• Introduction

• Theoretical/Conceptual Framework
• Statement of the Problem
• Significance of the Study
• Scope and Limitation
• Definition of terms
• INTRODUCTION
- Introduce your topic.
- Create some context and background.
- Tell your reader about the research
you plan to carry out.
- Explain why your research is
important.
- state the gap of your study
4 Main Parts of Introduction

• The Topic Sentence

• The Thesis Statement
• Supporting Sentences
• The Conclusion Sentence
• THEORETICAL/CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Theoretical Framework deals with

interrelated theories which must be presented
in more detail as they are not totally tangible.

Conceptual Framework is based on

generally accepted methods, practices, etc.
• STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
A problem statement is the description
of an issue currently existing which needs to
be addressed. It provides the context for
the research study and generates the
questions which the research aims to answer.

Broad Topic: Problems of Drug Addiction

Specific Topic: The Effects of Drug
Addiction to the Human Body
• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The significance of the study is a part of
the introduction of a thesis/research. It should
determine who benefits from the study and how
that specific audience will benefit from its
findings.
The significance of the study could be
simply reflected by the following two questions:
Why should my study be published? What
significant scientific contribution is my study
making to my field of research.
• SCOPE AND DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The scope identifies what topic the

researcher intends to cover. It names the
information or subject matter that the
individual plans to evaluate.
Delimitations are parameters that the
researcher makes to narrow his or her scope
of research.
• DEFINITION OF TERMS
This is the part of the research in which the
key or important terms in the study are clearly
defined.

Two Types:
1. Conceptual – the most general in nature. It
is usually the definition you get from the
dictionary as a reference
2. Operational – is the meaning or term as
used in a particular study.
 Related Literature
Locale
Foreign
 Related Studies
Locale
Foreign
 Synthesis
• RELATED LITERATURE
is composed of discussions of facts and
principles to which the present study is
related. It includes the following:
1. Books
2. Encyclopedia
3. Professional Journals
4. Magazines
5. Newspapers
6. Other publications
• RELATED STUDIES
are usually studies, inquiries, or
investigations already conducted to which
the present proposed study relates or has
some bearing or similarity. They are usually
unpublished materials such as:
1. Manuscript
2. Theses
3. Dissertations
• SYNTHESIS

means to combine a number of different

pieces into a whole. Synthesis is about
concisely summarizing and linking different
sources in order to review the literature on a
topic, make recommendations, and connect
your practice to the research.
• Research Design
• Research Respondents
• Sampling Techniques
• Research Instrument
• Data Gathering Procedure
• Statistical Treatment of Data
• RESEARCH DESIGN
Research design is a plan to answer
your research question. A good research
design ensures that the data you obtain will
help you answer your research question
more effectively.
In other words, it is the set of methods
and procedures used in collecting and
analyzing measures of the variables
specified in the problem research.
• RESEARCH RESPONDENTS
are those persons who have been
invited to participate in a particular study
and have actually taken part in the study.

RESPONDENTS

Answer/reply to
** Note! For quantitative
research
• SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
A sampling technique is the name or
other identification of the specific process
by which the entities of the sample have
been selected.

Most common:
1. Random Sampling
2. Purposive Sampling
3. Stratified Sampling
• RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
are measurement tools (for example,
questionnaires or tests) designed to obtain
data on a topic of interest from research
subjects.

1. Questionnaire – careful formulation of

research questions.
2. Tests – a means of measuring
knowledge, skills, feelings, intelligence,
or aptitude.
• DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE
is the systematic approach to
gathering and measuring information from
a variety of sources to get a complete and
accurate picture of an area of interest.
• STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF DATA

The term “statistical treatment” is a

catch all term which means to apply any
statistical method to your data.
In short it is a summary of the
procedure, including statistical methods used.
 This part summarizes the data
collected and presents its analysis. It
includes the explanation, implications, and
applications of the results of the data
collected.
 this is the last part of the research
which includes an overview of the research.
It consist the research findings, conclusions,
and recommendations.