COMPANY PROFILE

Advance
Technology
Today Advance Technology is well established
and is rated along the top companies in
north India as a fast growing specialize
technology segment .
Advance Technology : a leading company in
embedded system , established in 1999 with the
motivation to bridge the gap .
Advance Technology is a powerful vendor in
the northern
region and has its corporate offices in
Chandigarh (H.O), Delhi, and Mumbai and
Hyderabad . Advance Technology founded in
1999 , is an company , specializing in Embedded
System , Test & Measuring service utility
operations and maintenance support services .
Their project support includes both domestic
and international projects .
 ATS SOLUTION

ATS Solution is a member of

the AT Group, Which offers
wide range of

.Surveillance solutions
(Monitoring, Controlling )
.Recording of Camera Images
in Digital Video Format
.Home and Large enterprises
security & surveillance
solution
 EMBEDDED SYSTEM
An Embedded System employs a combination of hardware &
software (a “computational engine”) to perform a specific function;
is part of a larger system that may not be a “computer works in a
reactive and time-constrained environment. Software is used for
providing features and flexibility Hardware = {Processors, ASICs,
Memory...} is used for performance (& sometimes security).

Embedded system means the processor is embedded into that

application.

An embedded product uses a microprocessor or microcontroller to

do one task only.
In an embedded system, there is only one application software that is
typically burned into ROM.
Hosts of embedded system are cellular phones ,industrial
machines,cars etc.
MICROPROCESSOR (MPU)
A microprocessor is a general-purpose digital computer
central processing unit (CPU). Although popularly known
as a “computer on a chip”is in no sense a complete
digital computer. The block diagram of a microprocessor
CPU is shown, which contains an arithmetic and
logical unit (ALU), a program counter (PC), a stack
pointer (SP),some working registers, a clock timing
circuit, and interrupt circuits.
CPU Data Bus
General-
Purpose
Micro-
processor
I/O Serial
Port COM
RAM ROM Timer Port
MICROCONTROLLER
Figure shows the block diagram of a typical
microcontroller, which is a true computer on a chip. The
design incorporates all of the features found in
micro-processor CPU, ALU, PC, SP, and registers. It also
added the other features needed to make a complete
computer: ROM, RAM, parallel I/O , serial I/O, counters, and
clock circuit.

CPU RAM ROM

A single
Serial chip
I/O COM
Port Timer Port
THE CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT:

The central processing unit

(CPU) does all the computing: it
fetches, decodes and executes
program instructions and directs the
flow of data to and from memory. The
CPU performs the calculations
required by program instructions and
places the results of these
calculations, if required, into
memory space.
Comparison of the RISC and CISC
architecture:-
CISC RISC
Emphasis on hardware Emphasis on software
Includes multi-clock Single-clock,
complex instructions reduced instruction only
Memory-to-memory: Register to register:
"LOAD" and "STORE" "LOAD" and "STORE"
incorporated in instructions are independent instructions

Small code sizes, Low cycles per second,

high cycles per second large code sizes
Transistors used for storing Spends more transistors
complex instructions on memory registers
PIN DESCRIPTION OF
P89C51RD2:-
VCC:
Pin 40 provides supply voltage to the chip. The voltage
source is +5 Volts.

GND:
Pin 20 is the ground.

XTAL1 and XTAL2:

The 8051 has an on chip oscillator but requires an

external clock to run it. Most often a quartz crystal
oscillator is connected to inputs XTAL1 (pin 19) and
XTAL2 (pin 18). The quartz crystal oscillator connected
to XTAL1 and XTAL2 also needs two capacitors of 30 pf
value. One side of each capacitor is connected to the
ground. Speed refers to the maximum oscillator frequency
connected to XTAL .When the 8051 is connected to a
crystal oscillator is powered up we can observe the
frequency on the XTAL2 pin using the oscilloscope.
RST:
Pin 9 is the RESET pin . It is an input and is active high .
Upon applying a high pulse to this pin the microcontroller
well reset and terminate all activities . This is often
referred to as a power on reset . Activating a power on reset
will cause all values the registers to be lost . It will set
program counter to all 0s .

PSEN :
This is an output pin . PSEN stands for “ program store
enable ”. In an 8031 based system in which an external ROM
holds the program code , this pin is connected to the OE pin
of the ROM .
 
