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1)Define cardiovascular disease (CVD) and describe some of the risk factors for CVD.
2) Define cardiovascular fitness and describe some ways to measure it.
3) Understand how cardiovascular fitness contributes to lower risk of cardiovascular
disease and improved health and wellness.
4) Discuss how the FITT principles can be used to improve cardiovascular fitness.
5) Learn ways to monitor the heart and ways test for heart condition.
6) Learn how to take exercise heart rate.
6) Understand the difference between aerobic and anaerobic exercise.
Cardiovascular Fitness is:
The ability of the heart, lungs, and blood vessels to
function efficiently when a person exercises the body.
Why Is Cardiovascular Fitness
Important?
• It will increase your energy level • Forms more arteries in the heart
• It will help you feel and look good • Clears fats from the bloodstream
• Creates body fat loss • Lowers chance of atherosclerosis
• Helps with stress reduction • Strengthens the heart muscle
• Improves health • Decreases chance of heart disease
• Can extend your lifespan or stroke
• Improves self concept
Regular physical activity
benefits two body systems:
The cardiovascular system, and respiratory system.
Cardiovascular System: consists of
your heart (cardio), blood, and blood
vessels (veins, arteries and capillaries).
A cardiovascular system that works well
consists of :
1. A heart that pumps efficiently (e.g.,
more blood pumped with each heart
beat).
2. Blood that carries oxygen to tissues
effectively.
3. Unclogged blood vessels that allow
for effective delivery of oxygen.
Respiratory System: Your respiratory system includes
your lungs, and the air passages that bring air, including
oxygen, from outside of the body into the lungs. Inside
your lungs, oxygen enters your blood while carbon
dioxide is eliminated.
Cardiac Cycle:
• When you breath in,
oxygen is absorbed from
the lungs and by the
blood stream and
oxygenated blood is sent
to the left side of the
heart (red arrows).
• Heart diagram is shown
as if you were facing a
person’s heart.
• The right side of the heart
(blue) is responsible for
sending blood to the lungs,
where the red blood cells
pick up fresh oxygen.
• This blood is then returned
to the left side of the heart
(red). From here the
oxygenated blood is
pumped to the whole body
supplying the fuel that the
body cells need to
function.
Arteries and Veins
• The left side of the heart
forces oxygenated blood
away from the heart and
into the body through
ARTERIES.
1. Blood Pressure
2. Heart Rate
3. Resting Heart Rate
4. Recovery Heart Rate
Blood Pressure
Blood Pressure is the force of blood against the artery walls.
Normal blood pressure is around 120/80.
• The higher # (120) is called Systolic - this is your heart
contracting to pump blood.
• The lower # (80) is called Diastolic – this is your heart
refilling or relaxing between beats.
Heart Rate
Heart Rate or Pulse - The pressure of blood on the artery wall
due to heartbeat. Take pulse at Carotid Artery (neck) or wrist.
On Neck- place first and second fingers on side of jaw.
On Wrist - place 3 inside fingers on thumb side of wrist with
palm facing up. Average Heart Rate is 70 beats per minute.