Refresher Course on

Environmental Planning
Maria Veronica Arreza-Arcilla, (MA)URP, EnP
 Gather & Current &
Analysis
Process Data Projected Needs

Education

Health &
Sanitation

SOCIAL Housing
SECTOR
PLANNING Social Welfare

Protective
Services

Sports &
Recreation
I. ECOSYSTEM ANALYSIS
• Resource Mapping
• Climate Change & DRR
• Forest Ecosystems
• Coastal Planning
• Biodiversity

II. SECTORAL STUDIES

• Demographic Study
• Social Sector Study
• Economic Sector Study
• Infrastructure Sector Study

III. SPECIAL AREA STUDIES

• Green Growth
• Urban Design & Development
• Heritage Conservation
• Ancestral Domain
 Gather & Process Data Current & Projected Needs Analysis

SOCIAL: Education
DATA REQUIREMENTS

1. Schools by Level, Type, Facilities and Condition

2. Student–Teacher and Student–Classroom Ratio by Level
3. Tertiary and Vocational/Technical Schools by Type and Total Enrollment
4. Historical Enrollment by Level for the Past 5 School Years
5. Projected Classroom, Teacher Requirement in Public Schools, by Level
6. Historical Enrollment Participation Rate for the Last 5 Years
 Gather & Process Data Current & Projected Needs Analysis

SOCIAL: Education
Current (current enrollment ratio x standard classroom ratio)
Classroom Need – (# of classrooms - # of damaged classrooms)

Current (current enrollment x standard teacher ratio)

Teacher Need – (current number of teachers)

Sample Computation for

Current Classroom Need

(10,000 x 1/35) –
CCN =
(215 – 5)
(285.71) –
CCN =
(210)
CCN = 75
 Gather & Process Data Current & Projected Needs Analysis

SOCIAL: Education
POSSIBLE ISSUES
• High drop out rate
o Malnutrition: Health Intervention  SOCIAL Social
o Poverty  SOCIAL, ECONOMIC
o Accessibility  INFRASTRUCTURE
Environmental Economic
• Adequate quantity; quality needs improvement
• Disaster
o Classrooms as Evacuation Center
o Susceptibility to Earthquake: Infrastructure Institutional
Relocate vs. Engineering Intervention
 Case Snapshot: Education
San Francisco, Surigao del Norte
• Low income LGU; 13,000+ population (61% HH poor)
• Vulnerable: Fl, Tc, Eq, Ln, Ts, Su
• Hit by a 6.7 Eq. last Feb. 10, 2017 at 10:00pm
• San Nicolas School: designated as E.C. was severely damaged
• Rehabilitation tends to focus on structural intervention  long-term
resilience means investing in our people

poor, uneducated, unhealthy, more vulnerable,

=
compromised welfare low adaptive capacity, less resilient
 Gather & Process Data Current & Projected Needs Analysis

SOCIAL: Health & Sanitation

DATA REQUIREMENTS

1. General Health Situation for the Past 5 Years

2. Medical Health Facilities and Personnel
3. Ten Leading Causes of Morbidity for the Past 5 Years
4. Ten Leading Causes of Mortality for the Past 5 Years
5. Malnourished Children for the Past 5 Years
6. Existing Cemeteries and Memorial Parks
7. Number of Households in Occupied Housing Units by Type of Toilet
8. Projected Requirements for Barangay Health Facilities
9. Solid Waste Generation by Source
10. Method of Solid Waste Disposal/Treatment
11. Wastewater Generation by Source and Treatment/Disposal Methods
 Gather & Process Data Current & Projected Needs Analysis

SOCIAL: Health & Sanitation

Given
Population 100,000
Waste
generation / .5kg/day
person
Waste Density 330kg/m3
Landfill depth 10m
Residence
10 years
time
 Gather & Process Data Current & Projected Needs Analysis

SOCIAL: Health & Sanitation

POSSIBLE ISSUES

• Solid waste  SOCIAL, ENVIRONMENTAL, INFRASTRUCTURE Social

• Wastewater conveyance
• national or local?
• latrine construction: private or public? Environmental Economic
• Adequate quantity of facilities; but quality of healthcare may be
an issue
• Disaster
o If there is a large scale disaster, how can responders / Infrastructure Institutional
facilities be augmented?
Case Snapshot: Health & Sanitation

The Islamic city of Marawi: home of 200,000+

Meranaws
• TLA: 87.55 sq. km (47/96 urban barangays)
• 23 May 2017 CONFLICT
• displaced 359,680
• Infra destruction 20B Php
• Construction of 1,100 temporary shelter units on 11-ha.
property in Brgy. Sagonsongan
• Culturally-contextualized design for water requirements
 Gather & Process Data Current & Projected Needs Analysis

