CONSTRUCTION METHODS

 1. SURVEYING
 2. CLEARING
 3. FRAMING
 4. SIGNAGES
 5. MOBILIZATION
 6. LAYOUT
 7. EXCAVATION
 8. FOOTING
 9. COLUMNS
 10. BEAMS
 11. SLABS
 12. WALL
 13. ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL
 14. PLUMBING
 15. FINISHING/PARTITIONS
 16. TAPPING OFF/ROOF DECK
 17. PAINTING
 18. POWER SUPPLY
 19. TESTING
 20. DEMOBILIZATION
 21. HANDOVER
Construction Operations-Summary
Definition
“Construction operations” means operations of any of the following
descriptions:
1. The construction, alteration, repair, extension,
demolition or dismantling of buildings or structures;
2. The construction, alteration, repair, extension or
demolition of any works forming, or to form, part of
the land, including walls, road-works, power lines,
telecommunication apparatus, aircraft runways,
docks and harbours, railways, inland waterways,
pipelines, reservoirs, water mains, wells, sewers,
industrial plant and installations for purposes of land
drainage;
 3. The installation in any building or structure of systems of
heating, lighting, airconditioning, soundproofing,
ventilation, power supply, drainage, sanitation, water
supply, burglar or fire protection; The external cleaning of
buildings (other than cleaning of any part of a building in
the course of normal maintenance) or the internal
cleaning of buildings and structures, in so far as carried
out in the course of their construction, alteration,
extension, repair or restoration; 1. The installation in or on
any building or structure of systems of
telecommunications;
 4. The external cleaning of buildings (other than
cleaning of any part of a building in the course of
normal maintenance) or the internal cleaning of
buildings and structures, in so far as carried out in the
course of their construction, alteration, extension, repair
or restoration;
 5.Operations which form an integral part of, or are
preparatory to, or are for rendering complete such
operations as are described in paragraphs (a) to (d),
including site clearance, earth-moving, excavation,
tunnelling and boring, laying of foundations, erection of
scaffolding, site restoration, landscaping [1] and the
provision of roadways and other access works;
 6.Operations which form an integral part of, or are
preparatory to, or are for rendering complete, the drilling
for or extraction of minerals, oil, natural gas or the
exploration for, or exploitation of, natural resources;
 7.The haulage for hire of materials, machinery or plant
for use, whether used or not, in any of the construction
operations referred to in paragraphs (a) to (f).
What is Value Engineering?

 Value engineering is a systematic and organized

approach to providing the necessary functions in a
project at the lowest cost. Value engineering promotes
the substitution of materials and methods with less
expensive alternatives, without sacrificing functionality.
It is focused solely on the functions of various
components and materials, rather than their physical
attributes. Value engineering is also called value
analysis.
A value analysis is undertaken whereby practitioners or
subject matter experts gather together to perform the
value methodology. The standard job plan consists of 6
phases:
 1. Information.
 2. Function Analysis.
 3. Creative
 4. Evaluation
 5. Development.
 6. Presentation
Advantages Of Value Engineering

* Value engineering helps achieve an improved

product design and quality.
 * Value engineering suggests eliminating the
unnecessary functions in the organization that
increase costs and have complex ties.
 * Value engineering enhances the customers'
satisfaction and sales by determining the exact need
and expectation of customers.
* Value engineering emphasizes on seeking the
alternatives for achieving the function and on
applying the best alternative among the various
courses of actions available.
 * Value engineering provides competitive
advantages to the firm in the areas of product quality,
costs and customer's satisfaction.
 * Value engineering focuses on standardization of the
parts and components by identifying the possibility of
using the same component or function in different
products of the company. This brings economy in the
cost of manufacturing the parts and components.