GMR Goa International Airport Limited

GMR Goa International Airport Limited
Presentation on
Current Requirements in Environment
Impact Assessment (EIA) – Process &
Procedures as Per MoEF & CC
Guidelines
1
Introduction
 Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) can be defined as the study to

predict the effect/impacts of the proposed (Green/brown field) activity on the
surrounding environment.
 EIA compares various alternatives for a project to identify the best

combination of economic and environmental costs and benefits.
 EIA integrates the environmental concerns in the development activities in

the feasibility report. it enables for integration of environmental concerns
and mitigation measures in the project development
2
Evolution & History of EIA
 Environmental Impact Assessment started as mandatory regulatory

procedure in the early 1970’s with the implementation of the National
Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) 1969 in the USA.
 EIA process took off after mid 1980’s, after World Bank adopted EIA for major
development projects, in which borrower country had to undertake the EIA
under the Bank’s supervision.
 Now EIA is a formal process In more than 100 countries.
 Environmental clearance from central government is required for various

categories of projects.
3
Core values of EIA
 Integrity : The EIA Process should be fair, objective, unbiased

and balanced
 Utility : It provides credible information for decision making.
 Sustainability : The EIA process should result in safeguarding

the Environment.
4
Objectives of EIA
 Conducting field sampling/monitoring of environmental attributes to establish the baseline

environmental status; Collate and compile secondary data including socio-economic data from
published literature / Government publications; Estimate pollution loads that would be generated by
the proposed project;
 Predict incremental levels of pollutants in the study area due to the proposed project;
 Validate the predicted pollution load with respect to the present pollution load due to airport
operations;
 Evaluate the predicted impacts on the various environmental attributes by using scientifically
developed and widely accepted Environmental Impact Assessment modelling methodologies;
 Prepare an EIA report, complying to all the TOR conditions issued by MoEF& CC;
 Prepare an Environment Management Plan (EMP) to mitigate the predicted impacts;
 To identify critical environmental attributes required to be monitored and suggest post project
monitoring plan; and
 To carry out risk assessment and prepare the disaster management plan.
5
Methodology of the EIA Study
 Reconnaissance survey to be conducted by the consultants and concerned officials and

sampling locations to be identified on the basis of:
 Predominant wind directions in the study area as recorded by India Meteorological

Department (IMD) at airport;
 Existing topography, location of surface water bodies like ponds, canals and rivers;
 Location of villages/towns/sensitive areas; and Areas which represent baseline conditions.
 The field observations are used to:

 Evaluate the environmental impacts through modeling techniques;
 Identify extent of negative impacts on community/natural resources; and
 Identify mitigation measures and monitoring requirements.
6
Environmental Impact Assessment – Cycle & Procedure
The EIA process in India is made of the following phases:-
Screening
Scoping & consideration of alternatives
Baseline data collection
Predication of Impacts due to the project by using software/mathematical models.
Mitigation measures / environmental management plan
Public hearing
Environmental Monitoring plan
Appraisal of the project by the expert committee
Grant of Environmental Clearance with specific and general conditions.
7
NOTIFICATION OF
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
ASSESSMENT-2006
8
UNDERLYING BASIS, SPIRIT AND
PREAMBLE
 Protect environment and control pollution
 Environment Protection Act 1986 (May 1986)
 Environment Protection Rules 1986 (Nov 1986)

 Section 5 Environment Protection Rules 1986: Prohibitions and restrictions on
the location of industries; carrying on of processes and operations in different
areas
 EIA 1994
 Environment Protection Act 1986
 Discharge internationally agreed obligations under Rio Declaration
 EIA notification 2006 is supersession of EIA 1994, except in respect of

things done or omitted to be done before such supersession
9
Categorization of projects and
activities
 All projects and activities are broadly categorized in to two categories -

Category A and Category B
– spatial extent of impacts
– impacts on natural and man made resources
– impacts on human health
 Schedule of EIA notification
10
Requirements of prior Environmental Clearance (EC)
Which projects require EC?
Projects listed in the schedule to notification (as Category A and B

projects)
All new projects or activities listed in the Schedule to this notification
Expansion and modernization of existing projects or activities listed in

the Schedule to this notification
Any change in product - mix in an existing manufacturing unit included
in Schedule
11
Requirements of prior Environmental Clearance (EC)
Environmental Clearance by whom?
Category A projects: Central Government of India the Ministry of Environment

and Forests
Base decisions on the recommendation by Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC)
Category B projects: At state level the State Environment Impact Assessment

