manner.
 The WSN have been recognized as a promising
and complementary technology in smart grid
applications.
 Load monitoring and control ,fault detection
,automatic meter reading, distribution
automation are some of the features of WSN.
 The WSN is built of ‘nodes’ from a few to several
hundred or thousands, where each node is
connected to one sensors.
 Each such sensor network node has typically
several parts:- a radio transceiver with an internal
antenna, or connection to external antenna, a
microcontroller, an electronic circuit for interfacing
with the sensors and an energy sources, usually a
battery or an embedded form of energy harvesting.
 The cost of the nodes are similarly variable, ranging
from few to hundreds of dollars, depending upon
the complexity of sensor nodes.
 According to NanoMarkets, Companies like LG,
Whirpool have already announced their
commitment to building home appliances that are
smart enabled. Smart grid sensors will link these
appliances with smart meters, providing visibility
into their real-time power consumption.
WIRELESS SENSOR N/W NODES
 WSN-BASED SMART GRID
APPLICATION.
Generally they are classified into 3 groups.
 Consumer-side

 Transmission and distribution side

 Generation side

 Consumer-side WSN based Smart grid

application :- It have a direct relationship with
different type of customers. Customer side
application include advance metering
infrastructure, automated panel management
, building automation, process control
monitoring etc.
 Transmission And Distributed Side WSN based
Smart grid Application :- T&D side covers
overhead power lines, underground power
lines, and substations, and the applications
designed for this is a key role in smart grids,
since these system is responsible for
successful power transmission. Some
applications are underground cable system
monitoring, fault diagnosis, fault detection etc.
 Generation-side WSN based Smart grid
Application :- These application are generally
based on monitoring task. Some of them are
real-time generation monitoring, power quality
monitoring and distributed generations
 COMMUNICATION STANDARDS FOR
WSN BASED SMART GRID
APPLICATION
The Smart Grid will rely on several existing and
future wired or wireless communication
networking technologies. Some of them are,
1) Zigbee technology

2) WIMAX

3) PLC

4) IP based Network

5) 3GPP LTE
 CHALLENGES FACED BY
DESIGN OF WSN IN SMART
GRID
A. Resource Limitation Of Sensor Nodes.
B. Harsh Environment Condition and dynamic
topologies.
C. Security
D. QoS Requirements of Smart grid Applications
E. Packet Error and Variable link Capacity
FUTURE….
1) Smart Home/Smart Office
2) Military
3) Industrial & Commercial
4) Traffic Management & Monitoring
5) Structure Healthcare
6) Agriculture
7) Biomedical/Medical