Motivational Activity!

4pics1word
EASY(1POINT)

_________

SFNOPOEWATLESADKSXGDSYFND
EASY(1POINT)

_______

ESSPSARSOYWCFSAIODS
AVERAGE(3POINTS)

____M_______

DASEDACHYCGIOOMDODTGNYU
AVERAGE(3POINTS)

____L______

AFOPMSDENTWERVFEL
DIFFICULT(5POINTS)

____F___I__

GSZXFFYESCADKOIESNBGLD
Answers:
1.KNOWLEDGE
2.PROCESS
3.ACCOMODATION
4.DEVELOPMENT
5.SCAFFOLDING
What is Constructivism?
Constructivism is a theory espousing, humans
gain knowledge from their experiences, and
learn in a manner influenced by these
experiences. That individuals learn by their own
experiences, this experiential level contributes to
the subject matter to be learned.
• Each individual is his/her own teacher
and gains more knowledge from their
own life experiences.
• This also states an individual learns from
his own set of values and mores.
• Constructivism is not a specific way of learning
but an educational theory. Constructivism has
been around as a teaching methodology for
centuries.
• Constructivism has been popular recently
through the efforts of "Project Construct"
started in Missouri.
Contributors of Constructivism
• Jean Piaget
• Lev Vygotsky
• Jean Piaget

- Cognitive
Constructivism
• Jean Piaget (1896–1980) believed that
children's play had an important role in
constructivism and learning. His theory
expounds that we learn through assimilation
and accommodation. Piaget’s theory of
constructivism is one of “Cognitive
Constructivism”.
There Are Three Basic Components To Piaget's
Cognitive Theory:
1. SCHEMAS(building blocks of knowledge).
2. ADAPTATION PROCESSES THAT ENABLE THE TRANSITION
FROM ONE STAGE TO ANOTHER
• Equilibrium
• Assimilation
• Accommodation
3. 4 STAGES OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT:
– sensorimotor,
– preoperational,
– concrete operational,
– formal operational.
Piaget (1952, p. 7) defined a schema as:

"a cohesive, repeatable action sequence

possessing component actions that are tightly
interconnected and governed by a core
meaning."
 In more simple terms Piaget called the schema
the basic building block of intelligent behavior – a
way of organizing knowledge. Indeed, it is useful to
think of schemas as “units” of knowledge, each
relating to one aspect of the world, including
objects, actions, and abstract (i.e., theoretical)
concepts.
 Piaget viewed intellectual growth as a process
of adaptation (adjustment) to the world. This happens
through:
• Assimilation
– Which is using an existing schema to deal with a new object or situation.
• Accommodation
– This happens when the existing schema (knowledge) does not work, and
needs to be changed to deal with a new object or situation.
• Equilibration
– This is the force which moves development along. Piaget believed that
cognitive development did not progress at a steady rate, but rather in leaps
and bounds.
PIAGET’S 4 STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
• Lev Vygotsky

- Social
Constructivism
• Lev Vygotsky (1896–1934) believed that
knowledge is first constructed in a social
context and collaborated with other individuals
or groups instead of being represented solely
in the mind of an individual. This is known as
“Social Constructivism”.
 An important concept for social constructivists is that
of scaffolding which is a process of guiding the learner
from what is presently known to what is to be known.
According to Vygotsky (1978), students' problem solving
skills fall into three categories:
• skills which the student cannot perform
• skills which the student may be able to perform
• skills that the student can perform with help
• Here, construction of knowledge is shared
by two or more people. According to social
constructivists, the opportunity to interact
and share among learners help to shape
and refine their ideas. Knowledge becomes
social not individual.
Characteristics of
Constructivism
Four characteristic of Constructivism
according to Eggen and Kauchak

1. Learners construct understanding.

Constructivist do not view learners as just
an empty vessels waiting to be filled up. They
see learners as an active thinkers who
interpret new information based on what
they already know. They construct knowledge
in a way that makes sense to them.
2. New learning depends on current
understanding.
Background information is very important.
It is through the present views or scheme that
the learner has that new information will be
interpreted.
3. Learning is facilitated by social interaction.
Constructivist believe in creating a
“community of learners” within classrooms.
Learning communities help learners take
responsibility for their own learning. Learners
have a lot of opportunities to cooperate and
collaborate to solve problems and discovers
things. Teachers play the role of a facilitator
rather than an expert who has all the
knowledge.
4. Meaningful learning occurs within authentic
learning tasks.
An authentic task is one that involves a
learning activity that involves constructing
knowledge and understanding that is so akin
to the knowledge and understanding needed
when applied in the real world.
 How to become a
Constructivist Teacher?
• The teacher must enter the classroom
believing that all students have different
backgrounds from experiences and cultural
practices.
• The teacher has to meet the students at
there current level and help them connect
and expand to the material.
• Taking these two factors into account
ensures that the material will be
meaningfully related to the students.
Thank You !