SOCIAL: Housing
DATA REQUIREMENTS

1. Housing Situation for the Last 3 Censal Years

2. Housing Backlog
3. Settlement Areas
4. Inventory of Residential Subdivisions & Condominium Projects
5. Resettlement Areas
6. Housing Facilities and Utilities Situation for the Past 3 Censal Years
7. Occupied Housing Units and Lots by Tenure Status
8. Occupied Housing Units by Condition and Year Built
9. Inventory of Potential Lands for Housing
10. Current and Projected Housing Need
SOCIAL: Housing

HOUSING NEED = Backlog + New Households

Double Occupancy Displaced Units Homeless Upgrading

Dwelling units shared Units to replace those in Households living in parks, Units for land tenure,
danger areas, lands along sidewalks and all
by 2 or more infrastructure and
earmarked for government those w/o any form of
households infrastructure, areas structural improvement
shelter
where there is a court
order for eviction or 0.1% of urban HHs
demolition
0.001% of rural HHs
SOCIAL: Housing
Philippines Housing Need Estimates by Region, 2016
Estimated Housing Need
Region (in number of households) Percentage Share
PHILIPPINES 5,556,463 100.00
NCR ─ Metro Manila 645,154 11.61
CAR ─ Cordillera 67,872 1.22
Region I – Ilocos Norte 282,685 5.09
Region II – Cagayan Valley 193,696 3.49
Region III – Central Luzon 498,810 8.98
Region IV-A - CALABARZON 652,615 11.75
Region IV-B – MIMAROPA 201,914 3.63
Region V – Bicol Region 354,951 6.39
Region VI – Western Visayas 434,184 7.81
Region VII – Central Visayas 395,993 7.13
Region VIII – Eastern Visayas 276,288 4.97
Region IX – Zamboanga Peninsula 235,967 4.25
Region X – Northern Mindanao 274,512 4.94
Region XI – Davao Region 331,255 5.96
Region XII – SOCCSKSARGEN 283,132 5.10
ARMM 236,541 4.26
CARAGA 174,364 3.14
SOCIAL: Housing Laws & Institutions
HUDCC: lead housing agency to undertake planning; provides technical
assistance

NHA: augment and enhance local governments’ capabilities in the

provision of housing benefits to their constituents

HIGC: design an appropriate guarantee scheme to encourage financial

institutions to go into direct lending for housing

HLURB: develop a comprehensive plan for urban and urbanizable areas,

and review existing town and land use plans and housing programs

NHMFC: administers the Community Mortgage Program

LGUs: prepares the CLUP, CDP & local shelter plan

 SOCIAL: Housing Laws & Institutions
R.A. 7279: Urban Development & Housing Act of 1992
• LGUs to conduct land inventory & identify lands for socialized housing &
resettlement
• LGUs shall identify and register socialized housing beneficiaries within their
jurisdiction.
• Requires the relocation of households in danger areas such as esteros, railroad
tracks, garbage dumps, riverbanks, shorelines, waterways, and public places such as
sidewalks, roads, parks, etc.

B.P. 220: Economic & Socialized Housing in Rural & Urban Areas

P.D. 957: Subdivision & Condominium Buyer’s Protective Decree

• Medium Cost Housing
• Open Market Housing

NUDHF 2016 - 2022

 Gather & Process Data Current & Projected Needs Analysis

SOCIAL: Housing
POSSIBLE ISSUES
• Housing as a poverty reduction strategy
o Children are born into poverty (intergenerational)
o Mechanism to identify poorest of the poor
o Mutually reinforcing strategies: CCT + Housing + feeding program +
livelihood assistance
• Housing for vulnerable groups
o Fisherfolk: poorest of the poor, near coastal areas = access to
livelihood, secure space for boats & nets
Case Snapshot: Fisherfolk Housing
Water Code & the No Build Zone Policy
- P.D. 1067 provides for easements
- Intent: protect and/or conserve aquatic resources,
protect human life & promote public safety

FISHERFOLK HOUSING
Not in conformance with the Water Code, but:
• Fish sanctuary: protect marine resources and
sustainable livelihood
• Footpath to safe evacuation
• Residents: less poor, less vulnerable, disaster-aware,
has the capacity to cope = more resilient
• Combination of infrastructural & non-engineering
interventions: breakwater & capacity-building

CAVEAT: not the promotion of illegality, but the

problematization of meeting objectives given the spirit of
the law “ideal” spaces are different from “lived” spaces
 Case Snapshot:
Housing of IPs
Zamboanga Siege: 09 – 28 September 2013
Internally Displaced: 118,819
Est. Economic Loss: 7.6B Php

Zamboanga Roadmap to A TOTAL OF 4,487 HOUSE-ON-STILT UNITS GENERATED

Recovery and Reconstruction (Z3R)
“Build Back Better”

