MATTER CAN CHANGE IN MANY WAYS

• THESE CHANGES ARE CLASSIFIED INTO TWO

TYPES:

• PHYSICAL CHANGES

• CHEMICAL CHANGES
 PHYSICAL CHANGES
• MATTER HAS DIFFERENT PROPERTIES
 IN A PHYSICAL CHANGE WE CAN
CHANGE
• THE STATE OF MATTER
 IN A PHYSICAL CHANGE WE CAN
CHANGE
• THE SHAPE OF MATTER
 IN A PHYSICAL CHANGE WE CAN
CHANGE
• THE SIZE OF MATTER
 CHEMICAL CHANGES
• BURNING

• IN A FIRE, WOOD BURNS AND CHANGES INTO

A NEW SUBSTANCE CALLED ASH.
 CHEMICAL CHANGES
• RUSTING

• THIS METAL CHAIN IS CHANGING INTO RUST

AS IT REACTS WITH WATER AND AIR.
 FORCES
• THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF FORCES THAT ACT
ON OBJECTS
PUSH FORCES
PULL FORCES
FORCES CAN ACT FROM A DISTANCE
OR THROUGH CONTACT.
WHEN THEY ACT FROM A DISTANCE
THEY ARE CALLED NON-CONTACT
FORCES.
WHEN THEY COME INTO CONTACT
WITH THE OBJECT THEY ARE CALLED
CONTACT FORCES.
 NON-CONTACT FORCES
• MAGNETISM – IS A NON-CONTACT FORCE
THAT CAN EITHER ATTRACT OR REPEL
MAGNETIC OBJECTS.
 GRAVITY
• GRAVITY IS A NON-CONTACT FORCE THAT
PULLS OBJECTS TOWARDS EACH OTHER.
 CONTACT FORCES
• APPLIED FORCE IS THE FORCE SOMEONE OR
SOMETHING APPLIES TO ANOTHER OBJECT.
 BUOYANT FORCE
• WHEN AN OBJECT IS PUT IN A LIQUID THERE
IS AN UPWARD FORCE ACTING ON IT CALLED
BUOYANCY.
 FORMS OF ENERGY
• EVERYTHING WE DO NEEDS ENERGY.
 WE USE ENERGY TO DO OUR
HOMEWORK, TO PLAY, TO HEAT OUR
HOUSES AND TO MOVE A CAR.
LIVING AND NON-LIVING THINGS
NEED ENERGY.
NON-LIVING THINGS NEED ENERGY TO
WORK.
 TOOLS
• USE ENERGY FROM PEOPLE MOVING THEM.
 MACHINES
• MOST MACHINES USE ENERGY FROM
ELECTRICITY.
 SOME MACHINES GET THEIR
ELECTRICITY FROM BATTERIES.
MOST MEANS OF TRANSPORT USE
ENERGY FROM BURNING FUEL.
 KINETIC ENERGY
• MOVING THINGS HAVE KINETIC ENERGY.
 ELECTRICAL ENERGY
• ELECTRICITY IS ELECTRICAL ENERGY.
 CHEMICAL ENERGY
• ANY CHEMICAL CHANGE IN MATTER HAS
CHEMICAL ENERGY.
 LIGHT ENERGY
• THE SUN PRODUCES LIGHT ENERGY.
 SOUND ENERGY
• ANYTHING THAT IS MAKING A NOISE HAS
SOUND ENERGY.
 THERMAL ENERGY
• ANYTHING THAT IS HOT HAS THERMAL
ENERGY.
 SOURCES OF ENERGY
• THE ENERGY THAT WE USE EVERY DAY COMES
FROM NON-RENEWABLE AND RENEWABLE
SOURCES.
 NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES.
• COAL, PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS ARE
NATURAL MATTER.
 THEY WERE FORMED UNDER THE
GROUND A VERY LONG TIME AGO.
• THEY ARE NON-RENEWABLE SOURCES OF
ENERGY.
• THERE IS NEVER NEW COAL, PETROLEUM OR
NATURAL GAS.
• THEY ARE LIMITED AND THEY WILL RUN OUT
IN THE FUTURE.
• BURNING THEM TO GET ENERGY POLLUTES
AIR AND WATER.
COAL IS A BLACK SOLID.
PETROLEUM IS A BLACK LIQUID.
NATURAL GAS IS A MIXTURE OF
GASES.
 RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
• THE SUN, WIND, WATER AND BIOMASS ARE
RENEWABLE SOURCES OF ENERGY.
• THERE IS ALWAYS NEW WIND, SUNLIGHT,
WATER AND BIOMASS.
• THEY ARE UNLIMITED AND THEY WILL NEVER
RUN OUT.
• THEY DON´T POLLUTE THE AIR OR WATER.
 SOLAR ENERGY
• COMES FROM SUNLIGHT.
 WIND ENERGY
• COMES FROM MOVING AIR.
 HYDROELECTRIC ENERGY
• COMES FROM MOVING WATER.
 BIOENERGY
• COMES FROM BURNING ORGANIC MATTER
FROM PLANTS, CALLED BIOMASS.