Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Flowering Plants
2
Pollination
Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from
the anther to the stigma.
3
Pollination
Self-Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma
of the same flower or from the anther to the stigma of another flower that is
part of the same plant.
4
Pollen
•In flowering plants, the problem of
reproduction in a dry, external
environment is partially solved by the
presence of the thick wall of the pollen
grain.
•The pollen grain wall prevents
dehydration of the contents while it is
transferred to the stigma (female organ).
•After pollination, the pollen grain
germinates (is activated) on the stigma
and forms a pollen tube, which extends
to the ovule.
•Sperm nuclei is formed at this time, in
the pollen tube, from the monoploid (n)
nucleus in the pollen grain.
•The pollen tube is an adaptation for
internal fertilization.
5
Flower Fertilization and Embryo Development.
•The union or fusion of the male and female nuclei in the ovule results in a
zygote.
•The zygote continues to develop into an embryo.
•The ripened ovule, with the embryo, develops into the seed.
•The seed consists of a seed coat, which develops from the outer
coverings of the ovule and embryo.
•The ripened ovary develops into the fruit.
•The plant embryo consists of three parts: hypocotyl, epicotyl, and
cotyledon.
Apical Meristems are found in the tips of roots and stems and cause the
plant to grow in length.
Lateral Meristems (Cambium) are between the xylem and phloem and
cause the plant to grow in diameter (get wider).