FULBRIGHT SCIENCE SCHOOL

Dengue
AWARENESS
AUGUST 27, 2019
WHAT IS
AN ACUTE INFECTIOUS VIRAL DISEASE, ALSO KNOWN AS
“BREAKBONE FEVER.”
DENGUE IS A MOSQUITO-BORNE VIRAL INFECTION
CAUSING A SEVERE FLU-LIKE ILLNESS AND, SOMETIMES
CAUSING A POTENTIALLY LETHAL COMPLICATION CALLED
SEVERE DENGUE.
CAUSED BY FOUR (4) DIFFERENT VIRUSES.
 •DENGUE IS AN ENDEMIC
DISEASE, WHICH MEANS THAT
IT OCCURS REGULARLY IN
TROPICAL REGIONS OF THE
WORLD.
 How Does Dengue Spread?

The dengue virus is transmitted to humans via the bite of an infected mosquito.
The Aedes aegypti mosquito is the primary vector of dengue. The virus is transmitted
to humans through the bites of infected female mosquitoes.
AEDIS AEGYPTI
Aftervirus incubation for 4–10
days, an infected mosquito is
capable of transmitting the virus
for the rest of its life.
TRANSMISSION
 CHARACTERISTICS:
DENGUE FEVER IS A SEVERE, FLU-LIKE ILLNESS THAT
AFFECTS INFANTS, YOUNG CHILDREN AND ADULTS, BUT
SELDOM CAUSES DEATH.
 SIGNS &
SYMPTOMS
Mild Dengue Fever
High fever (40°C/104°F) is accompanied by the following symptoms:
 severe headache
 pain behind the eyes,
 muscle and joint pains
 fatigue
 nausea/vomiting
 swollen glands
 body rash that can disappear and then reappear
 Mild bleeding (such a nose bleed, bleeding gums, or easy bruising)

Symptoms usually last for 2–7 days, after an incubation period of 4–10 days after
the bite from an infected mosquito, it rarely involves serious or fatal complications.
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever
 Bleeding from the mouth, gums, or nose
 Clammy skin
 Damage to lymph and blood vessels
 Internal bleeding (leads to black vomit/feces)
 Lower number of platelets
 Sensitive stomach
 Small blood spots under the skin
 Weak pulse

Without prompt treatment, DHF can be fatal!!!

 Dengue Shock Syndrome
DSS is a severe form of dengue. It can be fatal.
Apart from symptoms of mild dengue fever, the person may experience:
intense stomach pain
disorientation
sudden hypotension, or a fast drop in blood pressure
heavy bleeding
regular vomiting
blood vessels leaking fluid

Without treatment, this can result in death!!

 TREATMENT
• There is NO specific treatment for dengue
fever.
• Effective treatment is possible if a clinical
diagnosis is made early.
 TREATMENT
For milder forms;
• Preventing dehydration
• Painkillers (such as Tylenol/Paracetamol)
PREVENTION AND CONTROL PREVENTING MOSQUITOES FROM
ACCESSING EGG-LAYING HABITATS BY
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND
MODIFICATION;
DISPOSING OF SOLID WASTE PROPERLY
AND REMOVING ARTIFICIAL MAN-MADE
HABITATS;
• covering, emptying and cleaning of domestic water storage containers on a weekly basis;
 • applying appropriate insecticides to water storage
outdoor containers;
• using of personal household protection measures, such
as window screens, long-sleeved clothes, repellents,
insecticide treated materials, coils and vaporizers
 4-S
• DOH REMINDS PUBLIC TO DO 4S VS DENGUE AS CASES START TO
RISE (Press Release/10 July 2019)
4-S stands for :
• “Search and destroy” mosquito-breeding sites
• employ “Self-protection measures” (i.e. wearing long pants and long
sleeved shirts, and daily use of mosquito repellent),
• “Seek early consultation”
• “Support fogging/spraying” only in hotspot areas where increase in
cases is registered for two consecutive weeks to prevent an
impending outbreak.
“Search and destroy”
“SEEK EARLY CONSULTATION
“Support fogging/spraying”
 Resources:

 https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dengue-and-
severe-dengue
 https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/dengue-transmission-
22399758/
 https://www.doh.gov.ph/press-release/DOH-reminds-public-to-do-
4S-vs-dengue-as-cases-start-to-rise
 www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/179471.php