Separation

Of
Substances
What is Separation?

Separation means removal of

substances from a mixture of
two or more substances.

1) Separating stones from rice

2) Separating tea from tea leaves
3) Churning milk to obtain butter
Why do we separate substances?

To obtain two different, but useful

components
 Methods of Separation

Used for separating large sized

Handpicking impurities like stones and husk
from rice, wheat or pulses.

Used for separating grains from

Threshing stalks. Machines can also be
used for the process.
 Used to separate heavier and
lighter components of a mixture
by wind or by blowing air.
Winnowing
Example: Separation of lighter
husk particles from heavier
seeds of grain.

Used when components of a

Sieving mixture have different sizes.
Example: Pebbles and stones
removed from the sand.
Are there any other methods of
Separation?

Sedimentation

Lighter liquid

Heavier substance
Decantation
Filtration
Separation of solids from liquids either by using a
filter paper or a strainer. For example separating tea
from tea leaves using a strainer or separating mud
from water using a filter paper.

Strainer

Filter paper
 Evaporation

Evaporation is used when we want to get back a substance that

has been dissolved.
Example: Getting salt out of salty water
The salty water is put into an evaporating basin (or any shallow
dish such as a saucer). It is left in a warm place and the water
evaporates leaving behind the salt crystals.

Salt crystals left behind

after evaporation
 Condensation

Condensation is the process by which a substance

changes from the gas phase to the liquid phase

Water vapor condenses into liquid water Condensation on a window during a rain
after making contact with the surface shower
of a cold bottle
 Can water dissolve any
amount of a substance?
Water dissolves different amounts of soluble substances in it.

A saturated solution is one in which no more of that substance can

be dissolved.

More of a substance can be dissolved in a solution by heating it.

Now can you guess which method
should be used to separate the
following substances

Mixture of Pebbles
Stones from Grain
and Stones

Mixture of Dry Sand Mixture of Tea and

with Sawdust or Tea Leaves
Powdered Dry Leaves
 Ques.-Ans. Round
Q.2What is Separation?
Q.2Why do we separate substances?
Q.3 What are Methods of
Separation?
Q.4 What are Sedimentation?
Q.5 What are filtration ?
 References
NCERT Book For Class 6th
Internet