A TECHNICAL SEMINOR

ON

WATER JET CUTTING

Presented by
M DEVENDAR
16571A0308
CONENTS
• Introduction
• Why use water jet
• History
• How water jet works
• Types of Water jet
• Advantages
• Disadvantages
• Applications
• Conclusion
 INTRODUCTION
• It is a tool using a jet of water at high
velocity and pressure
• The process is same as water erosion found
in nature but is greatly accelerated and
concentrated.
• True cold cutting process –no HAZ, no
mechanical stresses and environmental
hazards.
• Not limited to machining –It has food
industrial applications.
• They are fast, flexible, reasonably precise.
Why use water jet
• It can cut almost everything, with greater efficiency and productivity.
• It is one of the fastest growing major machine tool processes in the world
due to its versatility and ease of operation.
• Water jets cut accurately, reduced scrap saving money through greater
material utilization.
• As it is software oriented, we get correct shape, dimensions and size.
• Dr. Franz in 1950’s first studied water cutting
History

• Dr. Franz in 1950’s first studied water cutting for forestry and wood cutting.
• 1979 Dr. Mohamed Hashish added abrasive particles to increase cutting
force and ability to cut hard materials including steel, glass and concrete.
• First commercial use was in automotive industry to cut glass in 1983
• Soon after, adopted by aerospace industry for cutting high-strength
materials like stainless steel and titanium as well as composites like carbon
fiber.
 How Water Jet Works
• High pressure (60,000 psi), which when
bombarded on the work piece erodes the
material.
• A high velocity water jet when directed at a
target in such a way that, its velocity in
virtually reduced to zero on striking the
surface. Because of this water jet will make a
hole in the material if the pressure is high
enough.
• Many variables such as nozzle orifice
diameter, water pressure, cutting feed rate
and the stand distance affect the
performance.
Types of water jet cutting

• The two types of water jets

1. Pure water jet
2. abrasive water jet.
• A pure water jet is used to cut soft materials, and within just 2 minutes the
very same water jet can be transformed into an abrasive water jet to cut
hard materials by adding abrasives to it.
• Pure water jet uses pure pressurized water whereas abrasives water jet
uses abrasives like Aluminum oxide, silicon carbide and garnet.
 Pure Water Jet Cutting

• Pure Water jet is the original water cutting method. In

which pure water is compressed at very high pressure &
released through a narrow opening.
• It forms water jet, which comes out at the speed of up
to 850 m/s
• The largest uses for pure water jet cutting are
disposable diapers, tissue paper, and automotive
interiors .
• Provides Very thin stream (0.004 to 0.010 inch in
diameter is the common range) .
• Very little material loss due to precise cutting.
Abrasive Water Jet Cutting
• In the abrasive water jet, the water jet stream
accelerates abrasive particles and those particles, not
the water, erode the material.
• he abrasive Water jet is hundreds of times more
powerful than a pure Water jet.
• Extremely versatile process, No Heat Affected Zones,
No mechanical stresses.
• Easy to program .
• Thin stream (0.020 to 0.050 inch in diameter) .
• 10 inch thick cutting, Little material loss due to cutting.
• Quickly switch from pure water jet to abrasive water
jet.
Advantages
• Cheaper than other processes.
• Cut any material. (mild steel, copper, brass, aluminum; brittle materials like
glass, ceramic, quartz, stone)
• Make all sorts of shapes with only one tool.
• Unlike machining or grinding, water jet cutting does not produce any dust
or particles that are harmful if inhaled.
• Leaves a smooth finish, thus reducing secondary operations.
• Clean cutting process without gasses or oils.
Disadvantages

• Another disadvantage is that very thick parts can not be cut with water jet
cutting and still hold dimensional accuracy. If the part is too thick, the jet
may dissipate some, and cause it to cut on a diagonal.
• Taper is also a problem with water jet cutting in very thick materials. Taper is
when the jet exits the part at a different angle than it enters the part, and
can cause dimensional inaccuracy
Applications
• Paint removal
• Cleaning
• Cutting soft materials
• Cutting frozen meat
• Textile, Leather industry
• Surgery
• Cutting
• Drilling
• Turning
• Glass Fiber Metal
Conclusion
• Relatively new technology has caught on quickly and is replacing century-
old methods for machining.
• Used not only in typical machining applications, but food and soft-goods
industries.
• As material and pump technology advances faster cutting rates, longer
component life and tighter tolerances will be achievable.
• Gave us the way for new machining processes that embrace simplicity and
have a small environmental impact
ANY QUERIES ?
THANK YOU