BRANCHES OF SCIENCE

BRANCHES OF SCIENCE
* The natural taxonomy of the empirical
sciences would break the sciences down into
three basic groups:
 PHYSICAL SCIENCES (physics, astronomy,
chemistry, geology, metallurgy)
 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES (zoology, botany,
genetics, paleontology, molecular biology,
physiology), and
 PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES (psychology,
sociology, anthropology, maybe economics)
When these concepts are deployed two very
different kinds of knowledge are possessed—
one kind in the physical sciences (remote
knowledge), another in the biological and
psychological sciences (intimate knowledge)
Life Science (Biology)
• Biology is the study of life. At the
highest level, biology is broken
down based on the type of
organism being studied:
• zoology, the study of animals
• botany, of plants
• microbiology, of microorganisms.
Each field has contributed to mankind
or the Earth’s well-being in numerous
ways. Most prominently: botany, to
agriculture; zoology, to livestock and
protection of ecologies; and
microbiology, to the study of diseases
and ecosystems in general.
Earth Science
• Earth Science is the study of the
Earth and its neighbors in space. It
is an exciting science with many
interesting and practical
applications. Some Earth scientists
use their knowledge of the Earth to
locate and develop energy and
mineral resources.
• Others study the impact of human activity on
Earth's environment and design methods to
protect the planet. Some use their knowledge
about Earth processes such as volcanoes,
earthquakes and hurricanes to plan
communities that will not expose people to
these dangerous events. It is composed of four
fields Geology, Oceanography, Meteorology
and Astronomy.
Chemistry is the study of atoms, molecules,
and the interactions they undergo
called chemical reactions. Through the
breaking and forming of atomic bonds,
various compounds change into new
compounds, either producing or consuming
energy in the process.
• Energy may be released in the form of
heat or light, as in a fire or explosion.
• By exploiting chemistry and what we
know about chemical reactions, we
can produce chemicals with useful
properties.
 Physics is a branch of science that
applies various scientific methods in
order to decipher and comprehend
the most basic principles and laws
of nature – matter, energy and how
it interacts with each other. Physicists
usually focus on a particular area of
physics even though many of these
disciplines overlap each other