Intelligent automatic street light control

system using high sensitive LDR

Under the guidance of
:dr.n.ramesh babu
sudimitted by batch-7
t.shanthi bhargavi
d.swathi
s.Eswar chandra
Ch.rakesh
contents
 Introduction
 Main Components
 Block diagram
 Circuit diagram
 Working
 Advantages
 Disadvantages
 Applications
 Future improvement
 Conclusion
Inroduction
Automatic Street Light Control System is
a simple yet powerful concept, which uses
transistor as a switch.
 It automatically switches ON or OFF
lights depending on the intensity of light.
This is done by a sensor called Light
Dependant Resistor (LDR)
Main Components
 LDR
 LED
 Transistor(NPN bipolar,BC547)
 Microcontroller(8051)
block diagram
Block Diagram: Solar Highway Lighting System with Auto Turn off on Day Time

Load Status
Indicator

LDR Driver ckt

Micro controller

led

Step Bridge Filter

down Rectifier Circuit Regulator
T/F

To all sections
Circuit Diagram
 LDR:
 It is a passive element.
 LDR is ‘Light dependent resistor’ whose
resistance varies in inverse to the intensity of
light falling on it.
 Its maximum resistance is 1MΩ .
 LED:
 It is a active low voltage semiconductor device.
 Light emitting diode emits light when current
flow through it.
 NPN Transistor:
 It is a general purpose silicon, NPN, bipolar
junction transistor. It is used for amplification &
switching purpose.
 Here, for switching purpose it is biased so that it
remains on if there is signal at its base , other-
wise it is completely off.
 Microcontroller:
 MC8051 is a 8-bit controller.
 It contains code memory or program memory
4K so that is has 4KB Rom and it also comprise
of data memory (RAM) of 128 bytes ,two 16-it
timers.
Working
 The resistance of LDR changes depending on
intensity of light falling on it
 According to the change in LDR resistance,the
transistor is operated in saturation or cutoff
region to act as switch.
Advantages
 No man power required.
 Simple Construction.
 Efficient method.
 Less Consumption of electrical energy.
 Less maintenance.
 Cheap and economical.
Disadvantages
 Limitation of power.
 Led is a low voltage device.
 Light turns ON when the shadow falls on
LDR.
Applications
 Balcony.
 Street Light.
 Garden Lights.
 Parking lights.
 Road Lights.
Future improvement
 We can modify this project for
commercial use.
 It is possible to make the project
appropriate for high voltage of power.
Conclusion
 This project is cost effective, practical,
ecofriendly and a safest way to save
energy.
 Initial cost and maintenance can be the
drawback of this project.
 keeping in view the long term benefits
and the initial cost could never be a
problem as the investment return time is
very less.