Identifying & Maximizing

Learning/Teaching Styles
 Personality

Personality is the way of

thinking, feeling and behaving
that makes a person different
from the other. (American
Psychiatric Association)
 Theories How the Personality
Develops
Psychodynamic theory posits that
human behavior is the result of the
interaction among various components of
the mind (the id, ego, and superego) and
that personality develops according to a
series of psychosexual developmental
stages.
 Theories How the Personality
Develops
Neo-Freudian theorists
focused more on the social
environment and on the effects
of culture on personality.
 Theories How the Personality
Develops
Learning theories, such as
behaviorism, regard individual actions as
ultimately being responses to external
stimuli. Social learning theory believes that
personality and behavior are determined by
an individual’s cognition about the world
around them.
 Theories How the Personality
Develops
Humanistic theory argues that an
individual’s subjective free will is the
most important determinant of behavior.
Humanistic psychologists believed that
people strive to become self-
actualized—the “best version” of
themselves.
 Theories How the Personality
Develops
Trait theorists believe
personality can be conceptualized
as a set of common traits, or
characteristic ways of behaving,
that every individual exhibits to
some degree.
 Four Temperaments
Sanguine Personality Type
• lively, optimistic, buoyant, and
carefree.
• love adventure and have a high risk
tolerance.
• poor at tolerating boredom and will
seek variety and entertainment.
 Four Temperaments

Phlegmatic Personality Type

• people person
• they seek interpersonal harmony
and close relationships.
• they preserve their relationships
 Four Temperaments

Choleric Personality Type

• a goal-oriented person
• very savvy, analytical, and logical
• they dislike small talk and enjoy
deep and meaningful
conversations.
 Four Temperaments
Melancholic Personality Type
• love traditions.
• women cook for men; men open
doors for women.
• they love their families and
friends
The Big Five Model of
Personality
 The Big Five
Openness
• "openness to experience.“
• enjoy adventure.
• they're curious and appreciate art,
imagination and new things.
• "Variety is the spice of life."
 The Big Five
Conscientiousness
• organized and have a strong sense
of duty.
• they're dependable, disciplined and
achievement-focused.
• they're planners.
 The Big Five
Extraversion
• social butterfly
• chatty, sociable and draw energy
from crowds.
• assertive and cheerful in their
social interactions.
 The Big Five
Agreeableness
• measures the extent of a
person's warmth and
kindness.
• trusting, helpful and
compassionate.
 The Big Five

Neuroticism
• people high in neuroticism worry
frequently and easily slip into
anxiety and depression.
• neurotic people tend to find
things to worry about.