 Improve the overall environment of the affected

communities

 Improve public safety and security of the community

 Minimize adverse social impact and relocation

 Prioritize on-site housing rehabilitation &
reconstruction
 Ensure culturally-sensitive housing developments
for IPs

*EnP Rodrigo Sicat, CPDC Zamboanga City

 Gather & Process Data Current & Projected Needs Analysis

SOCIAL: Welfare Services

DATA REQUIREMENTS

1. Presence of Social Welfare Facilities and Services Offered

2. Historical Number of Population Served by Type of Clientele System
3. Social Welfare Related Projects, Approved/Funded for Implementation,
 Gather & Process Data Current & Projected Needs Analysis

SOCIAL: Welfare Services

Types of Welfare Services Offered:
1. Family Life Education and Counselling
2. Family Planning Assistance
POSSIBLE ISSUES
3. Day Care Services, Supplemental Feeding • Difficult to identify current & projected
4. Medical Care need
5. Relief / Rehabilitation • Disaster & Conflict areas
o Rise in need of psycho-social
Type of Clientele: intervention
1. Disadvantaged Families o Competence of HR to provide
2. Depressed Area
welfare services
3. Disadvantage Women (18-59 years old)
4. Pre-school Children/Children (0-12 years old)
5. Youth (13-24 years old)
6. Persons with disabilities
7. Senior citizens/ older persons
Case Snapshot: Welfare Services
Urban Design Considerations
• Women Dilemma:
• Children Given scarce resources, do we
• Persons with disabilities spend on costly infrastructure?
• Senior citizens
 Gather & Process Data Current & Projected Needs Analysis

SOCIAL: Protective Services

DATA REQUIREMENTS

1. Protective Services by Facilities and Equipment

2. Barangay Security Force and Volunteers by Type of Service
3. Fire Incidence for the Past Five Years
4. Crime Incidence by Barangay for Adult for the Past Five Years
5. Crime Incidence by Barangay for Children (below 18 years old) in
Conflict with the Law for the Past Five Years
6. Current and Projected Requirement for Police, Fire, and Jail Personnel
 Gather & Process Data Current & Projected Needs Analysis

SOCIAL: Protective Services

Current
total demand for policemen –
Protective Services
actual number of policemen
Requirement

Total Demand for

Protective Services population x standard ratio

Sample Computation for Current & Projected Need

2017 Population 2020 Population Actual Number of Policemen Current Need Projected Need
36,828 41,082 33 ? ?
Total Demand for Protective Services = 36,828 x 1/1,000
= 37
Current Protective Services Requirement = 37 – 33
= 4 more policemen are needed for 2017
Projected Protective Services Requirement = (41,082 x 1/1,000) – 33
= 8 more policemen are needed for 2020
Case Snapshot: Protective Services
BONIFACIO GLOBAL CITY
• State-of-the-Art Planning (imported software)
• STP, underground electricity, piped-in gas
• Water Reservoir underneath the Burgos Circle
• Smart City (Parking App real-time updates)
• Street Art (murals & trashbins)
• Walkable (deliberate arcades & rear vehicular access)
In the incidence of a fire, is the local government equipped to handle such situation?
 Gather & Process Data Current & Projected Needs Analysis

SOCIAL: Sports & Recreation

DATA REQUIREMENTS

1. Existing Sports and Recreational Facilities by Barangay

2. Potential Recreation Facility

Sample Computation for Current Need

2017 Population Standard (*DECS, HLURB)
36,828 500 m2 park area / 1,000 population

Park Area Requirement = 36,828 x (500 m2 / 1,000 population)

= 18,414 m2
Case Snapshot: Sports & Recreation
MARIKINA CITY:
Open Spaces & Areas for Recreation
• Entails huge initial capital outlay
• Long-term advantage: decrease cost of health-related expenditure
because of healthier citizenry
Synthesis
SOCIAL SECTOR PLANNING
Data Requirements, Current & Projected Needs, Analysis & Case Snapshots of Select
Issues of sub-sectors:
• Education
• Health
• Housing
• Social Welfare Services
• Protective Services
• Sports & Recreation

planning that is oriented towards enhancing people’s capacities to meet their own
needs by providing public services
 Thank you for your attention!
--
Maria Veronica Arreza-Arcilla, (MA)URP, En.P
0916 -5357452
vero.arcilla@gmail.com

Planning and Development Research Foundation Philippine Institute of Environmental Planners

Established in 1976, PLANADES is a non-stock,
non-profit foundation engaged in research,
consultancy and extension services, academic
development and training in environmental, urban
and regional planning and related disciplines.
PIEP is the Accredited Professional Organization
(APO) of licensed environmental planners, duly
recognized by the Professional Regulation
Commission

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