1

Research Title:
Transient Stability Improvement of
Power System Using UPFC (Unified
Power Flow Controller)
PRESENTED BY: MUHAMMAD WAQAR
SP14-REE-048
SUPERVISOR: DR. SHAHRUKH AGHA
Topics to be covered 2

 Summary

 Introduction

 Literature Review

 Statement of Problem

 Research Methodology

 Tentative Timetable

 References
Summary 3

 Faults occurrence in power system produce transients which badly affects the
performance of power system.
 To overcome these transients in power system, Flexible Alternating Current
Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices are introduced [1].
 Introduction of FACTS Technology
 UPFC, the popular FACT Device
 In this thesis research, IEEE nine-bus three-machine system will be considered as
a case study for examining the performance of UPFC to achieve stability during
disturbance, occurred in one of machine of implemented power system[2],[3].
 Comparison of UPFC performance with other FACT devices such as SSSC and
STATCOM.
Introduction: 4

 What is Transient Stability?

When a Power system recovers to its original operating condition
after following a disturbance due to occurrence of fault in the
system is called transient stability of the power system.
 Transient stability is a major concern in power system security and
reliability because it is the most common type of instability and its impact
can cause greatest economic losses.
 In order to remove this instability condition ,we can use different FACTS
devices such as, STATCOM(shunt-controller),SSSC(series-controller), and
most probably UPFC(series-shunt controller)[3],[4].
Introduction(cont).. 5

 What is FACTS Technology?

Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System is a new integrated concept
based on power electronic switching convertors and dynamic controllers to
enhance controllability and power transfer capability as well as stability, security
and power quality.
 Types of FACTS Controllers:
• Series Controllers (SSSC)
• Shunt Controllers (STATCOM)
• Combined Series-Shunt Controllers (UPFC).
 Unified Power Controller (UPFC) :
The UPFC (series-shunt FACT device) is the most flexible type of the FACTS
devices. The main role of the UPFC is to control the flow of real and reactive in
transmission line. Both the magnitude and the phase angle of the voltage can
be controlled independently and can be used for improving transient stability of
the power system[5].
Literature Review 6

 Now a days power systems have become more complex to operate due to
advancement in technology and continuous growth in demand.
 Remarkable progress have been made in high-power semiconductors devices
which made a significant impact on complex power systems. For example:
• Thyristor controlled static var compensators (SVCs)[6]
• Thyristor Controlled series Compensator(TCSC)
• Thyristor Controlled Phase Shifting Transformer(TCPST).
 First generation of FACTS technology
• Limited operation
• Extremely large size
• High cost
• Very Difficult to maintain
• Require a significant labor for installment.
Literature Review(cont).. 7

 Second Generation FACTS devices:

• Based on invertors, advance static var compensators and gate
turn-off(GTO) thyristors,
• They are highly efficient and very economical.
• They makes the power system to control effectively and make it
stable during worst fault conditions[7].

Some of these FACTS devices with advance technology are discussed

below :
Literature Review(cont).. 8

 Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM):

• The STATCOM is a shunt (parallel) type of FACTS device, based on voltage
source invertor (VSI) and connected in parallel to a transmission line.[8]
Literature Review(cont).. 9

 Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC):

• The SSSC is a series type of FACTS device consist of voltage source converter (VSC)
connected in series to a transmission line. [9]
Literature Review(cont).. 10

 Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC):

• The UPFC is a combine shunt-series type of FACTS device which can control
simultaneously all three parameters of line power flow(voltage , current
power).[10]
Literature Review(cont).. 11

 Basic Configuration of UPFC:

• The basic configuration of a UPFC, which is installed between the sending-
end Vs and the receiving-end VR. The dc terminals of which are connected
to a common dc link capacitor
Literature Review(cont).. 12

 Comparison of FACTS:
Literature Review(cont).. 13

 Why FACTS Technology?