Authority (SEIAA)
 The SEIAA shall base its decision on the recommendations of a State or Union
territory level Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC) as to be constituted for in this
notification
 In the absence of a duly constituted SEIAA or SEAC, a Category ‘B’ project shall
be treated as a Category ‘A’ project
12
STATE LEVEL ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT AUTHORITY (SEIAA)
 SEIAA shall be constituted by the Central Government

 Comprising of Chairman and Members of committee
 Chairman and a member–secretary to be nominated by the State Government

or the Union territory Administration
 Rules for membership of SEIAA
 All decisions of the SEIAA shall be unanimous and taken in a appraisal meeting
13
Expert Committees for Screening, Scoping
and Appraisal (EAC and SEAC)
 Expert Committees
 Expert Appraisal Committees (EACs) at the Central Government
 State Expert Appraisal Committees (SEAC) at the State or the Union territory
 Responsible for screening, scoping and appraising projects
 Procedure for selection and maintenance of EAC and SEAC is given in notification
14
Application for Prior Environmental Clearance
 An application seeking prior environmental clearance in all cases

shall be made
 In the prescribed Form 1 and Supplementary Form 1A in case of building
projects
 After the identification of prospective site(s)
 After identification of activities
 Submit pre-feasibility report for all and conceptual plan for construction
activities
15
STAGES IN EC PROCESS
 Stage 1: Screening (Only for Category ‘B’ projects and

activities)
 Stage 2: Scoping
 Stage 3: Public Consultation
 Stage 4: Appraisal
 Sequential order
 All of which may not apply to particular cases as set forth in

this notification
16
STAGE 1: SCREENING
 Only for Category-B projects and activities to determine if they need EIA
 Category A projects compulsorily need EIA
 Scrutiny of an application seeking EC by SEAC for determining whether or not the

project or activity requires further environmental studies
 Form-1 & Prefeasibility report
 Form-1A for building projects.
 Classification of projects into B1 or B2, as per MoEF&CC guidelines
 Projects of B1 category (require EIA) and B2 category (don’t require EIA)
17
STAGES IN EC PROCESS
 Stage 1: Screening (Only for Category ‘B’ projects and activities)
 All of which may not apply to particular cases as set forth in this notification
18
Stage 2: SCOPING
 Who does the scoping?
 Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) in the case of Category ‘A’ projects or activities
 State level Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC) in the case of Category ‘B1’
projects
 Determine comprehensive Terms Of Reference (TOR) addressing all relevant

environmental concerns for preparation of an Environment Impact Assessment (EIA)
Report based on
 On the basis of the information furnished by applicant in the prescribed application

Form 1/Form 1A including pre-feasibility report
 A site visit by a sub- group of EAC or SEAC will be conducted only if considered
necessary
19
STAGE 2: SCOPING
 In the case of Category A Hydroelectric projects TOR shall be conveyed along with
the clearance for pre-construction activities
 If TOR not finalized and conveyed to the applicant within sixty days of the receipt of
Form-1, TOR suggested by the applicant shall be deemed as the final TOR
approved for the EIA studies
 Approved TOR shall be displayed on the website of the MoEF&CC or the

concerned SEIAA
 Applications for EC may be rejected at this stage itself
 The decision together with reasons for the same shall be communicated to
the applicant
 Prepare EIA draft report as per the approved ToR and Guidelines of MoEF&CC.
20
Stages in EC process
 All of which may not apply to particular cases as set forth in this notification
21
Stage 3: Public consultation
 Process by which the concerns of surrounding/adjacent/local affected persons and
others who have plausible stake in the environmental impacts of the project or
activity are ascertained
 All Category ‘A’ and Category B1 projects or activities shall undertake Public
Consultation
 Public Consultation shall ordinarily have two components
 Public hearing at the site or in its close proximity- district wise, to be carried out
in the manner prescribed in Appendix IV, for ascertaining concerns of local
affected persons
 Obtain responses in writing from other concerned persons having a plausible

stake in the environmental aspects of the project
22
Component 1: Public hearing
 Public hearing shall be conducted by the State Pollution Control Board (SPCB)
 Forward proceedings to the regulatory authority concerned within 45 days
 If not appoint another independent organization to do the same within another

45 days
 If the public agency nominated reports that it is not possible to conduct the public
hearing in a manner which will enable the views of the concerned local persons to
be freely expressed
 It shall report the facts in detail to the concerned regulatory authority
 After due consideration of the report shall rule that the public consultation in
the case need not include the public hearing
23
Component 2: Responses from other concerned persons
 Invite responses from such concerned persons by placing the Summary EIA report.
 Public hearing advertisement to be published in the 2 widely circulated news paper

