FUNDAMENTALS OF CBRN DEFENCE

CBRN DEFENCE IN BATTALION OPERATIONS

OF-2
CPT VALDAS VALAUSKAS
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

FUNDAMENTALS OF CBRN DEFENCE

1.Concept and principles of CBRN defence
CBRN DEFENCE – BATTALION OPERATIONS
2.CBRN role in battalion planning process
3.Battalion CBRN capabilities and practical employment

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 AIM

To describe CBRN defence basic principles, capabilities

and functions at the battalion level in order to understand
how to protect own force, effectively support ongoing
operations and achieve end states.

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 OBJECTIVES

• To know doctrinal CBRN defence concept

• To understand tactical CBRN defence principles
• To know CBRN OFF responsibilities during MDMP
• To be aware of what CBRN capabilities should be at
battalion level and how to use it in the field

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 1st PART:
Concept and principles of CBRN
defence

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 CBRN threats

CBRN Weapons are defined as a fully engineered assembly designed for

employment by the armed forces of a nation state to cause the release of a
chemical or biological agent or radiological material onto a chosen target or to
generate a nuclear detonation.
CBRN Devices are defined as an improvised assembly or process intended to
cause the release of a chemical or biological agent or substance or radiological
material into the environment or to result in a nuclear detonation.
Counterforce
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targeting means to attack enemy targets with weapons in order to7
disarm an adversary by destroying its weapons before they can be launched.
 CBRN Defence Components

1. Detection, Identification and Monitoring

2. Information Management / Warning & Reporting

3. Physical Protection

4. Hazard Management

5. Medical Countermeasures and Support

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 Aim of CBRN Defence

The aim of CBRN defence is to help to prevent the

CBRN incidents, protect our forces from the effects
of CBRN incidents, and to take recovery actions,
so that forces are able to accomplish the mission
and maintain freedom of action in a CBRN
environment.

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 Definition of CBRN Defence

The plans, procedures and activities intended:

1. to contribute to the prevention of CBRN incidents;
2. to protect forces, territories and populations against
CBRN incidents and their effects;
3. to assist in recovering from CBRN incidents and their
effects.

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 CBRN Defence Concept

Three (strategic) pillars of CBRN Defence:

1. Preventing WMD proliferation and their means of delivery.
2. Protecting WMD attacks or CBRN incidents.
3. Recovering from WMD Attack or CBRN incidents.

Operational CBRN defence principles:

1. Avoid CBRN hazard.
2. Protect against its effects.
3. Recover from the consequences of a CBRN incident.

Tactical CBRN defence principles:

1. Contamination Avoidance.
2. CBRN Protection.
3. Decontamination.

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 CBRN Defence Concept

CBRN
incident

CBRN capability and competence

CBRN organization and specialized units
incident

Multinational exercises and operations

Pre-

CBRN intelligence gathering and analysis

Establish CBRN common operational picture
Establish CBRN risk and threat level
incident

Develop CBRN defence plan

During

PROTECT Implement warning and reporting procedures

Plan targeting process
Enhance CBRN combat training
Perform CBRN equipment acquisition
ATKŪRIMAS

ATKŪRIMAS
Recover

Recover
incident
Post-

Physical individual and collective protection

Decontamination, consequence and hazard

management

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 Tactical CBRN defence principles

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 Contamination Avoidance

Warning & Reporting ECHELON

level
CBRN Area Control Centre Army, Armed forces
CBRN Zone Control Centre National Command
Strategic Command

CBRN Collection Centre Land/Air/Navy Forces ACC

Regional Command
Corps
Divisions CC, SCC
CBRN Sub-Collection Brigade
Centre Main Operating Bases/ SOURCE LEVEL
Deployed Operating
Bases
Main Naval Bases/Ships
CBRN Source Level Battalion
Units
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 Contamination Avoidance

CBRN 2 report

SUB COLLECTION SOURCE LEVEL

CENTRE LEVEL

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 Contamination Avoidance

CBRN 3 report

SUB COLLECTION SOURCE LEVEL

CENTRE LEVEL

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 Contamination Avoidance

SUB COLLECTION SOURCE LEVEL

CENTRE LEVEL

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 Contamination Avoidance

CBRN 4 report

SUB COLLECTION SOURCE LEVEL

CENTRE LEVEL

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 Protection
1. Individual Protection
Individual protection is protection provided to an individual in a CBRN environment by
protective clothing and/or personal equipment.
2. Collective Protection
COLPRO is afforded by facilities or systems equipped with air filtration devices and air locks
which provide personnel with a CBRN hazard-free environment for performing critical work and
obtaining rest and relief in order to sustain combat operations.
3. Equipment and Materiel Protection
Equipment and materiel protection is protection of mission-essential equipment and materiel
from contamination, thus reducing equipment damage, spread of contamination and the need
for subsequent decontamination. All mission-essential land, maritime and air platforms and
equipment, that risk becoming contaminated, need to be covered and concealed, dispersed, or
otherwise protected.

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 Decontamination
Decontamination:
a. Passive Decontamination; Might be in Exam !!!
b. Active Decontamination.

Principles of Decontamination:
(1) As soon as possible;
(2) Only what is necessary or based on operational requirements;
(3) As close to the contamination as possible; and
(4) Prioritization.
Immediate, Operational, Thorough and Clearance Decontamination.

