HEAT TRANSFER

(Conduction, Convection, Radiation)

Prepared by:
Sherwin C. Sarzuelo
 HEAT TRANSFER
- is the process of transfer of heat from high
temperature reservoir to low temperature
reservoir.
When there is no heat difference then HEAT
TRANSFER cannot take place.
 CONDUCTION
is the transfer of heat
internal energy by
microscopic collisions of
particles and movement
of electrons within a
body.
Why is conduction easier in solids and liquids?
Atoms and molecules
are closer together in
solids and liquids. So,
the particles need to
move only a short
distance before they
bump into one another
and transfer energy.
 CONDUCTION
Substances that transfer thermal energy very well
are called Conductors.

Substances that do not transfer thermal energy very

well are called Insulators.
 CONDUCTION
Example:

Heat will transfer from a hot burner on the

stove into a pot or pan.
 Formula
Area
Amount of Heat Change in temperature
Energy ∆T

Rate of Heat Flow Thermal Distance or

conductivity of a Thickness of the
substance substance
 Problem
What is the rate of heat flow through a glass window that is 2m x 3m and 1.4
cm thick if the outside temperature is 22°C and the inside temperature is
25°C? k = 0.84 J/sm°C ?

Given: Find:
A = 2m x 3m = 6𝑚2 𝑄
=?
d = 1.4 cm = 0.014 m 𝑡
𝑇𝑓 = 25°C
𝑇𝑖 = 22°C
k = 0.84 J/sm°C
𝑄 𝑘𝐴(𝑇𝑓 − 𝑇𝑖 )
Solution
=
𝑡 𝑑
(
0.84 𝐽
)(6 𝑚 2
)(25°C − 22°C ) This means that every second
𝑄 𝑠. 𝑚. °C
= 1,080 joules of energy is being
𝑡 0.014 𝑚 transferred to the glass window.
0.84 𝐽 2 )(3°C )
𝑄 ( )(6 𝑚
= 𝑠. 𝑚. °C
𝑡 0.014 𝑚
𝑄
= 1,080 J/s or 1, 080 W
𝑡
 Problem
The inner and outer surfaces of a 5m x 6m brick wall of thickness 30 cm and
thermal conductivity of 0.69 J/sm°C are maintained at 20°C and 5°C. What is
the rate of heat transfer through the wall ?

Correct Answer:
𝑄
= 1,035 W
𝑡
 CONVECTION
- is the process of heat
transfer from one location to
the next by the movement of
fluids. The moving fluid
carries energy with it. The
fluid flows from a high
temperature location to a
low temperature location.
 CONVECTION
Examples:

Hot air rising,

cooling, and falling
(convection currents)
RADIATION
Radiation is heat transfer through
space by electromagnetic waves

Unlike Conduction and

Convection, Radiation can occur
in empty space,
as well as in solids, liquids, and
gases.
 RADIATION
Waves such as visible light,
infrared, and ultraviolet light are
examples of radiation
 RADIATION
Examples:
Heat from the sun warming your face
Heat from a light bulb
Heat from a fire
 RADIATION
Emissivity of an
object (e= 1 for
ideal radiator) Temperature
Rate of Heat Flow
Area
𝑄 4
=𝑒𝜎𝐴𝑇
𝑡
Stefan-Boltzman constant
(𝝈 = 𝟓. 𝟔𝟕 𝒙 𝟏𝟎−𝟖 𝑾/𝒎𝟐 𝑲𝟒 )
 Problem
A sphere (e= 0.42) of radius 25cm is at 27°C. It ′ s placed in a room with a
temperature of 2°C . What is the rate of heat energy leaving the sphere?

Given: Find:
e = 0.42 𝑄
=?
σ = 5.67 x 10−8 W/m2 K 4 𝑡
r = 25 cm = 0.25 m
𝑇 = 27°C = 300 K
 Solution
A = 4πr 2
= 4 (3.14) (0.25 𝑚)2
𝑄 = 0.785 𝑚2
= 𝑒𝜎𝐴𝑇 4
𝑡
𝑊
= 0.42 5.67 𝑥 10−8 (0.785 𝑚2 )(8.10 𝑥109 𝐾 4 )
𝑚2 𝐾 4

= 151.4 𝑊
Therefore, the sphere emits 151.4 joules of energy in every
second.
 Problem
A solid metal sphere (emissivity= 0.65) has a radius of 5cm is heated to
600°C and suspended from a thin wire in the center of a room. At what rate is
heat released to the room?

Correct Answer:
𝑄
= 672 W
𝑡
REFERENCES:
Your Dictionary. Examples of Conduction. Retrieved on August 30, 2019 from
https://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-conduction.html

Bright Hub Engineering. What is Heat Transfer? What is Conduction Heat transfer? What is
Convection Heat Transfer? What is Radiation Heat Transfer?. Retrieved on August 30, 2019
from https://www.brighthubengineering.com/hvac/5231-what-is-heat-transfer/

Your Dictionary. Examples of Conduction. Retrieved on August 30, 2019 from

https://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-conduction.html

Stack Exchange. (2013). Example of situation with conduction, convection, and radiation.
Retrieved on August 30, 2019
fromhttps://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/62423/example-of-situation-with-
conduction-convection-and-radiation
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