The Respiratory System

Objectives:
Identify the key parts of the
respiratory system
describe the function of
each part of the respiratory
system
Why do we
breathe?
 What is Human Respiration?
 obtain oxygen,

 eliminate carbon dioxide.

Inspiration

2 Phases
of
Breathing
Expiration
The Mechanisms of Breathing
O2 enters

The diaphragm
contracts or C02 exits
flattens
The diaphragm
The intercostal relaxes
muscles raise
The intercostal
the ribs
muscles lower
the ribs
Respiratory Cycle

Figure 10.9
Where is the respiratory center
of the brain?

Medulla
What other factor
Oblongata
controls the rhythm
and rate of
breathing?

Pons
CO2 Level in the
blood

pH of the blood

Fear and Pain

 What are the CAUSES of altered
breathing patterns?
Coughing
Sneezing
Laughing
Crying
Hiccups
Yawning
Speaking
 Apply Your Knowledge
Indicated whether each statement refers to (I)
inhalation or ANSWER:
(E) exhalation:
__
E The intercostal muscles lower the ribs
I The diaphragm contracts or flattens
__
I The intercostal muscles raise the ribs
__
__
E The diaphragm relaxes
I Air rich in O2 enters the lungs from the atmosphere
__
E Air rich in C02 exits the lungs
__
What are the Organs of the
Respiratory System?
 Nose
 Pharynx
 Larynx
 Trachea
 Bronchial tree
 Lungs
Organs of the Respiratory system

 Nose
 Pharynx
 Larynx
 Trachea
 Bronchi
 Lungs –
alveoli
STRUCTURE FUNCTION

nose /
warms, moistens, &
nasal
cavity filters air as it is inhaled

pharynx passageway for air,

(throat) leads to trachea

the voice box, where

larynx
vocal chords are located
STRUCTURE FUNCTION

keeps the windpipe "open"

Trachea and is lined with fine hairs
(windpipe)
called cilia which filter air
before it reaches the lungs

two branches at the end of

bronchi the trachea, each lead to a
lung
 a network of smaller
branches leading from the
bronchioles bronchi into the lung
tissue & ultimately to air
sacs

the functional respiratory

alveoli units in the lung where
gases are exchanged
 What are the
components of
upper and lower
respiratory tract?
Checking your Understanding

Which of the following sites would be the most

lethal if obstructed by a foreign body?
ANSWER:
a. Right bronchus
b. Left bronchus
c. Trachea
 Pulmonary Ventilation

External Respiration

Respiration Includes

Transport of Respiratory
Gases

Internal Respiration
Pulmonary Ventilation

Air moves in and out

of lungs.
External Respiration

 Gas exchange between blood and air at alveoli.

 O2 (oxygen) in air diffuses into blood.
 CO2 (carbon dioxide) in blood diffuses into air.
Transport of
Respiratory Gases
 Brings O2 from lungs  cells of the body.
 Takes CO2 from the cells throughout the body and
return to the lungs to be exhaled.
Internal Respiration

 Gas exchange in capillaries between blood and tissue

cells.
 O2 in blood diffuses into tissues.
 CO2 waste in tissues diffuses into blood.
 Pulmonary Ventilation

External Respiration

Respiration Includes

Transport of Respiratory
Gases

Internal Respiration
GROUP ACTIVITY!
Criteria Excellent (5) Good (3) Poor(2)

Cooperation Members are Members are Members are

always willing and usually willing and sometimes willing and
focused on task. focused on focused on assigned
assigned task. task.
Presentation Convincing Adequate Limited
and
communication of communication of communication of
Perspective
ideas and shows ideas and shows ideas and shows poor
mastery in mastery in mastery in presenting.
presenting. presenting.
Information Information Information Information appears to
Accuracy
appears to be appears to be be rarely accurate
always accurate usually accurate e.

Overall All the Some of the Few of the

effectiveness
requirements of requirements of requirements of the
the assignment the assignment assignment have been
have been have been fulfilled. met.
exceeded.
Complete the sentence.

The parts of the respiratory system

are….
 End of Chapter

The air of ideas

is the only air
worth breathing.

~Edith Wharton

That In All Things God May Be Glorified!

TIME FOR EVALUATION!
 1.Which of the following
structure warms, moistens, &
filters air as it is inhaled?
a. nose
b. trachea
c. bronchi
d. lungs
2. What happens to the
diaphragm when a person
breathes in or inhales?
a. It relaxes.
b. It contracts.
c. Diaphragm is not involved
when a person breathes in.
d. None of the choices
3.Where is the site of actual
gas exchange during
respiration?
a. larynx
b. alveoli
c. bronchioles
d. pharynx
4.Which is the correct order in the
passage of air as we breathe in?
a. Alveoli -trachea - bronchioles –
larynx
b. Trachea –bronchus – alveoli –
nose
c. Nose – trachea – alveoli –
bronchus
d. Trachea – bronchi – bronchioles
- alveoli
5. If solid and liquid wastes are
removed from the body through
defecation and urination, what is
released by the body as waste
during respiration?
a. Sweat
b. Oxygen
c. Carbon dioxide
d. Ammonia