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 Decontamination
AA1 – assembly area 1
S1 – contamination identification
S2 – pre-wash
S3 – decontaminant application
AA2 S4 – waiting area for chemical reaction
S5 – decon with hot water
S6 – decon control
AA2 – assembly area 2

S6

S5

S4
LUP
S3
AA1

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S2
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 Tactical CBRN defence principles

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 2nd PART:
CBRN role in battalion planning
process

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 CBRN role in MDMP

CBRN OFF duties during MDMP

1. RECEIPT OF MISSION • CBRN officer reviews OPORD (FRAGO) main body and CBRN Annex J.
2. MISSION ANALYSIS • Determines CBRN threat level and Mission oriented protective posture
(MOPP).
• Identifies available CBRN assets and capabilities.
• Determines essential, specified, implied CBRN tasks.
• Determines constrains in time, space and resources.
• Advises COM regarding priorities and guidance.
• Formulates conclusions.
• Supports S2 planning process – meteo data, ENY CBRN capability
analysis, ENY NAIs, possible targets.
• Input into 1st WARNO.
3. COA DEVELOPMENT • Develops CBRN scheme of maneuver IOT support maneuver units
(sketch is recommended).
• CBRN Off input into Synchronization Matrix (CBRN attachments).

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 CBRN role in MDMP

4. COA ANALYSIS • Participate in War-gaming.

(War Game) • Assist S2 in ENY CBRN attack usage.
• CBRN conclusions and suggestions how to use CBRN assets in each COA
(Outputs, advantages).
5. COA • Participate in COA comparison briefing.
COMPARISON • CBRN advantages and disadvantages for each COA (IAW CBRN principles).
6. COA • Participate in decision briefing.
APPROVAL • Present to supported unit (Bn) staff approved CBRN plan.
• Input into 2nd Warning order.
7. ORDERS • CBRN input into BN OPORDER (Concept of CBRN Defence/or Annex J).
PRODUCTION

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 CBRN role in MDMP

CBRN Weapons or Devices – Threat Levels

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 CBRN role in MDMP

CBRN TIM - Threat Levels

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 CBRN role in MDMP
CBRN Defence Risk Analysis

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CBRN Defence Measures - General Guidance
CBRN role in MDMP

29
 CBRN role in MDMP

Mission oriented protective posture (MOPP)

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 CBRN role in MDMP

Annex J
1. CBRN threat level.
2. Toxic industrial material (TIM) threat level.
3. Mission oriented protective posture level (MOPP).
4. ENY CBRN doctrine or intent to use CBRN means.
5. ENY CBRN assets and capabilities (offense).
6. Attached CBRN defence units.
7. Tasks to maneuver and CBRN defence units.
8. CBRN C2 chain.
9. CBRN warning and reporting chain.
10. CBRN battle rhythm (CBRN SITREP).
11. Decontamination sites and NAIs (coordinates).

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 CBRN role in MDMP

Annex J
12. Authority to change threat and MOPP levels.
13. Toxic industrial material sites (coordinates).
14. CBRN COLPRO.
15. Medical countermeasures and support.
16. Decontamination of WIA personnel.
17. CBRN logistics and support.
18. CBRN training and drill (if the threat is considered to be high).
19. Radiation exposure limits (if radiation threat is considered to be high).
20. CBRN EOD.
21. Other.

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 3rd PART:
Battalion CBRN capabilities and
practical employment

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 Battalion CBRN Organization

ENG OFF

CBRN SGT CBRN SGT CBRN SGT

RECCE/DECON

CBRN team CBRN team CBRN team

3-5 pax 3-5 pax 3-5 pax

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 Battalion CBRN Organization
ENG OFF

CBRN SGT CBRN SGT CBRN SGT

RECCE/DECON

CBRN team CBRN team CBRN team

3-5 pax 3-5 pax 3-5 pax

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 Employment of CBRN capabilities
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 Employment of CBRN capabilities

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 Employment of CBRN capabilities

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 Employment of CBRN capabilities

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 Employment of CBRN capabilities

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 Employment of CBRN capabilities

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 Employment of CBRN capabilities

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 References
APP 45 (D) “Reporting nuclear detonations, biological and chemical attacks, and predicting
and warning of associated hazards and hazard areas (operators manual)”
AJP 3.8 A Allied Joint Doctrine for Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defence
NATO Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) Concept, 10 January 2011
ATP 3.8.1 VOL1 “CBRN defence on operations”
ATP 3.8.1 VOL2 “Specialist CBRN Defence Capabilities”
ATP 3.8.1 VOL3 “CBRN Defence Standards for Education, Training and Evaluation”
FM 3-100 “Chemical Operations principles and fundamentals”
FM 3-19 “NBC Reconnaissance”
AJP-3.14 “Allied Joint Doctrine for Force Protection”
FM 3-100 “Chemical Operations principles and fundamentals”
FM 3-5 “NBC Decontamination”
FM 3-7 “NBC Field Handbook”
FM 3-11 “NBC Defence Operations”
FM 3-11.21 “Multiservice TTPs for NBC Aspects of Consequence Management”

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 QUESTIONS ?

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