ULTRASOUND

NAME OF GROUP :
1. OKTAVIAN TRI ANGGARA (2017.02.077)
2. ANGRAINI WULANDARI (2017.02.050)
3. ANIS MAISAROH (2017.02.051)
4. FERDIANSYAH DWI PUTRA (2017.02.061)
5. GILANG AKBAR SEJATI (2017.02.062)
6. INA WIJAYANTI (2017.02.064)
7. TRIWARIS SUBARYONO (2017.02.090)
8. ZAHARA SYIFA ANNISA (2017.02.093)
What is that ?
 Definition

 is an examination that aims to see the inside

of the body. This examination is most often used
to see conditions in the stomach, including the
uterus and fetus.

Ultrasound or
ultrasonography

 is a sound waves that have a high frequency

(250khz-2000 khz) then the results will be
displayed on the monitor screen.
 Function of ultrasound

In the case of pregnancy, Ultrasonography (USG) is used by an

obstetrician (DSOG) to estimate the age of the womb and estimate the
day of delivery. Ultrasound examination uses high-frequency sound
waves to take a picture of the body.
Medical ultrasonography is used in:
 Cardiology; see echocardiography
 Endocrinology
 Gastroenterology
 Gynecology; see gynecologic ultrasonography
 Obstetrics; see obstetric ultrasonography
 Urology
 Intravascular ultrasound
 Contrast enhanced ultrasound
 Advantages

1) Ultrasound does not use radiation, but sound waves that are
relatively safe as long as it is carried out by an expert are then
transferred into an image.
2) To find out the gestational age and knowing the growth and
development of a baby in the womb.
3) Identifying the existence of a miscarriage threat and identify
problems with the placenta.
4) The diagnostic value is high enough
5) No special preparation needed
6) No contraindications
7) Measuring amniotic fluid. Problems occur when the content of
excessive amniotic fluid or too little. Volume (amount of liquid)
can be calculated by ultrasound.
8) Fetal abnormalities. Not only abnormalities in the location of
the fetus in the womb but also many fetal abnormalities that
can be known by ultrasound, such as: hydrocephalus, anesefali,
cleft, heart abnormalities, chromosomal abnormalities
(syndrome down), etc.
9) Know the sex of your prospective baby.
10) Fast and safe
 Disadvantages

1) Ultrasound is only a tool that is not closed the possibility of not

giving information perfectly.
2) Ultrasound devices have problems in penetrating bone. For example,
the sonography of the adult brain is very limited.
3) Ultrasound performance is not good if there is gas between the
transducer and body organs observed, both of which have extreme
differences in acoustic impedance. For example, trointestinal gases
are often read by the pancreas because Ultrasound is difficult to
track, and does not allow for imaging the lungs.
4) Fat people are rather difficult
5) The method used is operator dependent. Skills and experience are
needed to obtain quality images and make accurate diagnoses.
 How Does It Work?

The transducer works as a transmitter

and also a sound wave receiver. The electric
pulses produced by the generator are converted
into acoustic energy by the transducer, which is
emitted in a certain direction on the part of the
body to be studied. Some will be reflected and
some will propagate and continue to penetrate
the network which will cause various echoes in
accordance with the network that it was
running.
Echo reflections originating from these
networks will hit the transducer, and then be
converted into electrical pulses and then
amplified and then shown in the form of light on
the oscilloscope screen. Thus if the transducer is
moved as if we are doing slices on the desired
part of the body, and the image of the slices will
be visible on the monitor screen.
 Continue
Each body network has a certain impedance accoustic. In
heterogeneous networks various echo will be generated, the network is said
to be echogenic. Being a homogeneous network has little or no echo, called
anecho or echofree. A fluid filled cavity is anechoic, for example: cysts,
ascites, large blood vessels, pericardial and pleural effusion.
Picture Ultrasound
THANK YOU