1.Unvoiced 2.

Voiced
/p/ /b/
/f/ /v/
/ʃ/ /ʒ/
/t/ /d/
/θ/ /ð/
/k/ /g/
/tʃ/ /dʒ/
/s/ /z/
DIAGRAMS: the tongue and vowel
sounds
Consonant Sounds: placement of the
tongue
 1 /L/ 2 /R/
alive arrive
fly fry
light right
long wrong
collect correct
glass grass
lace race
lane rain
leader reader
led red
light write
load road
play pray
 Tongue twisters /l/ and /r/
1. Laura and Larry rarely lull their rural roosters to sleep.
/l ɔ: r ə ə n l æ r ɪ r eə l ɪ l u: l ð eə r ʊə r ə l r əʊ ɒ s t ə z t ə s l i: p/

2. There are free fleas for all the loyal royalty.

/ð eə ɑ: f r i: f l i: z f ɜ: ɔ: l ð ə l ɔɪ ə l r ɔɪ ə l t ɪ:/

3. It's the right light with the glimmer in the mirror.

/ ɪ ts ð ə r aɪ t l aɪ t w ɪ ð ð ə g l ɪ m ə ɪ n ð ə m ɪ r ə/

4. Collecting the corrections is the role of the elderly.

/ k ə l e k t ɪ ŋ ð ə k ə r e k ʃ ə n z ɪ z ð ə r əʊ l ə v ð ə e l d ə l ɪ:/

5. Jerry's berry jelly really rankled his broiling belly.

/ dʒ e r ɪ: z b e r r ɪ dʒ e l ɪ r ɪə l ɪ r æ ŋ k l d h ɪ z b r ɔɪ l ɪ ŋ b e l ɪ:/
Minimal Pair Exercises for Student Pairs A

Read your words from the list below to your partner, and he or she will mark down
which word is different.
Example: You hear "rim—limb—rim"; you write 2 in the space provided, as the
second
(limb) was different from the first and third (rim).

1. limb rim rim _______________________

2. belly berry belly _______________________
3. climb crime climb _______________________
4. lot rot rot _______________________
5. right light light _______________________
6. spoor spool spoor _______________________
7. boring boring bowling _______________________
8. flee free free _______________________
9. law raw law _______________________
10. jelly jerry jelly _______________________
Minimal Pairs B
Read your words from the list below to your partner, and he or she will mark down
which word is different, either the first, second, or third.

Example: You hear "rim—limb—rim"; you write 2 in the space provided, as the second
(limb) was different from the first and third (rim).

1. free flee free ___________________

2. spool spool spoor ___________________
3. raw law raw ___________________
4. bowling bowling boring ___________________
5. jerry jelly jerry ___________________
6. light right right ___________________
7. belly berry berry ___________________
8. limb rim limb ___________________
9. crime crime climb ___________________
10. rot rot lot __________________
Pair Dictation A

Read the following text to your partner. Repeat as many times as your partner
needs. Then, write down what your partner tells you. Ask your partner to
repeat if necessary.

Lucky Larry

When Larry lived in Alberta, he loved to ride the range. He regularly left early
in the morning and rode until he saw the lovely lake on his land. Larry then
required his horse, Lady, to wait while he ran into the lake and did several laps.
Luckily, the weather is rarely rainy in Alberta. So Larry could ride and swim
every morning. Lucky Larry!
Unit Three Pair Dictation B
Read the following text to your partner. Repeat as many times as your partner needs.
Then, write down what your partner tells you. Ask your partner to repeat if necessary.

Lucky Laurie

Laurie is a lawyer in the Northwest Territories. She loves law and writes many articles
about right and wrong. Lots of other lawyers like Laurie because she rarely loses a
case. Actually, Laurie was so popular that she ran in the provincial election.
Unfortunately, Laurie lost the election. But she believes that winning isn't everything.
Luckily, she learned that lesson early in life. Lucky Laurie!
Work with a partner and practice the following dialogue.
SITUATION: two friends are going to watch a play

Laurie: Hurry, Ronald, or we'll be late!

Ronald: All right, all right, Laurie! I'm almost ready.
Laurie: I'm really looking forward to the play, aren't you?
Ronald: Yeah, I am. But, Larry told me the play was really boring.
Laurie: Really? Well, Ryan loved it.
Ronald: That's good. Well, I read a review of the play late last night.
Laurie: And, was it a great review, Ronald?
Ronald: Absolutely! The actors, lighting, script, everything
received excellent ratings!
Laurie: Right on!
Place a finger against
your lips. Try to touch
your finger with your
tongue and breathe
out.
Now, add your voice.
 /θ/ 1 /ð/2
thank /θæŋk/ that /ðæt/
theft /θəft/ then /ðen/
thin /θɪn/ this /ðɪs/
thought /θɔ:t/ though /ðəʊ/
thumb /θʌm/ thus /ðʌs/
path /pɑ:θ/ father /’fɑ:ðə/
Beth /beθ/ whether /’weðə/
myth /mɪθ/ with /wɪð/
/d/ 1 /ð/ 2
dat that
den then
dis this
doe though
dust thus
 /θ/ 1 /t/ 2
thanks tanks
thin tin
thought taught
thumb tum
path part
Beth bet
Unit One
Minimal Pair Exercises for Student Pairs A
Read your words from the list below to your partner, and he or she will mark down which
word was different (either the first, second, or third).

