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DESIGN
FIRST SEMESTER
EXERMINATION BY COURSEWORK
ONLY
Course Outline
– holistic approach
• Structural integrity:
– Can withstand the anticipated stresses for the
design period
Nature of a Structure (contd....)
• A structural material:
– is a constituent product with properties that
enter into structural calculations or otherwise
relate to the mechanical resistance and stability of
works and parts thereof and/or to their fire
resistance, including aspects of durability and
serviceability.
Nature of a Structure (contd....)
• Structural component:
– means components to be used as load-bearing
parts of works designed to provide mechanical
resistance and/or fire resistance, including aspects
of durability and serviceability.
Nature of a Structure (contd....)
• Structural kit:
– consist of structural components to be assembled
and installed on site. The assembled system made
from the structural kit is a “structure”.
Function of a Structure
• “Action”
– means a load, or an imposed deformation (e.g.
temperature effects or settlements).
• “Strength”
– is a mechanical property of a material, in units of stress.
• “Resistance”
– is a mechanical property of a component or a cross-section
of a member, or a member or a structure. “Effects of
actions” are internal moments and forces, bending
moments, shear forces and deformations caused by
actions.
Structural Design
• The designer’s core task is to conceive the
structure in accordance with the design brief,
relevant Standards, statutory requirements
and other constraints.
• Types of Structures
– Stresses and their accompanying deformations are
resisted by a structural system
Structural Systems
• The structural system may be elemental or
assembled systems.