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SOLAR SYSTEM
SUN
PLANET EARTH
SEASONS OF THE EARTH
SOLAR SYSTEM
THE GLOBE
MAP
The study of geography like any other field
of knowledge uses certain tools and devices
to be thorough in its investigations and
attain its objectives.
Since the earth is the primordial concern of
geographic inquiry, it must be represented
in a geographic fashion through globes and
maps.
The Globe
It is either a map of the
earth or the sky.
It is used by the
geographers as the
closest representation of
the earth.
It is a scale model of the
entire earth made in such
a size that man cam see,
handle, and comprehend
all at one time.
Terrestrial Globe
Provides only the
graphic
representation of the
areas of the earth
without significant
distortion or
inaccuracy in shape,
direction, or relative
size.
Celestial Globe
Model of the
celestial sphere
intended primarily
to show the
position of the
stars.
Evolution of Globes
The most probable
earliest globe was
constructed by the Greek
geographer Crates Of
Mallus about 150 B.C
The globe of Crates
showed the then known
world located along the
shores of Mediterranean
Sea and extended into
Southern Asia.
Evolution of Globes
It also showed 3 other
continents, the
existence of which was
mere speculation.
Crate’s speculation
however, went too far
to predict the
existence of the
Americas and
Australia.
After the fall of the Roman Empire, the skills
of geography and astronomy were carried on
mainly in the Arab world. It was from this
region that globes were reintroduced into
Europe in the 15th century.
The city of Nuremberg in Germany became
the first major center of globe production in
Europe.
The earliest extant
globe made in
Nuremberg was a
celestial globe
made in 1444, and
belonged to the
mathematician and
cardinal Nicholas
of Cusa (1401 –
1464).
The Erdapfel, also
called as the Globe of
Martin Behaim made
in 1492, is the oldest
surviving terrestrial
globe. This globe is
now in the Germanic
Museum in
Nuremberg, Germany.
Today’s globes are made most commonly of
inexpensive cardboard or of more expensive plastic
or steel.
The amount of detail a globe can show depends on
its size.
However, for most purposes, a globe must be small
enough to be examined readily and, if need be, to be
picked up and moved about.
The Lines of the Globe
Is placed at 23 ½ degrees
north of the equator,
marks the northernmost
limit of the sun’s direct
vertical rays, which occurs
on June 23, also known as
summer solstice in
Northern Hemisphere.
Tropic of Capricorn
It the intersection of
longitude and latitude
lines on the globe or
map.
This is also the system
used by mapmakers all
over the world to locate a
place.
The Earth’s Grid System