(local & English languages)
 Make available on written request from any concerned person the Draft EIA report for
reference at a notified place during normal office hours till the date of the public
hearing
 All the responses received as part of this public consultation process shall be
forwarded to the applicant through the quickest available means
24
After public consultation…
 Applicant shall address all environmental concerns expressed

during this process
 Make appropriate changes in the draft EIA
 Final EIA report shall be submitted by the applicant to the

concerned regulatory authority for appraisal and grant of
Environmental clearance.
25
Stages in EC process
 All of which may not apply to particular cases as set forth in this
notification
26
Stage 4: Appraisal
 Detailed scrutiny by the EAC or SEAC of
 Documents like the Final EIA report
 Outcome of the public consultations including public hearing proceedings
 Submitted by the applicant to the regulatory authority concerned for grant of

environmental clearance
 Appraisal of all projects or activities which are not required to undergo public consultation, or
submit an Environment Impact Assessment report (Category B2) shall be carried out on the
basis
 Prescribed application Form-1
 Form -1A
 Any other relevant information
27
Stage 4: Appraisal Contd…
 EAC or SEAC shall recommend to the regulatory authority concerned
 Either for grant of prior environmental clearance on stipulated terms and

conditions
 Or rejection of the application for prior environmental clearance, together

with reasons for the same.
 Prescribed procedure for appraisal is given in Appendix V
28
Grant or Rejection of EC
 The regulatory authority shall consider the recommendations of the EAC or

SEAC concerned and convey its decision to the applicant
 The regulatory authority shall normally accept the recommendations of the

Expert Committees
 In cases where it disagrees with the recommendations of the Expert Committee

(Central or State), the regulatory authority shall request reconsideration by the
Central or State Expert Appraisal Committee
 After reconsideration, irrespective of views of Expert Committee, decision of the

regulatory authority concerned shall be final
29
Grant or Rejection of EC Contd…
 If decision not granted within stipulated time, the applicant may proceed as if the
environment clearance sought for has been granted or denied by the regulatory
authority in terms of the final recommendations of the Expert Committee concerned
 Deliberate concealment and/or submission of false or misleading information or
data which is material to screening or scoping or appraisal or decision on the
application shall make the application liable for rejection
 Rejection of an application or cancellation of a prior environmental clearance
already granted shall be decided by the regulatory authority, after giving a personal
hearing to the applicant, and following the principles of natural justice
30
Validity of Environmental Clearance
 Ten years in the case of River Valley projects
 Thirty years for mining projects
 Five years in the case of all other projects and activities
 Area Development projects and Townships, the validity period shall be limited
only to such activities as may be the responsibility of the applicant as a
developer
 Seven years for all others projects (Airports) and can be extended to five years.
31
Post Environmental Clearance Monitoring
 Mandatory for the project management to submit half-yearly compliance

reports in respect of the stipulated prior environmental clearance terms
32
Environmental Clearance Process
Environmental Base line data
33
Summary of EIA process and Timelines
Who does it?
Submission of application (Form 1, prelim reports)
Investor
Stage 1: Screening; Decide project A, B1 or B2

Expert
60 days
Stage 2: Scoping; Come up with Terms of Reference (TOR) Committee
90 days Environmental Base line Study
Investor
Prepare preliminary EIA report
State Pollution
45 days Stage 3: Public consultation (2 components) Control Board
Update EIA report (Investor)
Expert
60 days Stage 4: Appraisal
Committee
15 days
Regulatory
30 days Final Decision Authority
34
Legal & Institutional Frame Work - Environment
The key environmental legislations pertaining to the proposed operations include:

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974;
The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981;
The Environment Protection Act, 1986, Rules there under (with amendments);
 Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 2006; and
 The Hazardous Wastes (Management & Handling) Rules 2000.
 Biomedical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1998
 Municipal Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000
 Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991
 The National Environment Tribunal Act, 1995
 The Batteries (Management and Handling) Rules, 2001
E-Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 2010
35
Legal & Institutional Frame Work
 Workmen's Compensation Act, 1923
 The Trade Unions Act, 1926
 The Petroleum Act, 1934 and the Petroleum Rules
 The Industrial Disputes Act, 1947
 Factories Act, 1948
 Minimum Wages Act, 1948
 Employees State Insurance Act, 1948
 Employees Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952
 The Maternity Benefits Act, 1961
 Personal Injuries (Emergency Provisions) Act, 1962
 Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970
 The Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972
 The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986
 The Building & Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service)
Act,1996
 Electricity Act, 2003
 Right to Information Act, 2005
36
Thank you
List of Projects or Activities Requiring Prior Environmental
Clearance
Project or Activity Category with threshold limit Conditions if any

