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NURS 1300
Unit V
Mental Health Alterations
Objective 1
Describe the mood disorders
Mood disorder = a condition in which the
prevailing emotional mood is distorted or
inappropriate to the circumstances
Types of mood disorder
major depression
bipolar disorder
alternation between significantly depressed
mood and significantly elevated mood (mania)
over time
Mood disorders may present with
psychotic symptoms
Objective 2
Describe the nursing interventions and
medical treatment for clients with a
mood disorder
group therapy
behavior modification
medications
anxiety
depression
Objective 7 (cont’d)
Nursing diagnoses –
Ineffective coping R/T personality
disorder AEB reliance on maladaptive
defense mechanisms
Risk for self-harm R/T unresolved fear of
abandonment AEB attention-seeking
behaviors and threats against self
Depression R/T self-directed anger AEB
social withdrawal and isolation
Objective 8
Describe behaviors of the
schizophrenic client and identify
causes of schizophrenia
Disordered thinking
Unusual speech
Apathetic personality
Changing behaviors
Social isolation and withdrawal
Distorted perceptions of reality
Etiology of schizophrenia
Catatonic type
prominent psychomotor disturbances
stupor
waxy flexibility
Disorganized type
disordered thoughts
flat affect
Types of schizophrenia (cont’d)
Paranoid type
delusions
hallucinations
Residual type
low intensity of symptoms
Undifferentiated type
presence of symptoms from more than one
subtype of schizophrenia
Objective 10
Discuss the medical treatment and
nursing interventions for the
schizophrenic client
Medical treatment for the client with
schizophrenia involves therapy modalities
and antipsychotic medication
Therapies include psychotherapy, family
education, and community support
Hospitalization is often required to treat
severe delusions, hallucinations, or self-
care deficits
Nursing diagnoses for schizophrenia
Disturbed thought processes R/T
delusions/concrete thinking/paranoia AEB
bizarre statements and behaviors
Disturbed sensory perception R/T
hallucinations/illusions AEB inability to tolerate
group therapy, talking to self, or looking for or
at something that is not there
Impaired verbal communication R/T delayed
thinking AEB very slow and delayed speech
Self-care deficit R/T withdrawal and loss of
motivation and judgment AEB poor hygiene,
poor grooming, and avoiding others
Nursing assessment and interventions
for a client with schizophrenia
Refer to assigned readings for complete nursing
assessment of the schizophrenic client
Nursing interventions –
use nonconfrontational speech and mannerisms
encourage communication and expression of
feelings and fears
decrease stimuli and offer quiet activity
seek clarification of statements
provide recognition for constructive self-care
activities
make adjustments in food preparation and
service for patients with paranoia
Objective 11
Identify classifications, uses, actions,
and side effects for selected
classifications of psychoactive
medications as they relate to the
above mental health alterations