By

Sanjana Ramachandran
Anusha B Kandikere
Shraddha
Vidhi M Jain
Bhoomika R
VIII ‘C’
Deforestation
 Deforestation
means clearing
trees in the forest
and using that
land for other
purposes.
Causes of deforestation
 The cleared land
may be used for
cultivation, building
houses and factories,
making furniture, or
using wood as fuel.

 Some natural cause

of deforestation are
forest fires and
severe droughts.
Consequences of
deforestation
 Deforestation increases the temperature and
pollution level on the earth.
 It increases the level of carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere.
 Ground water level also gets lowered.
 Deforestation disturbs the balance in nature.
 Rainfall and the fertility of the soil will
decrease.
 There will be increased chances of natural
calamities such as floods and droughts if
deforestation continues.
Desertification: The calamity in
which the fertile land gets converted
into desert is called desertification.
Biodiversity
 Itrefers to the
variety of plants,
animals and
microorganisms
found in the
area.
Conservation of forest and
wildlife.
 Forest and
wildlife can be
conserved by
setting up areas
like Biosphere
reserves Wildlife
sanctuaries,
National parks,
etc.
i) Biosphere reserves :- are large areas
of protected land for conservation
of biodiversity and the traditional life
of the tribal living there.

ii) National parks :- are areas reserved

for wildlife where they can freely use
the habitats and natural resources.

iii) Wildlife sanctuaries :- are areas

where animals are protected from any
disturbance to them or their habitat.
Biosphere reserve in India
Flora and fauna
 Theplants and
animals, found in
a particular area
are termed flora
and fauna of that
area.
Endemic Species
 Endemic Species are those species of
plants and animals found only in a
particular area and not found
anywhere else.
 E.g.:- Sal and wild mango are the
endemic flora of Pachmarhi. Bison,
Indian giant squirrel and flying squirrel
are the endemic fauna of this area.
Wildlife sanctuary
 Wildlife sanctuaries
are areas where
animals are
protected from any
disturbance to
them or their
habitat. The killing
or capturing of
animals in wildlife
sanctuary is strictly
prohibited.
National Park
 National parks :- are
areas reserved for
wildlife where they
can freely use the
habitats and natural
resources.
 E.g.:- Satpura
National Park is the
first Reserve Forest in
India.
Endangered animals

 An endangered species is any type of plant or

animal that is in danger of disappearing forever. If
a species, or type, of plant or animal dies out
completely, it becomes extinct.

 Eg:- Tiger is one of the many animals which are

slowly diminishing.
Project tiger
 Project tiger is a
protective
measure taken
by the
government to
ensure the
survival of tigers.
Ecosystem
 An ecosystem is made
of all the plants,
animals and
microorganisms in an
area along with non-
living components
such as climate, soil,
river deltas etc.
Red data book
 Thesource
book, which
keeps a record
of all
endangered
animals and
plants is called
red data book.
Migration
 Migration is the
movement of animals
from its own habitat to
some other habitat for
a particular time period
every year due to
climatic changes or for
breeding.
 Birds which fly very
long distances to reach
another land are
called migratory birds.
Recycling of paper
 About seventeen full grown trees
are required to produce one tonne
of paper.
 We should save, reuse and recycle
paper to save not only trees but
also to save the energy, water and
chemicals used to make paper.
Reforestation
 Reforestation is
the restocking
of destroyed
forests by
planting new
trees.