INDUSTRIAL TRAINING

PRESENTED BY:
PADMAJA PANDE
INTRODUCTION

The training undertaken at RTTC (BSNL) was related to the topics of

telecommunications.
It was a four week training which included theory classes along with lab
visits to understand all the topics fully.
MOTIVATION

• Industrial Training bridges the gap in academic curriculum and in

the industry.
• It helps students to learn new technology.
• It helps in staying updated with market demand.
• It also helps in making us aware of new developments and
discoveries and develop skills and competencies required to become
employable.
OBJECTIVE

• The main objective of Industrial Training is to expose the students to

actual working environment
• To enhance their knowledge and skill from what they have learned in
the college
• To instil the good qualities of integrity, responsibility and self
confidence.
ABOUT THE COMPANY
• Bharat Sanchar Nigam
Limited (abbreviated BSNL) is an
Indian state-owned telecommunications
company headquartered in New Delhi. It was
incorporated on 15 September 2000
• BSNL is India's oldest communication
service provider and its history can be traced
back to the British era.
• BSNL serves its customers with a wide
bouquet of telecom services namely:
 Wireline
 CDMA mobile
 GSM mobile
 Internet
• Its training centre situated in Lucknow is
called the Regional Telecom Training Centre
(RTTC).
OPERATION DETAILS
BSNL is divided into a number of administrative units, variously known
as:
• Telecom circles
• Metro districts
• Project circles
Some examples of these circles are:
 24 telecom circles (UP(E), UP(W), Tamil Nadu Telecom Centres etc.)
 2 metro districts (Chennai and Kolkata)
 6 project circles (North East Task Force, IT Project Circle etc.)
 4 maintenance regions (Eastern, Western, Northern and Southern)
 4 telecom factories (Mumbai, Jabalpur, Richhai and Kolkata)
 3 training institutions (RTTC, ALTTC, BRBRAITT)
 4 specialized telecom units (Broadband Network Circle, Quality
Assurance etc)
SERVICES PROVIDED

• BSNL Landline
• NGN based VAS(WINGS)
• Wi-Fi
• Landline Broadband Services
• Bharat Fibre Broadband FTTH
• Wi-Max Broadband
• GSM
• Special Services
 Universal access Number
 Toll Free Number
 Voice VPN
 Televoting
TRAINING HIGHLIGHTS
• Phase I
• Overview of telecom networks
 MS: Mobile Station
 BST: Base Station Transceiver
 BSC: Base Station Controller
 MSC: Mobile Switching Centre
 PSTN: Public Switched Telephone
Network
• PCM principles and multiplexing
• Sampling-At Nyquist Rate (fs>=2*fm)
• Quantization- The process of constraining an input from a continuous or
otherwise large set of values to a discrete set.
• Coding- Each discrete level of the quantized signal is given a code.
 Phase II
Digital Switching Principles
Switching is basically establishing temporary path or connection
between two points. There are two modes of switching employed at a
network
• Circuit Switching-A circuit between the calling party and the called
party is set up and it is kept reserved till the call is completed. Here,
two speech time slots are involved, one of calling subscriber and other
of called subscriber. This technique of switching is based on sampling
theorem.
• Packet Switching-In this, the information(speech, data, etc.) is divided
into packets each packet containing piece of information also bears
source and destination address. These packets are sent independently
through a network with the destination address embedded in them.
Each packet may follow a different path depending on the network.
 Phase III
OSI Model-The model currently being used in the telecom sector is the TCP/IP Model
but the OSI Model provides a reference to the current model.
• Application Layer-It serves as a window for the
application services to access the network and for
displaying the received information to the user.
Ex: Application – Browsers, Skype Messenger etc.
• Presentation Layer-The data from the application layer
is extracted here and manipulated as per the required
format to transmit over the network.
• Session Layer-This layer is responsible for
establishment of connection, maintenance of
sessions, authentication and also ensures security.
• Transport Layer-It is responsible for the End to End
delivery of the complete message.
• Network Layer-It takes care of packet routing i.e.
selection of the shortest path to transmit the packet,
from the number of routes available.
• Data Link Layer-The main function of this layer is to
make sure data transfer is error free from one node to
another, over the physical layer
• Physical Layer-It is responsible for the actual physical
connection between the devices. The physical layer
contains information in the form of bits.
Phase IV

Optical Fibre Communication

Fig: Elements of an optical fibre Fig: Working of optical fibre as a transmission channel

Fiber-optic communication is a method of transmitting information from one

place to another by sending pulses of light through an optical fiber. The light
forms an electromagnetic carrier wave that is modulated to carry information.
CONCLUSION
Engineering students need to serve in private as well as public sector industries
and workshop based training and training in classrooms have their own
limitations. The lack of exposure to real life , material express and functioning
of industrial organisation is the major hindrance in the student employment.
In the open economic era of fast modernization and tough competitions,
technical industries should as a procedure should pass out as near to job
function as possible.
This training helped me in gaining in depth knowledge of the working of
telephone exchange and various other technologies of BSNL.
THANK YOU