Example: You hear "Thor—sore—Thor"; you write 2 in the space provided, as the second
(sore) was different from the first and third (Thor).

1. think sink sink ______________________ (1, 2, or 3)

2. fought fought thought
3. boat both boat
4. broth broth brought
5. sin thin thin
6. moth moth moss
7. Thor sore sore
8. pass pass path
9. three free three
10. frilled frilled thrilled
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
Minimal Pair Exercises for Student Pairs B
Read your words from the list below to your partner, and he or she will mark down
which word was different (either the first, second, or third).

Example: You hear "Thor—sore—Thor"; you write 2 in the space provided, as the
second (sore) was different from the first and third (Thor).

1. thin sin sin _____________________ (1, 2, or 3)

2. frilled thrilled thrilled
3. boat both both
4. path path pass
5. thin thin sin
6. moss moth moss
7. free three three
8. sink sink think
9. brought broth brought
10. sore Thor sore
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
Tongue twisters / θ / and / ð /
1. Thor is the god of Thunder.
/ θ ɔ:rɪ z ð ə g ɒ də v θ ʌ n d ə /

2. Thelma and Theo have bad breath.

/θ e l m ə ə n ð ɪə ʊ h æ v b æ d b r e θ/

3. Nothing is worth thousands of deaths.

/n ʌ θ ɪ ŋɪ z w ɜ: θ θ aʊ z n d zə v d e ð s/

4. Mr. Smith's teeth are thin and lethal.

/ mistə s m ɪ θs t i: θɑ: θ ɪ nə n l ə θ ʊ l /

5. Thick ticks on three trees brought broth to ten thin tin men.
/ θ ɪ k t ɪ k sɒ n θ r i: t r i: z b r ɔ: t b r ʌ θ t ə t e n θ ɪ n t ɪ n m e n/
Unit One Pair Dictation A Read the following text to your partner. Repeat as many
times as your partner needs.

Beth and Faithful

Beth, a nurse, likes to think about how things were in the good old days. Beth
remembers taking her dog, Faithful, for a walk along the garden path. She liked to
throw things for Faithful to catch. The garden had 33 kinds of plants and thousands
of flowers. For Beth, nothing compared to a thoughtful walk through the garden.

When you have finished, check what you have written.

Next, mark connected speech between words the first word ends with a
consonant sound and the next word begins with a vowel sound.
E.g think about
If a word ends with the same letter as the first letter of the next word also
link.
E.g of-flowers
 Beth and Faithful

Beth, a nurse, likes to think about how things were in the good old-days. Beth
remembers taking her dog, Faithful, for a walk along the garden path. She liked to
throw things for Faithful to catch. The garden had 33 kinds of plants and
thousands of-flowers. For Beth, nothing compared to a thoughtful walk through the
garden.

Next, mark the sentence stress. Remember, to stress the main verbs and the
important information only.
 Beth and Faithful

Beth, a nurse, likes to think about how things were in the good old-days. Beth
remembers taking her dog, Faithful, for a walk along the garden path. She liked to
throw things for Faithful to catch. The garden had 33 kinds of plants and
thousands of-flowers. For Beth, nothing compared to a thoughtful walk through the
garden.
Unit One Pair Dictation B Read the following text to your partner. Repeat as many
times as your partner needs.

Thankful Ruth

Ruth doesn't like to remember things from the past. 13 years ago, Ruth came close
to death. She was very thin and lost 30 pounds. Three of her teeth also fell out.
Ruth is thankful for her nurse, Beth, who helped her through thick and thin. Now,
Ruth can enjoy long, thoughtful baths.

When you have finished, check what you have written.

Next, mark connected speech between words the first word ends with a
consonant sound and the next word begins with a vowel sound.
E.g think about
If a word ends with the same letter as the first letter of the next word also
link.
E.g of-flowers
Unit One Pair Dictation B Read the following text to your partner. Repeat as many
times as your partner needs.

Thankful Ruth

Ruth doesn't like to remember things from the past. 13 years ago, Ruth came close
to death. She was very thin and lost 15 kilos. Three of her teeth also fell out. Ruth is
thankful for her nurse, Beth, who helped her through thick and thin. Now, Ruth
can enjoy long, thoughtful baths.

Next, mark the sentence stress. Remember, to stress the main verbs and the
important information only.
Unit One Pair Dictation B Read the following text to your partner. Repeat as many
times as your partner needs.

Thankful Ruth

Ruth doesn't like to remember things from the past. 13 years ago, Ruth came close
to death. She was very thin and lost 15 kilos. Three of her teeth also fell out.
Ruth is thankful for her nurse, Beth, who helped her through thick and thin. Now,
Ruth can enjoy long, thoughtful baths.