A B
1 Mining, extraction of natural resources and power

generation (for a specified production capacity)
(a) (2) (3) (4) (5)
(1)
Mining of minerals  50 ha. of mining < 50 ha  5 General Condition shall
1(a) lease area inha .of mining apply
respect of non-coal lease area. In Note:
mine lease respect of non Mineral prospecting
coal mine lease (not involving drilling)
 150 ha. of mining < 150 ha  5 are exempted provided
lease area inha .of mining the concession areas
respect to coal mine lease area. In have got previous
lease respect to coal clearance for physical
mine lease. survey
Asbestos mining Note: Mineral
ii) Slurry pipelines irrespective of prospecting is exempted
(coal lignite and mining area
other ores)
passing through
national parks / All projects
sanctuaries/coral/
reefs ,
ecologically
sensitive areas 38
List of Projects or Activities Requiring Prior Environmental
Clearance

A B
1 Mining, extraction of natural resources and power generation

(for a specified production capacity)
(a) (2) (3) (4) (5)
(1)
1(b) Offshore and All projects Note
onshore oil Exploration Surveys
and gas (not involving drilling)
exploration, are exempted
development provided the
& production concession areas have
got previous clearance
for physical survey
1(c) River Valley(i)  50 MW (i) < 50 MW  25 MW General Condition
projects hydroelectric power hydroelectric power shall apply
generation; generation; Irrigation projects not
(ii)  10,000 ha. of (ii) < 10,000 ha. of involving
culturable command culturable command submergence or inter-
area area state domain shall be
appraised by SEIAA as
Category B projects.
39
List of Projects or Activities Requiring Prior Environmental Clearance
Contd…

A B
1 Mining, extraction of natural resources and power generation (for a

specified production capacity)
(a) (2) (3) (4) (5)
(1)
1 (d) Thermal Power< 500 MW (coal / lignite / naptha & gas General Condition shall
Plants based); apply
< 50 MW
 5MW (Pet coke ,diesel and all other
fuels ) Including refinery residual oil waste
except biomass
1(e) Nuclear power All projects -
projects and
processing of
nuclear fuel
2 Primary Processing
2 (a) Coal Washeries  1 million <1million General Condition shall apply
ton/annum ton / annum (If located within mining area the
throughput of coal throughput of proposal shall be appraised together
coal with the mining proposal)
2 (b) Mineral  0.1 million < 0.1 million General Condition shall apply (Mining
beneficiation ton/annum mineral ton / annum proposal with Mineral beneficiation
throughput mineral shall be appraised together for grant
throughput of clearance)
40
Contd…

A B
(a) (2) (3) (4) (5)
(1)
3(a) Metallurgical a) Primary metallurgical Sponge iron General
industries industry manufacturing Condition shall
(ferrous & non All projects <200TPD apply for
ferrous) iron Secondary Sponge iron
b) Sponge
metallurgical manufacturing
manufacturing ≥ 200 TPD
processing industry
c) Secondary metallurgical i.)All toxic
processing industry And heavy metal
All toxic and heavy metal producing units
producing units <20,000
 20,000 tonnes /annum tonnes/annum
ii.)All other non –
toxic secondary
metallurgical
processing industries
> 5000
tonnes/annum
3(b) Cement plants  1.0 million tonnes/annum <1.0 million tonnes / General
production capacity annum production Condition shall
capacity. All Stand apply
alone grinding units 41
Contd…

A B

(a) (2) (3) (4) (5)
(1)
4(a) Petroleum All projects - -
refining
industry
4 (b) Coke oven  2,50,000 tonnes/annum <2,50,000 & -

plants 25,000
tonnes/annum
4 (c) Asbestos All projects
milling and
asbestos
based
products
4 (d) Chlor-alkali 300 TPD production <300 TPD Specific Condition shall
industry capacity or a unit located production apply
out side the notified capacity
industrial area/ estate and located No new Mercury Cell
within abased plants will be
notified permitted and existing
industrial area/ units converting to
estate membrane cell 42
Contd…