ALE :
ALE stands for “ address latch enable . It is an output pin
and is active high . When connecting an 8031 to external
memory , port 0 provides both address and data .

EA :
The 8051 family members such as the 8751 / 52 , 89C51 / 52 or
DS89C4 * 0 all come with on chip ROM to store programs . In
such cases the EA pin is connected to Vcc . For family
members such as the 8031 and 8032 in which there is no on
•Port 0 （ pins 32 - 39 ）： P0 （ P0 . 0 ～
P0 . 7 ）
•Port 1 （ pins 1 - 8 ） ： P1 （ P1 . 0 ～
P1 . 7 ）
•Port 2 （ pins 21 - 28 ）： P2 （ P2 . 0 ～
P2 . 7 ）
•The 8051 has four I / O ports
•Port 3 （ pins 10 - 17 ）： P3 （ P3 . 0 ～
P3 . 7 ）
•Each port has 8 pins.
•Named P0 . X （ X = 0 , 1 ,..., 7 ） , P1 . X , P2 . X ,
P3 . X
•Ex ： P0 . 0 is the bit 0 （ LSB ） of P0
•Ex ： P0 . 7 is the bit 7 （ MSB ） of P0
 Port 0 with Pull-Up
Resistors
Vcc
10
K
P0.0
DS5000 P0.1

Port 0
P0.2
8751 P0.3
8951 P0.4
P0.5
P0.6
P0.7
 74LS373
PSEN OE
ALE 74LS37 OC
G
P0 . 0 3 A0
D
P0 . 7 A7

D0
D7
EA

P2 . 0 A8
P2 . 7 A15

8051 ROM
 ALE PIN
•When ALE=0, P0 provides data D0-
D7.
•When ALE=1, P0 provides address
A0-A7.
•The reason is to allow P0 to multiplex
address and data.
•The ALE pin is used for de-
multiplexing the address and data by
connecting to the G pin of the
74LS373 latch.
 Comparison of the
8051 Family Members
Feature 8051 8052 8031
ROM (program
space in bytes) 4K 8K 0K

RAM (bytes) 128 256 128

Timers 2 3 2
I/O pins 32 32 32
Serial port 1 1 1
Interrupt sources 6 8 6
DIFFERENT TOOLS
REQUIRED
. KEIL MICROVISION 3.0
(COMPILER)
. FLASH MAGIC
. WINDOWS XP
. 8051 PROGRAMMING TOOL
. SUPPLY
. 8051 EMBEDDED MODULE
Programming Tool: FLASH MAGIC
1.Double Click on the icon
present on the desktop.

Fig8.1:
2. The following window will be
popped-up
3. Go to the project & click on new
project
4.Make a folder on desktop & give file
name.
5.When you click on the save button ,following
window opens
6. Select Philips &89c51rd2xx
7. Then select NO on the pop-up
given below.
8.Then make a New File
_
9. Write or copy your gsm code there &
save it with extension .c or .asm
depending on your coding
10. Go to target & then source group,
right click on there & click on the option
add files to the project.
11. Select your asm or c file which you
want to add
12.Go to the option for target,
click on output &tick on create hex
file option
13. Now build target.
(Click on the pointed option)
14. It will show you 0 errors & 0 warning on
Output Window.

↑↑
dow13

After performing all these steps the chip will be

configured through Flash Magic .Let us hand on the
steps of chip configuration through Flash
Magic………
 How to use FLASH-MAGIC
1. Double Click on the icon present on the
desktop.

Flash magic icon

The following window will be displayed

Press “cancel” to continue.

Configuration:
Click options and then click advanced
options…
Now set the parameters as shown below
_After selection of the chip (P89C51RDHxx) ,
Port (Com1), Osc.Mhz(11.0592) we can see the
window as below:
Select the blocks to erase,
browse for the hex file to be
loaded. Press Start
Within 5-6 seconds the
message will be displayed
programming in c
//W.A.P. in C for 8051 to glow LEDS one by one
#include<reg51.h>
void delay(void)
{
int i;
for (i=0;i<30000;i++);
}
void main()
{
P0=0x01;
delay();
P0=0x02;
delay();
P0=0x04;
delay();
P0=0x08;
delay();
P0=0x10;
delay();
P0=0x20;
delay();
P0=0x40;
delay();
P0=0x80;
delay();
}