TOPIC DEFENSE

Fonseca, Jonaselle
Fullon, Kevin Ace
G a r i n , Ly r e n e
Mesina, Iandrick
Quintos, Ralph Erick
 PROBLEMS:
A. Huge amount of plastic bottles
 By 2025, the world’s ocean will contain nearly 250 million metric tons of
plastic.
Philippines- generates 2.7 million metric tons of plastic waste leakage each
year.
• Metro Manila- 12 million people (2018 survey)
- More than 8,600 tons of waste per day are generated.
• Unilever, Nestlé, Procter & Gamble, Colgate-Palmolive, and PT Torabika
Eka Semesta- biggest sources of plastic wastes.

Reference: environews.ph
Reference: Environmental
Management Bureau- DENR
NCR
AV ER AGE DAILY WAST E GEN ER AT ION IN M ET RO M AN ILA
(2 0 1 8)
Waste generated Waste generated
Municipality/City Municipality/City
(tons/day) (tons/day)
Caloocan City 913 Quezon City 3,152

Valenzuela City 208 Marikina City 460

Malabon City 304 San Juan City 54

Navotas City 79 Pasig City 411

City of Manila 1,175 Mandaluyong City 279

Makati City 513 Municipality of Pateros 14

Pasay City 362 Taguig City 81

Paranaque City 580 Muntinlupa City 219

Las Pinas City 410

 PLASTIC WASTES
Metro Manila- produces 900
metric tons per square
kilometer, annually.
• 80 % of this are composed of
single-use plastic bags,
(Polyethylene
terephthalate bottles)

Reference: environews.ph
 PROBLEMS:
B. Disposal of oysters

Reference: Restore Pumicestone Passage

Binuangan Obando, Bulacan
 PROBLEMS:
C. Expensive cost of boulders
Material Requirements for Riprap:
1. Class A- stones with 15-25 kg, at least 50 % of it weighing
more than 20 kg. (₱2,512.32/square yard)
2. Class B- stones with 30-70 kg, at least 50 % of it weighing
more than 50 kg. (₱2,669.34/square yard)
3. Class C- stones with 60-100 kg, at least 50 % of it weighing
more than 80 kg. (₱2,931.04/square yard)
4. Class D- stones with 100-200 kg, at least 50 % of it weighing
more than 150 kg. (₱3,140.40/square yard)

Reference: DPWH Blue Book, Part 1

FACTORS TO CONSIDER FOR A SLOPE
PROTECTION:
• Type of soil

• Soil strength

• Slope geometry

• Condition of vegetation

• Percent compaction of soil

• Weather condition of slope face

• Increase in surface run-off over a slope

• Groundwater conditions
P O S S I B L E LO C AT I O N
TO CO N D U C T T H I S
R ES EA R C H :

PAYATA S R OA D,
Q U E ZO N C I T Y
METHODOLOGY:
A. Collecting of Plastic bottles

B. Cleaning and proper segragation of palstic

bottles

C. Collecting of oyster shells

D. Drying of oyster shells

E. Mixing of cement with a certain strength

F. Arranging (riprapping) of plastic bottles

G. Putting of concrete mix

THANK YOU
 MELTED
PLASTIC
BOTTLES AND
MOLDED AS AN
ALTERNATIVE
FOR STEEL
STIRRUPS
SECOND TOPIC
 FACTORS OF
CONSIDERATION IN THIS
TOPIC
PROPOSAL

Huge amount of plastic waste

(single-use only), particularly in
the cities of Manila.*
Impulsive cost of
reinforcements.

*Reference: Solid Waste Management Bureau

METHODOLOGY:

A. Collecting of Plastic bottles

B. Cleaning and proper segragation of

palstic bottles

C. Melting of palstics

D. Molding of plastics
 TESTS TO CONSIDER:
PLASTIC BOTTLES PARTICULARY (PET
BOTTLES HAS THE FOLLOWING
PROPERTIES:

A. Tensile Strength = 55 MPa

B. Modulus of Elasticity = 2.7 GPa

C. Elongation = 125 %

Reference: MATWEB (Material Property Data)

C E RTA I N L I M I TAT I O N S
WILL BE APPLIED
P R I O R TO I T S
ST R E N G T H A N D
OT H E R P RO P E R T I ES .
THANK YOU
WATER TREATMENT FOR
TULLAHAN RIVER
THIRD TOPIC
 36.4 km

Other
Waterways
Starts from
February Tullahan Quezon City
2019 River to Malabon

Manila
Bay “Metro
Manila’s most
polluted
river”

Reference: cnnphilippines.com
 Problem:

Excessive suds

Photo taken at Caloocan City Photo taken at Malabon

Reference: GMA Network

CONSTRUCTED WETLAND
COMPONENTS:

A. Basin

B. Water

C. Substrate (Sediments)

D. Vascular Plants- Bulrush

METHODOLOGY:

A. Design and construction

B. Transplantation and Startup

C. Operation and Monitoring

D. Sampling and Analysis

THANK YOU