Bell Ringer: March 5, 2013

Tell me as much as you can about

poetry. Think of poems you know,
what kind of poems there are, and
poetry terminology.
POETRY
POETRY
 A type of literature
that expresses
ideas, feelings, or
tells a story in a
specific form
(usually using lines
and stanzas)
POINT OF VIEW IN POETRY
POET SPEAKER

 The poet is the author  The speaker of the

of the poem. poem is the “narrator”
of the poem.
 Smart by Shel Silverstein
My dad gave me one dollar bill
'Cause I'm his smartest son,
And I swapped it for two shiny quarters
'Cause two is more than one!

And then I took the quarters

And traded them to Lou
For three dimes -- I guess he don't know
That three is more than two!

Just then, along came old blind Bates

And just 'cause he can't see
He gave me four nickels for my three dimes,
And four is more than three!

And I took the nickels to Hiram Coombs

Down at the seed-feed store,
And the fool gave me five pennies for them,
And five is more than four!

And then I went and showed my dad,

And he got red in the cheeks
And closed his eyes and shook his head--
Too proud of me to speak!
POETRY FORM

 FORM - the A word is dead

appearance of the When it is said,
words on the page Some say.
 LINE - a group of
words together on one
line of the poem I say it just
Begins to live
 STANZA - a group of
That day.
lines arranged together
KINDS OF STANZAS
Couplet = a two line stanza
Triplet (Tercet) = a three line stanza
Quatrain = a four line stanza
Quintet = a five line stanza
Sestet (Sextet) = a six line stanza
Septet = a seven line stanza
Octave = an eight line stanza
SOUND EFFECTS
RHYTHM
 The beat created by
the sounds of the
words in a poem

 Rhythm can be created

by meter, rhyme,
alliteration and refrain.
FREE VERSE POETRY
 Unlike metered  Free verse poetry is
poetry, free verse very conversational -
poetry does NOT have sounds like someone
any repeating patterns talking with you.
of stressed and
unstressed syllables.  A more modern type
 Does NOT have of poetry.
rhyme.
RHYME
 Words sound alike LAMP
because they share the STAMP
same ending vowel
and consonant sounds.
 Share the short “a”
vowel sound
 Share the combined
 (A word always “mp” consonant sound
rhymes with itself.)
END RHYME
 A word at the end of one line rhymes with a
word at the end of another line

Hector the Collector

Collected bits of string.
Collected dolls with broken heads
And rusty bells that would not ring.
INTERNAL RHYME
 A word inside a line rhymes with another
word on the same line or another word at
the end of a line.

Once upon a midnight dreary, while I

pondered weak and weary.

From “The Raven”

by Edgar Allan Poe
RHYME SCHEME
 A rhyme scheme is a pattern of rhyme (usually
end rhyme, but not always).

 Use the letters of the alphabet to represent sounds

to be able to visually “see” the pattern. (See next
slide for an example.)
SAMPLE RHYME SCHEME
The Germ by Ogden Nash

A mighty creature is the germ, a

Though smaller than the pachyderm. a
His customary dwelling place b
Is deep within the human race. b
His childish pride he often pleases c
By giving people strange diseases. c
Do you, my poppet, feel infirm? a
You probably contain a germ. a
ONOMATOPOEIA
 Words that imitate the sound they are
naming
BUZZ
 OR sounds that imitate another sound
ALLITERATION
 Consonant sounds repeated at the
beginnings of words

If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled

peppers, how many pickled peppers did
Peter Piper pick?
REFRAIN
 A sound, word, phrase “Quoth the raven,
or line repeated ‘Nevermore.’”
regularly in a poem.
SOME TYPES OF POETRY
WE WILL BE STUDYING
LYRIC
 A short poem
 Usually written in first person point of view
 Expresses an emotion or an idea or
describes a scene
 Do not tell a story and are often musical
 (Many of the poems we read will be lyrics.)
 HAIKU

A Japanese poem
written in three lines An old silent pond . . .
A frog jumps into the pond.
Five Syllables Splash! Silence again.
Seven Syllables
Five Syllables
NARRATIVE POEMS
 A poem that tells a Examples of Narrative
story. Poems
 Generally longer than
the lyric styles of “The Raven”
poetry b/c the poet “The Highwayman”
needs to establish
characters and a plot. “Casey at the Bat”
“The Walrus and the
Carpenter”
CONCRETE POEMS
Poetry
 In concrete poems, the Is like
words are arranged to Flames,
Which are
create a picture that Swift and elusive
Dodging realization
relates to the content Sparks, like words on the
of the poem. Paper, leap and dance in the
Flickering firelight. The fiery
Tongues, formless and shifting
Shapes, tease the imiagination.
Yet for those who see,
Through their mind’s
Eye, they burn
Up the page.
 Limerick
 The rhyme  There once was a clover
pattern is a a b b a named Kate,
with lines 1, 2 
and 5 containing Who sat on the edge of a
3 beats and plate,
rhyming, and 
lines 3 and 4 The fancy folk dined,
having two beats On foods of all kind,
and rhyming. 
Then tossed her at quarter
past eight.
FIGURATIVE
LANGUAGE
SIMILE
 A comparison of two things using “like, as
than,” or “resembles.”

 “She is as beautiful as a sunrise.”

METAPHOR
 An indirect comparison of two unlike things

 “All the world’s a stage, and we are merely

players.”
- William Shakespeare
 Hyperbole
 Exaggeration often used for emphasis.
 It is going to take a bazillion years to get
through Medical School.
 I ate the whole cow.
 He's 900 years old.
 I am so hungry I could eat a horse.
PERSONIFICATION
 An animal from “Ninki”
given human- by Shirley Jackson
like qualities
“Ninki was by this time irritated
or an object beyond belief by the general air of
given life-like incompetence exhibited in the
qualities. kitchen, and she went into the living
room and got Shax, who is
extraordinarily lazy and never catches
his own chipmunks, but who is, at
least, a cat, and preferable,
 OTHER
POETIC DEVICES
SYMBOLISM
 When a person, place,
thing, or event that has = Innocence
meaning in itself also
represents, or stands
for, something else.
= America

= Peace
Tone is the AUTHOR’S attitude
towards the audience, the subject,
or the character
You can recognize the tone/attitude
by the language/word choices the
author uses. His language will
reveal his perspective/opinion (that
is, whether it is positive/negative)
about the subject.
DESCRIBING TONE
Adjectives are used to describe tone
Have a healthy “tone vocabulary”
Consider some words that describe
tone.
– Sarcastic, sincere, embarrassed,
proud or frightened
The key to choosing the correct tone
is to carefully consider the author’s
word choice.
Mood is the overall
atmosphere of a piece of
literature
The mood is created by the
setting, the characters, and
their actions
Mood
Identifying the mood of a piece of writing
will depend on the number of descriptive
words you know to answer the question:
How did this paragraph, this passage, this
story make the character or make you feel?
What is the mood of this picture?
Mood: Example
During the holidays, my mother's house glittered with
decorations and hummed with preparations. We ate
cookies and drank cider while we helped her wrap bright
packages and trim the tree. We felt warm and excited,
listening to Christmas carols and even singing along
sometimes. We would tease each other about our terrible
voices and then sing even louder.

Mood:
Evidence: