GLOBALIZATION

Presented By:
 Sahar Hamid
 Urooj Ahmad
 Ikram Gohar
 Shahrukh Ghulam Nabi
 GLOBALIZATION
“Globalization is the process by which all peoples and
communities come to experience an increasingly common
economic, social and cultural environment. By definition, the
process affects everybody throughout the world.”
 HISTORY
The origin of globalization can be traced back till the 16th
century when the West started to explore and discover for
the new worlds and continents, bringing the English to
India in form of East India Company, there first
multinational was born for us and the rest is recorded
history. The process of global economic integration was
perpetrated at the behest of World War II and the first Great
Depression, when the leaders of Britain and the US
fumbled with the idea of reconstructing the war-torn world
monetary system with a focus on favoring free of capital
internationally, turn endure a liberal, capitalist world at the
end of war to counter the shadows of Socialism and
Marxism. To promote the new monetary world order, a
conference was convened in July 1944, at Bretton Woods,
New Hampshire, to create the world's most powerful
institutions: the International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development (the World Bank), and the Internationally
Monetary Fund (IMF).
 DRIVERS OF GLOBALIZATION

The media and almost every book on

globalization and international business speak
about different drivers of globalization and they
can basically be separated into five different
groups:

Multinational Corporation
International Institute
Social Meida
 DIMENSIONs OF
GLOBALIZATION
 Economic Globalization
 Socio-Cultural Globalization
 Political Globalization
Economic Globalization:

Economic globalization refers to “the

intensification and stretching of economic
interrelations across the globe”

Political Globalization
Political globalization refers to “the
intensification and expansion of political
interrelations across the globe”
Socio-culture Globalization:

Cultural globalization refers to, “the

intensification and expansion of cultural flows
across the globe”
 FACTORS THAT HAVE
CONTRIBUTED TO GLOBALIZATION

 Containerization
 Technological change
 Economies of scale
 Differences in tax systems
 Less protectionism
 Growth Strategies of Transnational and Multinational
Companies
 ADVANTAGES OF GLOBALIZATION
 Financial and technical resources and expertise.
 Good business practices.
 Comforts of life.
 Infrastructure improvement
 Pluralism.

DISADVANTAGES OF GLOBALIZATION

 Increasing materialism and consumption

 Excessive expansion of credit
 Corruption and Crime
 The brain drain
 Family Fabric.
 EFFECT OF GLOBALIZATION
 Enhancement in the information flow between
geographically remote locations
 The global common market has a freedom of exchange of
goods and capital
 there is a broad access to a range of goods for consumers
and companies
 worldwide production markets emerge
 free circulation of people of different nations leads to
social benefits
 global environmental problems like cross-boundary
pollution, over fishing on oceans, climate changes are
solved by discussions
 International travel and tourism increases
 Worldwide sporting events like the olympic games and the
FIFA world cup are held
 EFFECT OF GLOBALIZATION
 More trans border data flow using communication
satellites, the internet, wireless telephones, etc.
 International criminal courts and international justice
movements are launched
 The standards applied globally like patents, copyright laws
and world trade agreements increase
 Corporate, national and sub-national borrowers have a
better access to external Finance
 worldwide financial markets emerge
 multiculturalism spreads as there is individual access to
cultural diversity. This diversity decreases due to
hybridization or assimilation
 POSITIVE EFFECT OF
GLOBALIZATION ON PAKISTAN

 Provide a higher income for people in third-world

nations
 Raise the standard of living of most of these people
from extreme poverty to moderate poverty, so that they
can eat more nutritious foods and have cleaner potable
water.
 With higher income also comes better education --
knowledge is being shared
 With better knowledge, better understanding about
health care, superstition, poor habits, and human rights
 Hopefully a better chance at world peace and less racial
and religious hatred.
 NEGATIVE EFFECT OF
GLOBALIZATION ON PAKISTAN

 Exploitation of Labor
 Job Insecurity
 Terrorism Activities
 Pollution
 Discourage for Local Industries
CONCLUSION

As globalization involves enterprises and workers of nearly all the

world's countries in the goods as well as in the service sector.
Consequently, the majority of the world's labor force is experiencing
the effects of international competition.

There is need for a coordinated and collaborative effort among the

South Asian countries to expand trade in the region.

Pakistan needs to diversify its exports base and shift from primary
agricultural products to more value added and industrial products.

Privatization will have to be placed at the top of the Government

agenda.

Pakistan should increase exports not only to earn more foreign

exchange but also to join the world community in globalization