• Improves the transient stability of the system.
• Efficient Installations: Easily installed in transmission lines.
• Increased System Capacity: Maximum operational efficiency of
existing transmission lines and other equipment.
• System Reliability: Provide greater voltage stability and power flow
control, which improves system reliability and security.
• Improved System Controllability: Ability to instantaneously respond to
disturbances & redirect power flows.
• Investment: Less expensive than new transmission lines.
• Greater flexibility as compare to hvdc line.
• Improves real power transfer capability.
Statement of Problem 14

 Fault occurrence may lead the power system to instability and the
generators will fallout of synchronism which will badly affect the
performance of system and can cause a great economic loss to
power system.
 To avoid such faults, FACTS technology is introduced which is very
effective to control unstable voltage and increase power flow that in
turn improves the transient stability of power system during fault
condition.
 In this research work we will propose a IEEE three machine nine bus
power system Simulink model in MATLAB in which we will compare
FACT devices such as STATCOM (shunt controller), SSSC (series
controller) and UPFC (series-shunt controller) to stabilize the system
performance during fault condition, and then choose the Simulink
model with the best optimum solution
Research Methodology 15

 Phase-1 Implementation of IEEE nine-bus three machine power system using

MATLAB (Simulink) and examining its performance and transient stability during
fault condition without using any FACT controller.
 Phase-2: Improvement of Transient Stability of proposed power system using
STATCOM (shunt –controller).
 Phase-3: Improvement of Transient Stability of proposed power system using
SSSC (series-controller).
 Phase-4: In this phase the Transient Stability will be improve using UPFC
(combine shunt-series controller).
 Phase-5: In last, the performance of STATCOM and SSSC will compare with
UPFC using the simulation graphs and we will choose the best optimum solution
to overcome Transient Stability.
Tentative Time Table: 16

Progress Of THESIS Work Time Duration

Introduction 20th February, 2015 to 1st March, 2015

Literature Review 5th March to 25th April, 2015

Methodology May 2015

Designing and Simulation in MATLAB June 2015 to November 2015

THESIS Writing November to December 2015

References 17

 [1] Gotham, D.J.; Heydt, G.T., "Power flow control and power flow studies for systems
with FACTS devices," Power Systems, IEEE Transactions on , vol.13, no.1, pp.60,65, Feb
1998 doi: 10.1109/ 59.65 1614.
 [2] Mihalic, R.; Zunko, P.; Povh, D., "Improvement of transient stability using unified
power flow controller," Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions on , vol.11, no.1,
pp.485,492, Jan 1996 doi: 10.1109/61.484133 .
 [3] Souza, C.L.; Neto, L.M.; Guimaraes, G.C.; Moraes, A.J., "Power system transient
stability analysis including synchronous and induction generators," Power Tech
Proceedings, 2001 IEEE Porto,vol.2,no.,pp.6pp.vol.2,2001 doi: 10.1109/PTC.2001.964711
 [4] Mihalic, R.; Zunko, P.; Papic, I.; Povh, D., "Improvement Of Transient Stability By
Insertion Of Facts Devices," Athens Power Tech, 1993. APT 93. Proceedings. Joint
International Power Conference , vol.2, no., pp.521,525, 5-8 Sep 1993 doi:
10.1109/APT.1993.673854.
 [5] Gholipour, E.; Saadate, S., "Improving of transient stability of power systems using
UPFC," in Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions on , vol.20, no.2, pp.1677-1682, April 2005
doi: 10.1109/TPWRD.2005.846354.
Continued… 18

 [6] Hammad, A.E., "Analysis of Power System Stability Enhancement by Static

VAR Compensators," Power Systems, IEEE Transactions on , vol.1, no.4,
pp.222,227, Nov. 1986 doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.1986.4335049 .
 [7] Y. Morioka, M. Kato, Y. Mishima and Y. Nakachi, “Implementation of unified
power flow controller and verification for transmission capability improvement”,
IEEE Trans. on PS, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp 575581, 1999.
 [8] Hosseini, S.H.; Ajami, A., "Transient stability enhancement of AC transmission
system using STATCOM," TENCON '02. Proceedings. 2002 IEEE Region 10
Conference on Computers, Communications, Control and Power Engineering ,
vol.3, no., pp.1809,1812 vol.3, 28-31 Oct. 2002 doi: 10.1109/TENCON.2002.1182687
 [9] Kumkratug, P.; Laohachai, P., "Transient Stability Assessment of a Power
System with a Static Synchronous Series Compensator," Modelling & Simulation,
2007. AMS '07. First Asia International Conference on , vol., no., pp.26,30, 27-30
March 2007 doi: 10.1109/AMS.2007.107
 [10] G. AM. Noroozian, L. Angquist, M. Ghandhari, and ndersson, “Use of UPFC
for optimal power flow control”, IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, Vol. 12, No. 4, pp.
1629-1634, 1997.