Cultural Awareness

NU1103 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LHey3FIyujQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yc6T9iY9SOU
What to expect from this session

 To understand the term ‘culture’ in relation to health

care
 To explore the influence of culture in relation to ourselves
& how this may influence the care we provide for others
 To be introduced to and understand the term ‘cultural
competence’
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jAsh3Kwr2YA
What comes to mind when you think
about the word culture?
 Define Culture

 ‘Culture is a fuzzy set of basic assumptions and values, orientations to life,

beliefs, policies, procedures and behavioural conventions that are shared
by a group of people, and that influence(but do not determine) each
member’s behaviour and his/her interpretations of the ‘meaning’ of other
people’s behaviour.’
 Spencer-Oatey (2008)

 ‘... the set of attitudes, values, beliefs, and behaviors shared by a group of
people, but different for each individual, communicated from one
generation to the next.’
 Matsumoto (1996)
Terminology

Diversity

Race

Ethnicity
Cultural variations

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u2a9OP3_-U0
“the systematic neglect of culture in health and health
care is the single biggest barrier to the advancement of
the highest standard of health worldwide”

Napier, Ancarno, Butler, Calabrese, Charter & Chatterjee

(2014)
Barriers to health Promotion/prevention
 Cultural competence

‘awareness, attitudes, knowledge and skills necessary for providing quality

care to diverse populations, is vital to a health care workforce that can
practice effectively in today’s society’
AACN (2008)
Cross, Bazron, Dennis, & Isaacs (1989) define cultural competence as
"a set of congruent behaviors, attitudes, and policies that come together in a
system, agency, or amongst professionals and enables that system, agency or
those professionals to work effectively in cross-cultural situations"
 A Model of Care

 The Process of Cultural Competence in the Delivery of Healthcare Services

Model is a model of cultural competence that defines cultural
competence as
"the process in which the nurse continuously strives to achieve the ability and
availability to effectively work within the cultural context of a client individual,
family or community"
Campinha-Bacote (1998)
 Cultural
awareness

Cultural Cultural
desire knowledge
Cultural
competence

Cultural
Cultural skill
encounter
Planning Strategies/services

 Who makes up our local communities?

 What do the statistics tell us?
 What questions should we be asking
 Better collaboration between service providers & communities
 Ensuring services are community based
 Culturally sensitive
 Raise awareness of availability of screening
 Assessment
Shared
Decision
Ethics Making

Clinical
management

Partnership
working

Transcultural Nursing
Health Action Transition Model
Promoting healthy lifestyles

 Tailor HP to the specific needs and individual resources of the relevant

patient or patient group
 Acknowledge diversity
 Empower & motivate patients to take the initiative for their own health &
wellbeing
 Actively involve patients in any lifestyle programmes that are developed
 Design health advice around existing evidence and proven techniques
 Interdisciplinary team working
 Publicise health and lifestyle related activities – highlight the benefits of
participation
Safeguarding

 Children
 Vulnerable adults
 Patient focused care
 Don’t make assumptions
 Challenge

 https://www.gov.uk/guidance/vulnerable-migrants-migrant-health-guide
References

 Rankin, S.H., & Stallings, K.D. (1996). Patient Education: Issues, Principles,
Practices, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven, 69.
 Mc Laughlin, L., & Braun, K. (1998). „Asian and Pacific Islander cultural
values: Considerations for health care decision-making.“ Health and Social
Work, 23 (2), 116-126.
 Campinha-Bacote, J. (2002) The Process of Cultural Competence in the
Delivery of Healthcare Services: A Model of Care. Journal of Transcultural
Nursing, Vol. 13 No. 3, July 2002 181-184 2002 Sage Publications
 Seedat, F., Hargreaves, S., & Friedland, J. S. (2014). Engaging new migrants
in infectious disease screening: A qualitative semi-structured interview study
of UK migrant community health-care leads. PLoS One, 9(10), e108261.
doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108261
 Ludwig, A. F., Cox, P., & Ellahi, B. (2011). Social and cultural construction of
obesity among Pakistani Muslim women in North West England. Public
Health Nutrition, 14(10), 1842-50.
doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1368980010003472
 Napier A.D., Ancarno C., Butler B., Calabrese J., Chater A., Chatterjee H. et
al. (2014). Culture and health. Lancet, 384(1) 607–39.