Chapter 10

Conic Sections

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 Chapter Sections
10.1 – The Parabola and the Circle

10.2 – The Ellipse

10.3 – The Hyperbola

10.4 – Nonlinear Systems of Equations and Their

Applications

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§ 10.1

The Parabola and

the Circle

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Identify and Describe the Conic Sections

Types of conic sections include parabolas, circles,

ellipses, and hyperbolas.

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Graph Parabolas of the Form x = a(y – k)2 + h

Parabola with Vertex at (h, k)

1. y = a(x – h)2 + k, a > 0 (opens upward)

2. y = a(x – h)2 + k, a < 0 (opens downward)
3. y = a(y – k)2 + h, a > 0 (opens to the right)
4. y = a(y – k)2 + h, a < 0 (opens to the left)

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Graph Parabolas of the Form x = a(y – k)2 + h

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Graph Parabolas of the Form x = a(y – k)2 + h

Example Sketch the graph of x = -2(y + 4)2 – 1.

The graph opens to the

lefts since the equation is
of the form x = a(y-k)2 + h
and a = -2. h = -1 and k =
-4, so the vertex is (-1, -4).

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Learn the Distance and Midpoint Formulas

The horizontal distance between

the two points (x1, y1) and (x2,
y2), indicated by the blue dashed
line is |x2 – x1| and the vertical
distance indicated by the red
dashed line is |y2 – y1|.

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Learn the Distance and Midpoint Formulas

Distance Formula
The distance, d, between any two points (x1, y1) and (x2,
y2) can be found by the distance formula:
d  ( x2  x1 ) 2  ( y2  y1 ) 2

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Learn the Distance and Midpoint Formulas

Midpoint Formula
Given any two points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2), the point
halfway between the given points can be found by the
midpoint formula:

 x  x2 y1  y2 
midpoint   1 , 
 2 2 

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Graph Circles with Centers at the Origin

Circle
A circle is the set of points in a plane that are the same
distance, called the radius, from a fixed point, called
the center.

Circle with Its Center at the Origin and Radius r

x2  y2  r 2

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Graph Circles with Centers at the Origin

For example, x2 + y2 = 16 is a circle with its center

at the origin and radius 4, and x2 + y2 = 10 is a circle
with its center at the origin and radius √10.

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Graph Circles with Centers at (h, k)

Circle with Its Center at (h, k) and Radius r

( x  h) 2  ( y  k ) 2  r 2

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Graph Circles with Centers at (h, k)

Example Determine the equation of the circle

shown below.

The center is (-3, 2) and the

radius is 3.
( x  h) 2  ( y  k ) 2  r 2
[ x  (3)]  ( y  2)  3
2 2 2

( x  3) 2  ( y  2) 2  9

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