A B

(a) (2) (3) (4) (5)
(1)
4 ( e) Soda AshAll Projects - -
Industry
4 (f) Leather/skin/h New projects outside the All new or Specific condition shall
ide processingindustrial area or expansion of apply
industry expansion of existing units projects
out side the industrial area located within
a notified
industrial area/
estate
5 Manufacturing/Fabrication
5 (a) Chemical All projects - -
fertilizers
5 (b) Pesticides All units producing - -
industry andtechnical grade pesticides
pesticide
specific
intermediates
(excluding
formulations)
43
Contd…

A B

(a) (2) (3) (4) (5)
(1)
5 (c) Petro-chemical complexes All projects
(industries based on
processing of petroleum
fractions & natural gas
and/or reforming to
aromatics)
5 (d) Manmade fibres Rayon
manufacturing
5 (e) Petrochemical based Located out Located in a Specific Condition shall
processing (processes side the notified apply
other than cracking & notified industrial area/
reformation and not industrial area/ estate
covered under the estate
complexes) -
5 (f) Synthetic organic Located out Located in a Specific Condition shall
chemicals industry (dyes & side the notified apply
dye intermediates; bulk notified industrial area/
drugs and intermediates industrial area/ estate
excluding drug estate
formulations; synthetic 44
rubbers; basic organic
Contd…
A B
1 Mining, extraction of natural resources and power generation

(for a specified production capacity)
(a) (2) (3) (4) (5)
(1)
5(g) Distilleries (i)All Molasses All Cane General Condition shall
based distilleries juice/non- apply
(ii) All Cane juice/ molasses
non-molasses based
based distilleries distilleries –
30 KLD <30 KLD
5 (h) Integrated paint - All projects General Condition shall

industry apply
5(i) Pulp & paper industry Pulp Paper General Condition shall
excluding manufacturing manufacturing apply
manufacturing of paper and industry
from waste paper and without pulp
manufacture of paper Pulp& Paper manufacturing
from ready pulp with manufacturing
out bleaching industry
5 (j) Sugar Industry -  5000 tcd General Condition shall
cane crushing apply
capacity
5 (k) Induction/arc - All projects General Condition shall
furnaces/cupola apply
45
furnaces 5TPH or more
Contd…
A B

(a) (2) (3) (4) (5)
(1)
6 Service Sectors
6 (a) Oil & gas transportation pipe -- All projects -
line (crude and refinery/
petrochemical products),
passing through national
parks / sanctuaries /coral
reefs /ecologically sensitive
areas including LNG Terminal
6 (b) Isolated storage & handling -- All projects General Condition shall
of hazardous chemicals (As apply
per threshold planning
quantity indicated in column
3 of schedule 2 & 3 of MSIHC
Rules 1989 amended 2000)
7 Physical Infrastructure including Environmental Services
7 (a) Air ports All projects
7 (b) All ship breaking yards All projects

including ship breaking units
46
Contd…

A B

(a) (2) (3) (4) (5)
(1)
7(c) If at least one industry in Industrial estates Industrial Special condition
the proposed industrial housing at least estates shall apply
estate falls under the one Category B housing at
Category A, entire industrial industry and area least one Note:
area shall be treated as <500 ha. Category B Industrial Estate of
Category A, irrespective of industry and area below 500 ha.
the area. Industrial area <500 ha. and not housing
Industrial estates with area estates of area> any industry of
greater than 500 ha. and 500 ha. and not category A or B
housing at least one housing any does not require
Category B industry. industry clearance.
belonging to
Category A or B.
7(d) Common hazardous waste All integrated All facilities General Condition
treatment, storage and facilities having having land shall apply
disposal facilities (TSDFs) incineration fill only
&landfill or
incineration
alone
7 (e) Ports, Harbours  5 million TPA of < 5 million General Condition
47
cargo handling TPA of cargo shall apply
Contd…

A B

(a) (2) (3) (4) (5)
(1)
7(f) Highways i) New National High i) New State High General Condition
rbo ways; and ways; and shall apply
ii) Expansion of
National High waysii) Expansion of
greater than 30 KM, National / State
involving additional Highways greater
right of way greater than 30 km
than 20m involving involving
land acquisition andadditional right of
passing through more way greater than
than one State 20m involving land
acquisition.
7 (g) Aerial ropeways - All projects General Condition
shall apply
7 (h) Common Effluent - All projects General Condition
Treatment Plants shall apply
(CETPs)
7 (i) Common - All projects General Condition
Municipal Solid shall apply
Waste
48
Management
Contd…

