Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
The activity inside the Earth can be seen on the Earth’s crust, because this
produces different types of relief.
B) Oceans and continents:
71% of the Earth’s surface is covered by water.
29% or the Earth’s surface is the dry land of the continents.
Continents: are very large land masses surrounded by oceans and seas.
• Asia
• America
• Africa
• Antarctica
• Europe
• Oceania.
Oceans: are vast masses of saltwater that are connected to each other.
• Pacific Ocean (largest and deeptest).
• Atlantic Ocean (2nd largest).
• Indian Ocean.
• Southern Ocean (frozen so much of the year).
• Artic Ocean (mainly frozen, the smallest).
2. WHAT IS THE EARTH’S RELIEF?
Relief: Consisting of all the features, such as the mountains and valleys,
which make the terrain so varied (watch the vocabulary presentation!!!)
Erosion: materials, such as rocks and soil, are broken up and moved
around by external agents.
Deposition: eroded rocks, sand and mud are deposited in low areas
where the sediments acumulate.
EXTERNAL FORCES OF RELIEF
o Water: plays a very important role in erosion, transport and deposition (rivers,
seas and oceans, rain water and ground water).
EXTERNAL FORCES OF RELIEF
o Wind: (aeolian erosion)
Is when wind erodes and transports rocks and sand.
It often occurs in dry climates, sucha as deserts, because there is little
vegetation to protect the soil.
o Changes of temperature:
In deserts or mountainous areas it is much hotter during the day than at night-
time.
Water sometimes enter the cracks in rocks. It may break the rocks if it freezes
and expands.
o Living things:
Vegetation or animals.
Human action: through activities such as agriculture, deforestaion or mining.
Roads or reservoirs are man-made features of the Earth’s relief.