A B
1 Mining, extraction of natural resources and power generation (for

a specified production capacity)
(a) (2) (3) (4) (5)
(1)
8
8 (a) Building and ≥20000 sq.mtrs and #(built up area for
Construction projects <1,50,000 sq.mtrs. of covered construction;
built-up area# in the case of facilities
open to the sky, it will
be the activity area )
8b Townships and Area Covering an area ≥ 50 ++All projects under
Development ha and or built up area Item 8(b) shall be
Note:- projects. ≥1,50,000 sq .mtrs ++ appraised as Category
General Condition (GC):
Any project or activity specified in Category ‘B’ will be treated as Category A, if located in B1
whole or in part within 10 km
from the boundary of: (i) Protected Areas notified under the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972, (ii) Critically Polluted
areas as notified by the Central Pollution Control Board from time to time, (iii) Notified Eco-sensitive areas, (iv) inter-
State boundaries and international boundaries.

Specific Condition (SC):
If any Industrial Estate/Complex / Export processing Zones /Special Economic Zones/Biotech Parks / Leather Complex
with homogeneous type of industries such as Items 4(d), 4(f), 5(e), 5(f), or those Industrial estates with pre –defined
set of activities (not necessarily homogeneous, obtains prior environmental clearance, individual industries including
proposed industrial housing within such estates /complexes will not be required to take prior environmental
clearance, so long as the Terms and Conditions for the industrial estate/complex are complied with (Such
estates/complexes must have a clearly identified management with the legal responsibility of ensuring adherence
to the Terms and Conditions of prior environmental clearance, who may be held responsible for violation of the same
throughout the life of the complex/estate).
49

GMR Goa International Airport Limited

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 Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) can be defined as the study to

 EIA compares various alternatives for a project to identify the best

 EIA integrates the environmental concerns in the development activities in

 Environmental Impact Assessment started as mandatory regulatory

 Now EIA is a formal process In more than 100 countries.

 Environmental clearance from central government is required for various

 Integrity : The EIA Process should be fair, objective, unbiased

 Utility : It provides credible information for decision making.

 Sustainability : The EIA process should result in safeguarding

 Conducting field sampling/monitoring of environmental attributes to establish the baseline

 Prepare an Environment Management Plan (EMP) to mitigate the predicted impacts;

 Reconnaissance survey to be conducted by the consultants and concerned officials and

 Predominant wind directions in the study area as recorded by India Meteorological

 Location of villages/towns/sensitive areas; and Areas which represent baseline conditions.

 The field observations are used to:

 Identify extent of negative impacts on community/natural resources; and

 Identify mitigation measures and monitoring requirements.

The EIA process in India is made of the following phases:-

Scoping & consideration of alternatives

Baseline data collection

Predication of Impacts due to the project by using software/mathematical models.

Mitigation measures / environmental management plan

Environmental Monitoring plan

Appraisal of the project by the expert committee

Grant of Environmental Clearance with specific and general conditions.

 Environment Protection Act 1986 (May 1986)

 Environment Protection Rules 1986 (Nov 1986)

 Discharge internationally agreed obligations under Rio Declaration

 EIA notification 2006 is supersession of EIA 1994, except in respect of

 All projects and activities are broadly categorized in to two categories -

– spatial extent of impacts

– impacts on natural and man made resources

– impacts on human health

 Schedule of EIA notification

Which projects require EC?

Projects listed in the schedule to notification (as Category A and B

All new projects or activities listed in the Schedule to this notification

Expansion and modernization of existing projects or activities listed in

Environmental Clearance by whom?

Category A projects: Central Government of India the Ministry of Environment

Category B projects: At state level the State Environment Impact Assessment

 SEIAA shall be constituted by the Central Government

 Chairman and a member–secretary to be nominated by the State Government

 Rules for membership of SEIAA

 Expert Appraisal Committees (EACs) at the Central Government

 Responsible for screening, scoping and appraising projects

 An application seeking prior environmental clearance in all cases

 After the identification of prospective site(s)

 After identification of activities

 Stage 1: Screening (Only for Category ‘B’ projects and

 Stage 3: Public Consultation

 All of which may not apply to particular cases as set forth in

 Category A projects compulsorily need EIA

 Scrutiny of an application seeking EC by SEAC for determining whether or not the

 Form-1A for building projects.

 Classification of projects into B1 or B2, as per MoEF&CC guidelines

 Projects of B1 category (require EIA) and B2 category (don’t require EIA)

 Stage 1: Screening (Only for Category ‘B’ projects and activities)

 Stage 3: Public Consultation

 Who does the scoping?

 Determine comprehensive Terms Of Reference (TOR) addressing all relevant